ABSTRACT
Objective@#To study the pathology and its significance of early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).@*Methods@#A total of consecutive 113 cases were collected at the endoscopy center from August 2012 to June 2016, which were diagnosed as early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions and undergone ESD. According to Japanese colorectal cancer treatment guidelines, specimens were processed and pathologically evaluated for histological type, tumor diameter, depth of invasion, budding grading, vessel invasion, and horizontal and vertical margin, as well as curative resection.@*Results@#There were 63 cases of adenoma (55.75%), including 29(25.66%) tubular adenoma, 2(1.77%) villous adenoma, and 32(28.32%) villioustublar adenoma. Thirty-four cases of serrated lesion were found, which included 19(16.81%) traditional serrated adenoma, 11(9.73%) sessile serrated adenoma, and 4(3.54%) hyperplasic polyp. There were also 16(14.16%) cases of early colorectal cancer with 7 cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, 7 cases of moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma, 1 case of poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 1 case of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Vessel invasion were observed in 2 of 16 cases of early colorectal cancer which were both moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in sigmoid colon. The vertical margins were negative in 108(95.58%) of 113 cases. Positive vertical margin were found in only 1 case (moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma, pT1b2) and another case was suspected as positive. The rest 3 cases could not be precisely diagnosed. The horizontal margins were negative in 80(70.80%) of 113 cases and positive horizontal margin were found in 20(17.7%) cases (19 adenoma and 1 moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma). Thirteen cases cannot be precisely diagnosed. Histologically, complete resection rate was 82.30%. The complete resection rate of invasive adenocarcinoma was 93.75%. Among 16 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma, 5 cases (curative rate: 31.25%) were judged as curative resection whereas 11 cases were considered as non-curative resection. Seven non-curative resection cases were treated with further surgery and did not relapse after the follow-up.@*Conclusion@#The standardized processing and precise histopathological evaluation are key factors for colorectal ESD technique, which play an important role in the success of endoscopic therapy.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the correlation between IDH1 mutation, MGMT expression, clinicopathologic features and post-radiotherapy prognosis in patients with astrocytoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Detection of IDH1 mutation and MGMT expression was carried out in 48 cases of astrocytoma (WHO grade II to III) by EnVision method with immunohistochemical staining. Follow-up data, including treatment response and overall survival time, were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rates of IDH1 mutation and MGMT expression in astrocytomas were 62.7% (30/48) and 47.9% (23/48), respectively. There was a negative correlation between IDH1 mutation and MGMT expression (r = -0.641, P < 0.01). The age of patients with IDH1 mutation was younger at disease onset. The IDH1 mutation rate in patients with WHO grade II astrocytoma was higher than that in patients with WHO grade III tumor (P < 0.05). The age at onset was an independent factor affecting the expression of mutant IDH1. After radiotherapy, patients with IDH1 mutation+/MGMT- tumor carried a longer overall survival time than patients with IDH1 mutation-/MGMT+ tumor (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is a correlation between IDH1 mutation and MGMT expression in WHO grade II to III astrocytoma. Age at onset is an independent factor affecting the expression of mutant IDH1. Tumors with IDH1+/MGMT- pattern show better response to radiotherapy than tumors with IDH1-/MGMT+ pattern. Detection of IDH1 mutation and MGMT protein expression can provide some guidance in choice of treatment modalities in patients with astrocytoma.</p>