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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on upper limb motor function rehabilitation of stroke patients after contralateral seventh cervical nerve transfer (CC7). MethodsFrom May, 2020, to May, 2022, 34 stroke patients with hemiplegia underwent CC7 in Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai were randomly divided into control group (n = 17) and observation group (n = 17). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation. The observation group accepted repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation, and the control group received sham stimulation, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE) and Hua-Shan Grading of Upper Extremity (H-S grading) before and after treatment. ResultsTwo cases dropped down in each group. There was difference in gender between two groups (χ2 = 6.136, P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of FMA-UE and H-S grading significantly improved in both groups (t > 4.000, P < 0.01), and the improvement was better in the observation group than in the control group (t > 2.362, P < 0.05). ConclusionRepetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation could improve the motor function of upper limb and hand of stroke patients with hemiplegia after CC7.
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【Objective】 To explore the performance verification of NAT and its procedures for HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV RNA-1 using PCR-fluorescence via Cobas s201 automatic NAT system and supporting MPX V2.0 reagents that applied in the laboratories of blood stations, in order to satisfy ISO 15189 accreditation requirements and ensure the accuracy of NAT results. 【Methods】 Samples used in external quality assessment(EQA) of year 2020 were taken to verify the concordance, Performance evaluation panel and sensitivity verification panel of Roche second-generation NAT system were used to verify the sensitivity/ specificity and the lower limit of detection, respectively.And HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV RNA-1 quality control products were used to verify the anti-interference ability. 【Results】 The concordance rate of 40 EQA, samples was 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of Cobas s201 automatic NAT system and supporting MPX V2.0 reagents in detecting HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV RNA-1 were all 100%. The lower detection limit for HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV RNA-1 all met the requirements of reagent instructions. The yielding of HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV RNA-1 were affected little with hemolysis at 500 mg/dL but interfered seriously as lipemia reached 3 300 mg/dL. 【Conclusion】 The concordance rate, sensitivity, specificity and lower detection limit of the Cobas s201 fully-automatic NAT system and MPX V2.0 reagents by PCR-fluorescence method all met the requirements of reagent instructions. The verification of anti-interference ability demonstrated the requirements of ISO 15189 and the needs of blood station laboratories could be satisfied, and the detection methods and procedures can ensure the accuracy of NAT results.
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Objective:To synthesize a new β-amyloid (Aβ) radioactive tracer (2-((2-6-[ 18F]fluoro-5-(methylamino)pyridin-2-yl)benzothiazol-6-yl)thio)ethanol ( 18F-FINH-Me), and evaluate its biological distribution and affinity to Aβ plaques. Methods:18F-FINH-Me was synthesized by GE FN automated module, and the quality control and stability of 18F-FINH-Me were determined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biodistribution of 18F-FINH-Me was observed in normal C57BL/6 mice ( n=25). MicroPET/CT imaging was performed in Alzheimer′s disease (AD) model mice( n=5) and matched normal C57BL/6 mice( n=5). The brain tissues of mice were taken for Aβ immunohistochemical staining. 18F-FINH-Me autoradiography was performed in postmortem brain sections of one AD patient (female, 69 years old) and one healthy volunteer (female, 66 years old). Results:The decay correction yield of 18F-FINH-Me was (53±4)% ( n>20) with the radioactive purity of more than 98% ( n>20) and the specific activity of 79.90-122.00 GBq/μmol ( n=10). 18F-FINH-Me was stable in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) after incubation for 4 h at room temperature. The biodistribution showed that 18F-FINH-Me was mainly excreted through the liver and kidneys. MicroPET/CT imaging showed that 18F-FINH-Me was obviously uptaken in the brain of AD mice. After injection for 1-2 min, the uptake of 18F-FINH-Me reached the peak, and the elution speed was fast (whole brain standardized uptake value: 0.73±0.17 for 1 min, 0.31±0.06 for 30 min). The immunohistochemistry showed that there were abundant Aβ plaques in the brain of AD model mice but not in the normal C57BL/6 mice brain. The autoradiographic results showed that 18F-FINH-Me exhibited substantial plaque labeling in brain sections of one AD patient but not in the healthy volunteer. Conclusion:18F-FINH-Me may be an effective PET agent for detecting Aβ plaques in brain.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of hydrogen on the expression of hippocampal cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) after cardiac arrest-resuscitation in rats.Methods:Ninety clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 280-320 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham group (group Sham, n=20), cardiac arrest-cardiopulmonary resuscitation group (group CPR, n=35), and hydrogen-rich saline group (group H 2, n=35). Cardiac arrest was induced by transoesophageal cardiac pacing followed by CPR in group CPR.Only femoral arteriovenous puncture and tracheal intubation were performed in group Sham.Hydrogen-rich saline 5 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected immediately after recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and at 6 and 12 h after ROSC in group H 2 , while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in the other two groups.Neuro-functional deficit was assessed using neurologic deficit scores (NDS) at 1 and 3 days after ROSC.The animals were sacrificed immediately after intubation in group Sham and at 6 h and 1, 2 and 3 days after ROSC in CPR and H 2 groups, and the hippocampal tissues were obtained to detect the expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic CIRP by Western blot. Results:Compared with group Sham, NDS was significantly decreased at each time point after ROSC in group CPR and group H 2, the expression of nuclear CIRP was significantly down-regulated at 1, 2 and 3 days after ROSC, and the expression of cytoplasmic CIRP was up-regulated at 1 and 2 days after ROSC in group CPR, and the expression of nuclear CIRP was significantly down-regulated at each time point after ROSC, and the expression of cytoplasmic CIRP was down-regulated at 2 and 3 days after ROSC in group H 2 ( P<0.05). Compared with group CPR, NDS was significantly increased at each time point after ROSC, the expression of nuclear CIRP was down-regulated at 6 h after ROSC, and the expression of cytoplasmic CIRP was down-regulated at 1 and 2 days after ROSC in group H 2 ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The nechanism by which hydrogen reduces brain injury after cardiac arrest-resuscitation may be related to down-regulating hippocampal CIRP expression in rats.
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Objective To investigate the expression of monocyte subsets and their chemokine,i.e.,monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and fractalkine (FKN),in patients with acute coronary svndrome (ACS),and to analyze their correlation.Methods Patients with the syndrome of pectoralgia and to be inspected with coronary angiography (CAG) in our hospital from Sep.to Dec.,2016 were included.Patients' venous blood was collected on the operation day before operation,the level and proportion of monocyte (Mon) subsets,which was namely CD14 + CD16-Mon (Mon1),CD14+CD16 + Mon (Mon2) and CD14-CD16 + Mon (Mon3) according to the expression of cluster differentiation-14 (CD14) and CD16,were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).Patients' venous blood was collected on the operation day before operation and one day after operation,the concentrations of MCP-1 and FKN in plasma were measured by ELISA.We compared the expression levels of MCP-1-Mon1 and FKN-Mon3,and analyzed their relationship between each other respectively in different groups.Results Diagnosed according to the clinical symptoms,myocardial markers,electrocardiogram and CAG results,70 individuals were analyzed,including 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI group),25 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP group) and 15 patients with the chest pain symptoms and normal CAG results (control group).The percentage of Mon1 in the AMI group was higher than that in the other groups (P＜0.05);no difference was observed for Mon3 among the groups (P＞0.05).The Mon3/Mon1 ratio in the AMI group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Moreover,the levels of FKN and MCP-1 in the ACS group were greater than those in the control group.The level of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was significantly increased in the AMI and UAP group than that in the control group (P＜0.05).There was a significant correlation between FKN and Mon3 (P＜0.05,R=0.650 2).Conclusions The monocyte subset of Mon1 and Mon3 increased in the early stage of ACS,with their chemokine (FKN and MCP-1) increasing at the same time.There is a significant correlation between FKN and Mon3,which indicates MCP-1-Mon1 and FKN-Mon3 may participate in the pathophysiological process of early ACS in patients.
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Objective To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia combined with mitochondrial divison inhibitor 1 in mitochondrial after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR).Methods Fourty male healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 280-320 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8 each): group Sham, group IR, hypothermia group (group H), Mdivi-1 group (group M) and hypothermia+Mdivi-1 group (group HM).Animal models of global cerebral IR were established by transoesophageal cardiac pacing inducing cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ischemia 4 min and reperfusion 6 h).The group Sham was similarly treated to group IR except the cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.In groups H and HM, the core temperature was cooled down to 32-34℃ within 15 min starting from the beginning of reperfusion, and maintained for 6 h.In the other groups, the core temperature was maintained at the normal temperature.In groups M and HM, the animals were given Mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg) intravenously at the beginning of the reperfusion and the other groups were given the same Volume of dimethylsnlfone (DMSO).After 6 h of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed, and bilateral hippocampi were immediately removed for determination the protein level of dynamin-related proten 1 (Drp1) and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) expression by Western blot and obsevation of the mitochondrial structure of pyramidal cell in hippocampal CA1 under electronic microscope.Results Compared with group Sham, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C was up-regulated in groups IR, H, M and HM (P＜0.05).Compared with group IR, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C was down-regulated in groups H, M and HM (P＜0.05).Compared with groups H and M, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C was down-regulated in group HM (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of Drp1 and Cyt-C between groups H and M.The mitochondria were rod-shaped with clear and sound structure in group Sham, while mitochondria showed various degree of fission, swollen structures, matrix deposit, vacuoles formation and cristae collapse in other groups.The changes of group HM were relatively slight.Conclusion Mild hypothermia combined with mitochondrial divison inhibitor 1 alleviate mitochondrial damage after global cerebral IR of rats.The combined effect is better than that of any individual application.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of hypothermia on the expression of dynamin?related protein 1 ( Drp1) in brain tissues during global cerebral ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R) in rats. Methods Thirty?six healthy male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 280-320 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table: sham operation group ( group Sham ) , global cerebral I∕R group ( group I∕R) and hypothermia group ( group H) . Cardiac arrest was induced by transoesophageal cardiac pacing followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation to establish the global cerebral I∕R model in anesthetized rats in I∕R and H groups. In group H, the body temperature ( rectal temperature) was cooled down to 32-34 ℃ within 15 min starting from the beginning of reperfusion, and maintained at this level for 6 h. At 72 h of reperfusion, neurological deficit was scored, and the rats were sacrificed, and the whole brain was removed for examination of the pathological changes in hippocampal CA1 region and for determination of nor?mal pyramidal cell count and neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region and expression of Drp1 and cy?tochrome c (Cyt c) in hippocampal tissues (by Western blot). The apoptosis rate was calculated. Re?sults Compared with group S, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly in?creased, and the number of normal pyramidal cells was decreased in I∕R and H groups, the expression of Drp1 and Cyt c in hippocampal tissues was significantly up?regulated in group I∕R ( P0.05) . Compared with group I∕R, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly de?creased, the number of normal pyramidal cells was increased, and the expression of Drp1 and Cyt c in hip?pocampal tissues was down?regulated in group H ( P<0.05) . Conclusion The mechanism by which hypo?thermia inhibits cell apoptosis during global cerebral I∕R may be related to down?regulation of Drp1 expres?sion in rats.
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A Co2+ ion-mediated formaldehyde imprinted polymer ( MIP) was prepared by coordination polymerization method in present work and its surface structure characterized by using IR spectrum and scanning electron microscope ( SEM). Inversed phase gas chromatography ( IGC) technique using this formaldehyde imprinted polymer as stationary phase was utilized to investigate on the retention selectivity, isotherm adsorption and adsorption thermodynamics for this imprint material toward the template and its structural analogue. Also, the ability of this polymer in the removal of formaldehyde from room atmosphere was explored. Results indicated that the capacity of the template on the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) column was much higher than that of aldehyde and the lower column temperature and flow rate of carrier gas was beneficial for the selective retention of imprint material toward the template molecule, possessing a higher capacity factor of 61. 1 for the template and a higher separation factor of 10. 66 for this imprint polymer toward formaldehyde and aldehyde under the optimized chromatographic conditions ( column temperature: 363 K;flow rate of carrier gase: 7. 0 mL/ min; injection volume: 3. 0 μL). An approximate linear adsorption isotherm for the template and a BET Ⅲ one for the analogue on the MIPs was observed. In addition, this molecularly imprinted polymer was shown with higher capability in the removal of formaldehyde from room atmosphere.
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Objective To establish a simple and reliable method for isolation and cultivation of epidermal stem cells from neo-natal rat skin basal layer .Methods The single cells were dissociated with twice trypsinization form neonatal rat skin .Thereafter we purified the basal layer stem cells with differential velocity adherent technique with collagen Ⅳ ,and the slow adherent cells were cultured as negative control cells .Both basal layer stem cells and control cells were cultivated with keratinocyte serum-free medium (K-sfm) .Stem cells were identified with β1-integrin and Keratin 19 by co-immunofluorescence assay ,and colony forming assay was executed to evaluate the proliferation potential of stem cells .Results The polygonal cells grew like flagstones ,with doubling time of approximately 24 hours .Both the morphology and growth properties of cells were in accordance with the character of basal layer stem cells .Co-immunofluorescence identification showed the cells were positive for the expression of β1-integrin and Keratin 19 . Basal layer stem cells had stronger clone forming ability in vitro compare with control group .Conclusion The results indicate that two-procedure trypsinization plus differential velocity adhesion is an ideal method for basal layer stem cells separation followed with vigorous vitality and reliable phenotype .
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Objective To evaluate the effect of hydrogen sulfide combined with mild hypothermia on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Eighty male SD rats, aged 3 months, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 16 each): sham operation group (group S), cerebral I/R group,mild hypothermia group (group M), sodium hydrosulfide group (group NaHS) and NaHS + mild hypothermia group (group NM). In group I/R, M, NaHS and NM, cerebral I/R was induced by occlusion of 4 vessels (cauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries and 15 min occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries) followed by reperfusion. In group NaHS and NM, intraperitoneal NaHS 14 μmol/kg was injected immediately after reperfusion, while the equal volume of normal saline was injected in the other three groups. At the same time, the rectal temperature was reduced to 32-33 ℃ within 15 min, lasting for 6 h, in group M and NM, while it was maintained at 36-37 ℃by physical method in other groups. Twelve rats of each group were sacrificed after 6 h of reperfusion, and then the hippocampus was removed for determination of the content of H2 S by using spectrophotometer and the expression of p-CREB and BDNF mRNA by using Western blot and RT-PCR respectively. Four rats in each group were sacririced after 72 h of reperfusion and then the hippocampus was removed for microscopic examination. Results The cerebral I/R injury was attenuated in group M, NaHS and NM compared with group I/R, with the slightest injury in group NM. The H2S content was significantly higher in group I/R, M, NaHS and NM than in group S, and in group NaHS and NM than in group I/R and M. The expression of p-CREB and BNDF mRNA was significantly higher in group I/R, M, NaHS and NM than in group S, and in group M, NaHS and NM than in group I/R. The BDNF mRNA expression was significantly higher in group NM than in group M and NaHS. There was no significant difference in the H2S content and the expression of p-CREB and BNDF mRNA between group NaHS and M.Conclusion Hydrogen sulfide combined with mild hypothermia can attenuate cerebral I/R injury by up-regulating the expression of p-CREB and BDNF mRNA in hippocampus in rats.
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Objective To explore the possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of ifenprodil by investigating its effects on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and activity and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Fifty-four adult male SD rats weighing 280-320 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 18 each) : I sham operation group (group S) ; II focal cerebral I/R group (group I/R) and Ⅲ ifenpradil preconditioning group (group IF) received intraperitoneal ifenprodil 10 mg/kg before focal cerebral I/R. Focal cerebral I/R was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) . A 3-0 nylon thread with rounded tip was inserted into right internal jugular vein and threaded cranially until resistance was met. MCAO was maintained for 2 h. At 48 h after reperfusion, the animals were assessed for neurological function which was scored (0 = no functional deficit, 4 = unable to crawl, unconscious) and then decapitated. The brains were immediately removed for microscopic examination and determination of iNOS protein expression and activity, NO content and apoptosis in the ischemic core (IC) and penumbra (IP). Results Ifenprodil pretreatment significantly decreased the cerebral infarct size and neurological scores in group IF as compared with group I/R. In group I/R the iNOS activity was increased compared with group S.The iNOS activity and NO content were significantly lower in IP than in IC in group IR and IF. The TUNEL-positive cells were also mainly confined to IP. Compared with group I/R, in group IF the iNOS protein expression was significantly down-regulated in IC and IP and the iNOS activity and NO content in IC and IP were suppressed and TUNEL-positive cells were significantly reduced in IP. Conclusion Ifenprodil pretreatment has protective effect against cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting iNOS protein expression in IP, suppressing iNOS activity and NO content and reducing apoptosis.