ABSTRACT
Recently, ex-vivo gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by introducing functional genes in vitro. Here, we explored the need of using selection markers to increase the gene delivery efficiency and evaluated the potential risks associated with their use in the manufacturing process. We used MSCs/CD that carry the cytosine deaminase gene (CD) as a therapeutic gene and a puromycin resistance gene (PuroR) as a selection marker. We evaluated the correlation between the therapeutic efficacy and the purity of therapeutic MSCs/CD by examining their anti-cancer effect on co-cultured U87/GFP cells. To simulate in vivo horizontal transfer of the PuroR gene in vivo, we generated a puromycin-resistant
ABSTRACT
Therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is determined by biodistribution and engraftment in vivo.Compared to intravenous infusion, biodistribution of locally transplanted MSCs are partially understood. Here, we performed a pharmacokinetics (PK) study of MSCs after local transplantation. We grafted human MSCs into the brains of immune-compromised nude mice. Then we extracted genomic DNA from brains, lungs, and livers after transplantation over a month. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction with human Alu-specific primers, we analyzed biodistribution of the transplanted cells. To evaluate the role of residual immune response in the brain, MSCs expressing a cytosine deaminase (MSCs/CD) were used to ablate resident immune cells at the injection site. The majority of the Alu signals mostly remained at the injection site and decreased over a week, finally becoming undetectable after one month. Negligible signals were transiently detected in the lung and liver during the first week. Suppression of Iba1-positive microglia in the vicinity of the injection site using MSCs/CD prolonged the presence of the Alu signals.After local transplantation in xenograft animal models, human MSCs remain predominantly near the injection site for limited time without disseminating to other organs. Transplantation of human MSCs can locally elicit an immune response in immune compromised animals, and suppressing resident immune cells can prolong the presence of transplanted cells. Our study provides valuable insights into the in vivo fate of locally transplanted stem cells and a local delivery is effective to achieve desired dosages for neurological diseases.
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Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of consultations by an oncology nurse practitioner by period and the characteristics of gastric cancer surgery patients. @*Methods@#Qualitative content analysis research was used. The data of this study consisted of counseling records by an oncology nurse practitioner. Data for analysis comprised a total of 898 counseling records of 118 patients. Counseling patients were gastric cancer patients who were diagnosed and received operations from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. @*Results@#The data were classified and analyzed as follows: three major categories of physical needs, information needs, and psychosocial needs; five middle categories of symptom management, self-management information, medical information, financial information, emotional support; and 16 subcategories. Regarding the number of consultations by category, the most frequent requests for information were 141 cases (15.7%) for physical needs, 634 cases (70.6%) for information requests, and 123 cases (13.7%) for psychosocial needs. @*Conclusion@#Gastric cancer patients who have undergone operations were wanted the tailored counseling and education are needed for each period from diagnosis to treatment. Oncology nurse practitioners should provide counseling with integrated nursing perception. The recording of all counseling content, including psychosocial needs, is important to illustrate the performance outcome. This research is a meaningful study demonstrating the counseling performed by an oncology nurse practitioner.
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No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Xanthomatosis, CerebrotendinousABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Xanthomatosis, CerebrotendinousABSTRACT
The elderly population with dementia is rapidly growing in South Korea. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dementia and oral health in 197 subjects aged ≥65 years. The questionnaire included questions on subjective health status, subjective health concern, subjective oral health status and behavior, mastication ability, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaires (KDSQ). Oral examination was conducted by a single dentist to evaluate upper or lower denture use, and determine the numbers of remaining and functioning teeth, including implant and fixed prosthesis. The subjects who required a dementia test (KDSQ-C [cognition] of ≥6) had significant differences in systemic disease prevalence rate, subjective health status, subjective health concern, KDSQ-V (vascular disease) score, KDSQ-D (depression) score, subjective oral treatment need, key food mastication ability and OHIP-14 score compared to the healthy subjects. The proportion of denture wearers, total remaining teeth, total functioning teeth, toothbrushing frequency, oral pain severity, symptoms of periodontal disease, subjective oral health status, and subjective oral health concern showed no significant differences between the two groups. KDSQ-C and OHIP-14 scores showed a strong positive relationship, while KDSQ-C score and total remaining teeth or key food mastication ability showed a weak negative relationship. In the multiple regression analysis, the KDSQ-D, KDSQ-V, and OHIP-14 scores influenced the KDSQ-C scores. We suggest a relationship between oral health and cognitive impairment.