ABSTRACT
Background: The estimation of gender using hand dimensions is a crucial role in forensic investigation and legal sciences. Objectives: In this study, the mean score of hand measurements have been derived and linear discriminant analysis has been applied to predict gender from hand dimensions. An Independent t-test has been employed to know discrimination between male and female. The accuracy of gender estimation has been derived and checked by ROC curve. Material and Methods: A sample of 150 participants has been collected for the completion of this study, where 78 males and 72 females were found aged between 18 and 24 years. The breadths and lengths of left and right hands of the participants have been measured. Results: Respondents’ mean score of length and breadth of left hand were found 17.69 ± 1.30 and 7.56 ± 1.17, respectively. It was found to be significantly different in the respondents’ mean scores of males and females. Conclusions: The hand dimensions of males were higher than females. The prediction of a number of females and males were 76 and 74, respectively, and its accuracy was observed 0.87. This research can be applied for larger sample and would be helpful in predicting gender discrimination among adults through hand dimensions.
ABSTRACT
Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign non-neoplastic lesion of the liver usually found in adults. It is uncommon in children, comprising 2-10% of all pediatric liver tumours. In children, it can occur at all ages, with increased frequency between 6-10 years. We present two cases of FNH in childhood- the first being that of a 5-month-old infant, and the second in a 6-year-old boy. The possibility of congenital FNH had been excluded in the first case. The second case posed diagnostic difficulty initially and was wrongly treated for hepatoblastoma by neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but later correctly diagnosed to be FNH. Both the children are doing well on follow-up. Paediatric FNH though rare, should be kept in mind while dealing with a hepatic mass. Radiological features can be variable and needle sampling may not be sufficient to reach to a diagnosis. Histological examination with glutamine synthetase immunostaining should be performed in doubtful cases to differentiate FNH from other paediatric liver masses, as management differs.
ABSTRACT
Female reproductive tract cancers (FRCs) are considered as one of the most frequently occurring malignancies and a foremost cause of death among women. The late-stage diagnosis and limited clinical effectiveness of currently available mainstay therapies, primarily due to the developed drug resistance properties of tumour cells, further increase disease severity. In the past decade, dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has shown remarkable success and appeared as a feasible therapeutic alternative to treat several malignancies, including FRCs. Importantly, the clinical efficacy of this therapy is shown to be restricted by the established immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. However, combining nanoengineered approaches can significantly assist DCs to overcome this tumour-induced immune tolerance. The prolonged release of nanoencapsulated tumour antigens helps improve the ability of DC-based therapeutics to selectively target and remove residual tumour cells. Incorporation of surface ligands and co-adjuvants may further aid DC targeting (in vivo) to overcome the issues associated with the short DC lifespan, immunosuppression and imprecise uptake. We herein briefly discuss the necessity and progress of DC-based therapeutics in FRCs. The review also sheds lights on the future challenges to design and develop clinically effective nanoparticles-DC combinations that can induce efficient anti-tumour immune responses and prolong patients' survival.
ABSTRACT
Background: This study was designed to compare the Fasting Blood Sugar samples were taken before and after walkingexercise for 45 minutes in type II diabetic patients. Methods: 36 Subjects were selected purposively from the out-patient department of Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital Rourkela according to inclusion-exclusion criteria. Results: Mean fasting blood sugar before & after walking for 45 minutes was 176.5±26.2 and 134.6±18.06, which is statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: Walking exercise after 45 minute was effective in reducing blood glucose levels for type II diabetic patients. Decreased Fasting blood sugar is considered beneficial in the treatment of type II diabetic patients.