Parasite community of wild and cultured oreochromis niloticus from lake Manzalah, Egypt

A total of 323 O. niloticus [168 wild fishes and 155 cultured fishes] were collected from Lake Manzala, Egypt from July to September 2010. The fish samples were examined for both ectoparasites and endoparasites. The parasite community of wild and cultured, O. niloticus consisted of ten parasitic species, one protozoon [Trichodina spp.], six monogenea [Cichlidogyrus sclerosus, C. thurstonae, C. hallitypicus, C. tilapiae, C. ergensi, C. tiberianus], one acanthocephalan [Acanthogyrus [Acanthosentis] tilapiae] and two crustacean species [Lernaea cyprinacea and Ergasilus sp.]. Mean parasite species richness significantly differed between wild [4.9 +/- 0.3] and cultured [6.6 +/- 0.8]. The overall prevalence of infection in cultured O. niloticus [54.84%] was significantly higher as compared to that in wild fish [39.9%]. The most prevalent parasite was C. thurstonae [37.46%] and C. sclerosus [35.91%] while the less prevalent one was Ergasilus sp. [14.55%]. Host sex and host body size significantly affect parasitism in most parasite species

Prevalence and coorelates of hypertensive complications in Egyptians

The Egyptian National Hypertension Project is a nation-wide survey conducted in the period 1991-1994. All hypertensive individuals as well as a sex and residence matched group of normotensive individuals were included in the study. The 2313 individuals included were subjected to clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, ECG recording and echocardiographic study. Left ventricular mass index estimated by echo was used to diagnose left ventricular hypertrophy [LVH]. The diagnosis of heart failure was based upon the clinical findings plus left ventricular systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction. Plasma creatinine more than 1.6 mg/dl was used to diagnose renal failure. LVH was present in 5% and 20% of the normotensive and hypertensive individuals. Age and systolic blood pressure had an important effect on the prevalence of LVH. The prevalence of coronary heart disease was 11.6% in normotensives and 19.5% in hypertensives. Heart failure was present in 5.8% of the normotensives and 13.3% of the hypertensives. Renal failure was present in 5.3% and 1.9% of the hypertensives and normotensives

Effects of some premedicant agents on pulmonary function tests

This work was done on 60 patients, all subjects were free of overt cardiorespiratory disease. The patients were divided into four groups [15 in each]. The first group received 10 mg diazepam i.m. The second group were given morphine sulfate 10 mg i.m. The third group received 100 mg meperidine HCl, i.m. and the last group received 2 mg buterphanol. All drugs were given one hour preoperatively. Statistical analysis showed that diazepam caused significant reduction of respiratory rate, tidal volume, [P <0.05] and nonsignificant reduction of all other pulmonary function tests. Morphine, meperidine and buterphanol produced significant reduction of RR, VT, MVV and PEFR [P <0.05], meperidine and buterphanol produced also significant reduction of FEFR and MEFR [P <0.05]

Laparoscopy: a triad of stressful manoeuvre

The effects of diagnostic laparoscopic procedure on plasma cortisol, blood glucose and lactate levels were studied in ten females. They received N2O-O2 mixture [66%] supplimented by 0.5-l% halothane under controlled mechanical hyperventillation. The mean blood glucose level was significantly increased after induction [P<0.05] and remained high during the subsequent periods [P<0.005]. The mean plasma cortisol concentration increased significantly from 371 to 430 m mol/L [P<0.05] immediately after unsufflation. It remained significantly high, till the end of the procedure [P<0.00l]. Their were no significant changes in the mean values of blood lactate during the whole procedure. The mean blood pressure and heart rate were increased during the periods of raised plasma cortisol levels [P< 0.001,< 0.005]. The mean PaCO2 level during the two min. of insufflation did not show significant change from the pre-inflation hypocapnic period. The mechanical effect of CO2 inflation could be considered as a third major stressful factor during laparoscopy. This was added to the stressful factors of surgery and anaesthesia as well as the neurohormonal metabolic responses of the highly absorbed CO2 from the peritoneal cavity