ABSTRACT
Introduction: Parturition is one of the most painful experiences of women and the reduction it's are important goals of nursing care, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of massage on pain levels in women at parturition were nulliparous
Method: The subjects of this research were 30 women, selected voluntarily and they have been put in two experimental and control group. The experimental group of active dilatation 4-3 cm to dilatation 10-8 cm under received massage therapy as a 10-minute massage and 10 minutes were resting, while the control group were not under any a kind of intervention. Perscent Behavioral Intensity [PBI] Scale and Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] scale was used to measure pain. The data were statistically by ANOVA using SPSS-18
Results: Results showed that pain scores in experimental group in dilatations of 4-3 cm, 5-7 and 8-10 cm are significantly reduced compared with control group
Conclusion: Statistical analysis showed that massage therapy reduces pain Labor compared with the control group. Massage may reduce pain through modulation of pain transmission pathway
ABSTRACT
The quality of life of children with leukemia is reduced by fear and anxiety of parents after diagnosis, lack of information about the disease, treatments, and care of the child. This study aims to evaluate the effect of educating parents of leukemic children on the patients' quality of life. In this interventional study, sixty parents of ALL children who met inclusion criteria were selected using simple random sampling method, and assigned to the experimental and control groups. The study tool included a valid and reliable questionnaire [TNO-AZL], that was filled in through interview by parents before and two months after the intervention for both groups. The first part of the questionnaire included demographic items and the second part [7 dimensions, each with 8 sections] contained questions related to the quality of life. The scores could range between 56 and 280 and a higher score represented a better quality of life. The intervention included three one-hour classes composed of lecture and question-answer sessions which were held for groups of 4-6 participants, accompanied by a booklet. Before the intervention, the quality of life score in the experimental and control groups was 180.83 +/- 14.43 and 174.28 +/- 20.72, respectively; after the intervention, these figures changed to 226.9 +/- 11.76 and 174.41 +/- 20.42 respectively. Paired samples T-test proved a significant increase in the quality of life in the experimental group. Parent education successfully increased the quality of life of leukemic children; therefore, parental consultation sessions and educational programs are recommended
ABSTRACT
Augmentation of Th2 mediated responses such as elevation of serum IgE is the characteristic feature in atopy and asthma. CpG oligonucleotides [CpG ODN] have been used during the recent two decades as the potent immunomodulatory agents in allergic conditions. In this paper, we aim to report the anti-inflammatory effects of CpG ODN in murine model of asthma. In this study, BALB/c mice were sensitized with ch.a. allergen and then treated intranasally with CpG ODN. Following the challenge with allergen inhalation, mice were sacrificed and their splenocytes were cultured in the presence of antigen. After three days of culture, supernatants were examined for IFN-gamma levels by ELISA method, as an indication of Th1 response, and the results were compared with those in control mice without CpG therapy. The results indicate that the mice in the test group, which received CpG ODN, showed higher levels of systemic INF-gamma, and lower levels of serum IgE compared with either the antigen or CpG negative ODN-treated groups. Based on the results of this study, which shows higher INF-gamma levels in mice received CpG ODN, it can be concluded that CpG motifs have immune response modulation potential apparently through the deviation of Th2 into Th1 responses, which lead to a decrease in IgE antibody level. Accordingly, we suggest that these components can have therapeutic effects in the asthma caused by ch.a. allergen