ABSTRACT
Abstract Considering that the main route of Mycobacterium leprae transmission is the upper respiratory tract, detection of salivary antibodies can be a useful tool for diagnosing early infection. The study aimed to analyze salivary anti-PGL-1 IgA and IgM antibodies in 169 children aged 4-16 years old, who lived nearby or inside the house of multibacillary or paucibacillary leprosy patients in two endemic cities in Alagoas State - Brazil. Salivary anti-PGL-1 antibodies were quantified by modified ELISA method. The frequency of contact and clinical form of the index case were significantly associated with salivary antibody levels. High frequency of IgM positivity strongly suggests active transmission of M. leprae in these communities. We suggest in the present work that salivary anti-PGL IgA and IgM are important biomarkers to be used for identifying communities with probable active transmission of M. leprae.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Glycolipids/analysis , Family , Contact Tracing , Leprosy, Multibacillary/diagnosis , Antibodies, Bacterial/administration & dosage , Antigens, Bacterial/analysis , Saliva/immunology , Saliva/chemistry , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Glycolipids/immunology , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/diagnosis , Mycobacterium leprae/immunology , Antigens, Bacterial/immunologyABSTRACT
The penicillin allergy skin testing is the only accurate and reliable test for penicillin hypersensitivity mediated by IgE. It is useful for identifying patients with doubtful history of allergy. Positive test for major and minor determinants presents a positive predictive value of 50 percent and negative predictive value of 99 percent. In Brazil, the Ministry of Health suggests a protocol for in house made reagents, since they are not commercially available. As the referred protocol does not mention some important details about the test procedures, we propose in the present work to implement them, critically evaluating each step in order to allow the protocol establishment at any health service, with quality and safety.
O teste cutâneo para alergia imediata a penicilina é o único teste validado internacionalmente, sendo que sua grande utilidade reside na avaliação de pacientes com história positiva de alergia a penicilina. O teste positivo para determinantes principais e secundários da penicilina apresenta um valor preditivo positivo de 50 por cento e valor preditivo negativo de 99 por cento. Em nosso meio, o Ministério de Saúde disponibiliza um protocolo para o preparo dos reagentes, uma vez que os mesmos não estão disponíveis comercialmente. Como o referido protocolo não apresenta maiores detalhes sobre o cuidado relativo às etapas de preparo das soluções, bem como faltam algumas considerações no que tange a realização do teste, propusemo-nos no presente trabalho operacionalizar o teste, avaliando de forma crítica e minuciosa cada etapa, de forma que outros profissionais possam reproduzi-lo de maneira mais segura e eficaz.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Penicillins/analysis , Skin Irritancy Tests/methods , Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic , Penicillin G BenzathineABSTRACT
E. Coli es uno de los gérmenes más frecuentemente aislado en sepsis y meningitis neonatal. La susceptibilidad a este germen se atribuye a la falta de anticuerpos protectores. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el pasaje transplacentário de anticuerpos dirigido contra muestras de suero de madres y sus respectivos recién nacidos. El análisis se realizó por el método de focalización isoeléctrica asociada a transferencia de afinidad (affinity blotting). Observamos espectrotipos idénticos de IgG y subclases de IgG1 e Igg2 anti-E. coli en las muestras de madre y sus respectivos recién nacidos. Demostramos así el pasaje transplacentaário de anticuerpos específicos contra este germen