ABSTRACT
The aim of present study was to explore the impact of Atorvastatin (ATR) Sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin complex(ATR-SBE-β-CD) on ATR dissolution behavior. Various batches of inclusion complexes were formulated usingvarious drug: polymer ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 1:5); using β-CD and SBE-β-CD and using two methods (freeze dryingand kneading method). Phase solubility studies were carried out of all the complexes and ratio 1:5 (ATR-SBE-β-CD)prepared by freeze-drying yield maximum solubility enhancement (30-fold in comparison to pure drug). Fouriertransformation infrared spectroscopy, Powder X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differentialscanning calorimetry (DSC) studies was also carried out. FTIR studies showed no drug polymer interaction. DSCand SEM studies suggested incorporation of drug into inclusion complexes of cyclodextrin. Solid dispersion viaFreeze drying technique using SBE-β-CD (1:3 ratio of drug to polymer) produces better dissolution characteristics incomparison to kneading method. The results revealed superiority of SBE-β-CD over β-CD for solubility enhancementof poorly soluble drugs (owing to amorphous nature and more stable form of SBE β-CD). No significant drug losswas observed in solid dispersion batch (as per results of drug content analysis) during storage for 3 months underaccelerated conditions. Further in vivo pharmacodynamics studies of selected batch were carried out by inducingobesity in rats by feeding them with a high-fat diet. Group I (normal control group) received normal chow diet andgroup II, group III, group IV (High fat diet group, optimized formulation group and disease control group) receivedHFD for 1 month and were further evaluated for BMI, Blood glucose, lipid profile, liver profile, and histopathologicalexamination. The results so obtained depicted that optimized formulation of Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) showedbetter results in comparison to pure Atorvastatin Calcium (10 mg/kg, p.o.).
ABSTRACT
The main use of surgical sutures is to assist closure and healing of trauma-induced as well as surgical wounds. Thisis done by upholding wound tissues together in order to facilitate the healing process. A huge variety of suturesare available for the medical purposes, e.g., bio active sutures, knot-less sutures, electronic sutures, drug-elutingsutures, anti-microbial sutures, and stem cells containing sutures. Sutures increase the capabilities to improve tissueapproximation and wound healing. Sutures with drug eluting property are the advanced type of sutures being used forsurgical purpose via delivery of drug to the specified area. Various new strategies develop the effectiveness of suturesto be used as physical entity to get better biologically active component which enables the delivery of various desirabledrugs and cells to the affected site. Ideal modified sutures should not only retain its mechanical integrity during thehealing process, but should also deliver the drugs loaded in it, in a controlled manner. These nano-structured fibers,produced by electrospinning and electrospraying techniques, offer tuneable release kinetics applicable to diversebiomedical applications. Drug eluting sutures lead to reduced surgical site infections, accelerated wound healing,reduced post-operative complications, and the most important thing is it reduces the need for supplement drugs. It willbe the biggest achievement if we get the desired concentration and effect of the loaded drug in these sutures withoutaffecting its mechanical properties. This can be achieved by enhancing/modifying the control release approaches. Thecurrent review gives updated information on recent advances in drug eluting sutures.
ABSTRACT
Aim: Present study includes the development and evaluation of superporous hydrogel composites of acrylamide using starch silicone dioxide coprecipitate (SSC) as composite agent. Methodology: Gas blowing method was used for synthesis of superporous hydrogels. Different ingredients were mixed in specified amount in test tube and foaming agent was added at last. Simultaneous foaming and gelation lead to formation of porous hydrogel networks. Effect of different treatments (acetone dehydration and simulated gastric fluid (SGF) treatment) and drying conditions on the porous structure was evaluated. The prepared superporous hydrogels were evaluated for density, porosity, equilibrium swelling ratio, equilibrium swelling time, mechanical strength, scanning electron microscopy studies. The pure drug (Verapamil Hydrochloride) mixed with Carbopol 934 (1:0.5 and 1:1 ratio) was loaded into the selected batches of SPHC using in situ method of drug loading (drug added directly into the reaction mixture). The in vitro drug release was carried out using USP II dissolution apparatus. Results: Acetone dehydrated superporous hydrogel composites were observed as better floating devices due to least density and maximum porosity values. Maximum swelling ratio was found in case of oven dried conventional superporous hydrogel and superporous hydrogel composites with equilibrium swelling time of more than 25 min. On the other hand, acetone dehydrated SPH showed less equilibrium swelling ratio with equilibrium swelling time of 5-10 min. Minimum swelling ratio was observed in case of SGF treated hydrogels with equilibrium swelling time of 15-19 min. Mechanical strength was improved by addition of starch silicone dioxide coprecipitate as composite agent. SGF treatment also leads to enhanced mechanical strengthbut compromised swelling characteristics. SEM images showed uniformity in pore structure in case of acetone dehydrated hydrogels. Acetone dehydrated SPHC showed sustained drug release behavior with 71.14% and 57.84% of verapamil released in 12 h in the batches with Drug: Carbopol 934ratio of (1:0.5 and 1:1) respectively. Conclusion: Acetone dehydrated SPHC were found to be promising formulations with sufficient swelling and mechanical properties for achieving sustained drug delivery.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: the purpose of this research was to formulate taste masked complexes of cefuroxime axetil and to evaluate them for taste, drug loading and characterized by FTIR, XRD. Tablets were formulated of selected batches and evaluated for drug release and physical parameters. METHODS: complexation technique is used to prepare complexes of drug where ion exchange resins such as Indion® 214, Indion® 234 and Indion® 414 were used with a drug-resin ratio of 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2. The drug resinates were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy, DSC and X-Ray Diffraction pattern and evaluated for drug loading and taste. Direct compression method was used to formulate tablets. In vitro dissolution was carried out using USP II apparatus. RESULT: potential taste masking increased with increasing concentration of resin. Indion® 214 resin showed better taste masking effect as compared to Indion® 234 and Indion® 414. Percent of drug loading was maximum at drug : resin ratio of 1:1, after that it decreased. Prolonged (upto 5 h) and slow drug release was observed with resin 214 at higher concentration. CONCLUSIONS: out of three resins chosen, Indion® 214 at higher concentration exhibit excellent taste masking as well as sustained drug release action.
OBJETIVO: el objetivo de esta investigación fue formular los complejos con sabor amargo de cefuroxime acetil y evaluarlos por sabor, carga medicamentosa y caracterización por FTIR, XRD. Las tabletas fueron formuladas a partir de lotes seleccionados y evaluados en busca de la liberación medicamentosa y parámetros físicos. MÉTODOS: la técnica de complejación se utilizó para preparar complejos farmacológicos donde las resinas de intercambio iónico como Indion® 214, Indion® 234 y el Indion® 414 se emplearon a una proporción resina-medicamento de 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2. Los resinados medicamentosos fueron caracterizados mediante espectroscopia infrarroja, DSC y el patrón de difracción-rayos-X, y evaluados para determinar la carga medicamentosa y el sabor. El método de compresión directa fue empleado para formular las tabletas. Se efectuó una disolución in vitro utilizando el equipo USP II. RESULTADOS: el posible enmascaramiento del sabor aumentó con la creciente concentración de resina. La resina Indion® 214 mostró el mejor enmascaramiento del gusto amargo en comparación con Indion® 234 e Indion® 414. El porcentaje de carga medicamentosa fue máximo en el fármaco: proporción de la resina 1:1, después disminuyó. Se observó una liberación medicamentosa prolongada (hasta 5 h) y lenta con la resina 214 a una mayor concentración. CONCLUSIONES: de las 3 resinas escogidas, Indion®214 a una mayor concentración muestra un excelente enmascaramiento del sabor así como una mantenida acción liberadora del fármaco.