ABSTRACT
Background@#In the field of dentistry, topical anesthetics play an important role in reducing pain during needle pricks. The anesthetic property of betel leaves remain unexplored, even though they have been widely used for the treatment of various ailments. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate pain perception following topical application of lignocaine gel, clove gel, ice, and newly developed betel leaf extract gel during intraoral injection in children. @*Methods@#Sixty children aged 6-10 years who met the inclusion criteria were divided into four groups. Topical anesthetic agents, 2% lignocaine (Lox-2% Jelly, Neon, Mumbai, India), 4.7% clove gel (Pain Out Dental Gel, Colgate Palmolive India Ltd, Solan, India), 10% betel leaf extract gel, and ice were applied to each group for one min, followed by administration of infiltration anesthesia. Pain perception was analyzed during needle insertion.The Wong Bakers FACES pain rating scale (WBFPRS) was used for subjective assessment and the Sound, Eye, Motor (SEM) scale for objective assessment. Recorded values were tabulated and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis using SPSS software with a P value set at 0.05. @*Results@#The clove oil and betel leaf groups demonstrated the highest WBFPRS scores, followed by the ice and lignocaine groups. The clove, betel leaf extract, and ice groups showed equal and highest SEM scores, followed by the lignocaine group. The mean WBFPRS and mean SEM scores were statistically significant. @*Conclusion@#Betel leaf extract gel is effective in reducing pain and can act as an alternative topical anesthetic agent.
ABSTRACT
Background@#In the field of dentistry, topical anesthetics play an important role in reducing pain during needle pricks. The anesthetic property of betel leaves remain unexplored, even though they have been widely used for the treatment of various ailments. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate pain perception following topical application of lignocaine gel, clove gel, ice, and newly developed betel leaf extract gel during intraoral injection in children. @*Methods@#Sixty children aged 6-10 years who met the inclusion criteria were divided into four groups. Topical anesthetic agents, 2% lignocaine (Lox-2% Jelly, Neon, Mumbai, India), 4.7% clove gel (Pain Out Dental Gel, Colgate Palmolive India Ltd, Solan, India), 10% betel leaf extract gel, and ice were applied to each group for one min, followed by administration of infiltration anesthesia. Pain perception was analyzed during needle insertion.The Wong Bakers FACES pain rating scale (WBFPRS) was used for subjective assessment and the Sound, Eye, Motor (SEM) scale for objective assessment. Recorded values were tabulated and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis using SPSS software with a P value set at 0.05. @*Results@#The clove oil and betel leaf groups demonstrated the highest WBFPRS scores, followed by the ice and lignocaine groups. The clove, betel leaf extract, and ice groups showed equal and highest SEM scores, followed by the lignocaine group. The mean WBFPRS and mean SEM scores were statistically significant. @*Conclusion@#Betel leaf extract gel is effective in reducing pain and can act as an alternative topical anesthetic agent.
ABSTRACT
Oral hygiene, saliva and its constituents have crucial role in the development of dental caries. AIM: To correlate the Total Antioxidant Level (TAL), pH and Flow Rate (FR) of unstimulated saliva with caries. DESIGN:sixty children aged 6-13 years attended to the department of Pedodontics were selected. Caries Active (CA, n=30) and Caries Free (CF, n=30). METHODOLOGY: Salivary antioxidant level estimated by Phosphomolybdenum method, pH by digital pH meter and FR measured in milliliter/minute. RESULTS:Total antioxidant level was significantly high in CA(0.19) than CF children (0.08), pH (CA: 5.96, CF: 7.13) and FR (CA: 0.32 ml/min, CF: 0.42 ml/min) were less in caries active and more in free group. CONCLUSION: Higher level of total antioxidant level, lower level of pH and FR among caries active children can be used as a caries risk indicator