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1.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 52(4): 27-32, out.-dez. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831611

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da disfagia na qualidade de vida (QV) de indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson (DP) através do instrumento recomendado para essa população. MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo pacientes com diagnóstico de DP. Todos os participantes foram submetidos à avaliação fonoaudiológica de deglutição com as consitências sólida (pão francês) e líquida (água), responderam ao PDQ-39 e tiveram o estadiamento da DP classificado pela escala de Hoehn &Yahr. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 31 indivíduos com DP, sendo 21 (67,7%) do gênero masculino. A média de idade foi 59,6 anos (± 11,3), variando de 38 a 79 anos e o tempo doença desde o diagnóstico foi, em média, 9,8 (±4,8) anos. A disfagia esteve presente em 74,2% dos indivíduos avaliados e na correlação entre o PDQ-39 total e a presença de disfagia houve significância apenas no domínio estigma. CONCLUSÃO: Em indivíduos com DP avaliados através do PDQ-39 não fica evidente o impacto da disfagia na percepção de QV dessa população.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of dysphagia on the overall quality of life (QOL) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) through the tool recommended for this population. METHODS: The study included 31 patients diagnosed with PD. All participants underwent clinical assessment of swallowing the solid consistency (French bread) and liquid (water), answered to the PDQ-39 and had the staging of PD classified by Hoehn & Yahr scale. RESULTS: We evalueted 31 subjects with PD, 21 (67.7%) were male. The mean age was 59.6 years (± 11.3), ranging from 38 to 79 years and the disease time since diagnosis was on average 9.8 (± 4.8) years. Dysphagia was present in 74.2% of the individuals and the correlation between the PDQ-39 the presence of dysphagia was significant only in stigma domain. CONCLUSION: In patients with PD assessed by PDQ-39 is not evident the impact of dysphagia on the perception of overall QoL of this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Time Factors , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sickness Impact Profile , Gagging
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 18(5): 507-511, Sep-Oct/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723075

ABSTRACT

Introduction: A population-based survey conducted in Brazilian capital cities found that only 16% of the population had ever been tested for hepatitis C. These data suggest that much of the Brazilian population with HCV infection remains undiagnosed. The distribution of age ranges at diagnosis and its association with the degree of hepatitis C are still unknown in Brazilian patients. Material and methods: Patients with HCV infection, diagnosed by HCV RNA (Amplicor-HCV, Roche), were included in the study. Patients with HBV or HIV coinfection, autoimmune diseases, or alcohol intake > 20 g/day were excluded. HCV genotyping was performed by sequence analysis, and viral load by quantitative RT-PCR (Amplicor, Roche). The METAVIR classification was used to assess structural liver injury. The Chi-square (χ2) test and student's t-test were used for between-group comparisons. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used for analysing the correlation between parameters. Results: A total of 525 charts were reviewed. Of the patients included, 49.5% were male, only 10% of the patients were aged less than 30 years; peak prevalence of HCV infection occurred in the 51-to-60 years age range. Genotype 1 accounted for 65.4% of the cases. Information on HCV subtype was obtained in 227 patients; 105 had subtype 1a and 122 had 1b. According to the degree of structural liver injury, 8.3% had F0, 23.4% F1, 19.8% F2, 11.9% F3, and 36.5% F4. Age at diagnosis of hepatitis correlated significantly with fibrosis (rs = 0.307, p < 0.001). The degree of fibrosis increased with advancing age. Only age at diagnosis and fasting blood glucose were independently associated with disease stage. Those patients with subtype 1a had higher prevalence of F2–F4 than those with subtype 1b. Conclusion: In Brazil, diagnosis of hepatitis C is more commonly established in older patients (age 45–60 years) with more advanced disease. Reassessment of strategies ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/virology , Age Factors , Genotype , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , RNA, Viral , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors , Viral Load
3.
Cad. psicol. soc. trab ; 15(1): 135-152, jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688891

ABSTRACT

A cidade de Santo Antônio do Monte é considerada o 2º maior polo mundial de produção de fogos de artifício, sendo a pirotecnia a principal atividade econômica da região. Entretanto, o trabalho na indústria pirotécnica tem suscitado sérias preocupações das entidades sindicais e dos pesquisadores, bem como dos trabalhadores e suas famílias. Os acidentes de trabalho nesse setor são, geralmente, fatais ou mutilantes, havendo, ainda, registros de doenças relacionadas ao trabalho. Por isso, neste estudo almejou-se analisar as repercussões do processo de produção de fogos de artifício sobre a saúde e segurança desses trabalhadores. Os estudos da Psicopatologia do Trabalho e da tradição francesa de análise ergonômica constituíram as principais referências deste estudo. Para a realização desta pesquisa, utilizou-se uma estratégia metodológica pluridimensional, que reuniu e articulou dados estatísticos, empíricos (fatos clínicos, relatos, observações) e documentais. Os resultados revelam que os trabalhadores estão sujeitos a acidentes decorrentes do exercício de funções para as quais não foram adequadamente treinados, bem como a uma atividade penosa e nociva, geradora de lesões por esforço repetitivo (LERs) e doenças osteomusculares relacionadas ao trabalho. As mulheres que trabalham nesse setor também enfrentam o assédio sexual praticado por prepostos dos empregadores.


The town of Santo Antonio do Monte is deemed to be the 2nd largest center of fireworks production in the world, and pyrotechnics is the region's main economic activity. However, the work in the pyrotechnic industry has raised serious concerns from labor unions and researchers, as well as the workers and their families. Labor accidents in this sector are usually fatal or mutilating, and there're also reports of labor-related diseases. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the repercussions of the fireworks production process on these workers' health and safety. Studies on the Psychopathology of Work and those based on the French tradition of ergonomic analysis provided the main references for this study. To carry out this research, we used a pluridimensional methodological strategy, which gathered and connected statistical, empirical (clinical facts, reports, observations), and documental data. The results show that workers are exposed to accidents resulting from the performance of jobs for which they haven't been properly trained, as well as to a painful and harmful activity, which causes repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) and workrelated musculoskeletal diseases. Women who work in this sector also face sexual harassment practiced by their employer's representatives.


Subject(s)
Ergonomics/psychology , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Mental Health/ethnology , Psychology, Social/trends
4.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 39(3): 579-584, July-Sept. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-494553

ABSTRACT

A wide variety of opportunistic pathogens has been detected in the tubing supplying water to odontological equipment, in special in the biofilm lining of these tubes. Among these pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections, is frequently found in water lines supplying dental units. In the present work, 160 samples of water, and 200 fomite samples from forty dental units were collected in the city of Barretos, State of São Paulo, Brazil and evaluated between January and July, 2005. Seventy-six P. aeruginosa strains, isolated from the dental environment (5 strains) and water system (71 strains), were tested for susceptibility to six antimicrobial drugs most frequently used against P. aeruginosa infections. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, followed by meropenem was the predominant profile. The need for effective means of reducing the microbial burden within dental unit water lines is emphasized, and the risk of exposure and cross-infection in dental practice, in special when caused by opportunistic pathogens like P. aeruginosa, are highlighted.


Uma ampla variedade de patógenos oportunistas tem sido detectadas nos tubos de alimentação de água dos equipos odontológicos, particularmente no biofilme formado na superfície do tubo. Entre os patógenos oportunistas encontrados nos tubos de água, Pseudomonas aeruginosa é reconhecida como uma das principais causadoras de infecções nosocomiais. Foram coletadas 160 amostras de água e 200 amostras de fomites em quarenta clinicas odontológicas na cidade de Barretos, São Paulo, Brasil, durante o período de Janeiro a Julho de 2005. Setenta e seis cepas de P. aeruginosa, isoladas a partir dos fomites (5 cepas) e das amostras de água (71 cepas), foram analisadas quanto à susceptibilidade à seis drogas antimicrobianas freqüentemente utilizadas para o tratamento de infecções provocadas por P. aeruginosa. As principais suscetibilidades observadas foram para a ciprofloxacina, seguida pelo meropenem. A necessidade de um mecanismo efetivo para reduzir a contaminação bacteriana dentro dos tubos de alimentação de água dos equipos odontológicos foi enfatizada, e o risco da exposição ocupacional e infecção cruzada na prática odontológica, em especial quando causada por patógenos oportunistas como a P. aeruginosa foi realçado.


Subject(s)
Biofilms , Disease Susceptibility , Drug Resistance, Microbial , In Vitro Techniques , Pseudomonas Infections , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Environment , Methods , Virulence , Water Samples
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 44(2): 178-184, abr.-jun. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-465721

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Revisar a importância da resistência insulínica no desenvolvimento da hepatite C crônica e sua interferência na resposta ao tratamento antiviral de pacientes infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C. FONTE DE DADOS: Revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos publicados pelo MEDLINE e dados dos próprios autores. SÍNTESE DE DADOS: Nos últimos anos, grande número de publicações tem demonstrado importante associação entre resistência insulínica e hepatite C crônica. Aumento na prevalência de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, desenvolvimento de esteatose hepática (principalmente nos pacientes com infecção pelo genótipo não-3), progressão mais rápida da doença e redução na taxa de resposta virológica sustentada ao tratamento com interferon peguilado e ribavirina, têm sido todos associados à presença de resistência insulínica nos pacientes infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C. A produção aumentada de fator de necrose tumoral pelo core do vírus da hepatite C é o principal mecanismo responsável pelo aparecimento da resistência insulínica. O fator de necrose tumoral afetaria a fosforilação do substrato do receptor de insulina diminuindo a captação de glicose e acarretando hiperinsulinemia compensatória. Aumento da siderose hepática e alterações dos níveis circulantes das adipocitocinas podem ter efeito adicional sobre a sensibilidade à insulina na hepatite C crônica. CONCLUSÕES: O diagnóstico e o tratamento da resistência insulínica nesses pacientes podem não só evitar o aparecimento das complicações, mas também prevenir a progressão da doença e, possivelmente, aumentar a taxa de resposta virológica sustentada ao tratamento com interferon peguilado e ribavirina.


OBJECTIVE: To revise the importance of insulin resistance in the development of chronic hepatitis C and its interference in the response to the antiviral treatment of these patients. DATA SOURCE: Bibliographic revision of published papers in the MEDLINE and the authors data. DATA SYNTHESIS: In the last years several published papers have demonstrated an important relationship between insulin resistance and chronic hepatitis C. Increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the development of hepatic steatosis (specially in non-3 genotype), a more rapid progression of hepatic disease and reduction in the sustained virological response to treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin have been associated with insulin resistance in patients infected with HCV. The mechanism implied in the insulin resistance is the enhanced production of tumor necrosis factor by the HCV core. Tumor necrosis factor affects insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation, resulting in decreased glucose uptake and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Increased liver iron accumulation and modification in the levels of adipocytokinemia can have an additional effect on insulin sensitivity in chronic C hepatitis. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosing and treating insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C could not only avoid complications but also prevent disease progression and increased the sustained virological rate to treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavarin.


Subject(s)
Humans , /etiology , Fatty Liver/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Insulin Resistance , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Fatty Liver/physiopathology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Hepatitis C, Chronic/physiopathology , Interferon-alpha , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use , Ribavirin/therapeutic use
6.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 49(2): 67-72, Mar.-Apr. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-449790

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The main extra-hepatic manifestation of hepatitis C is mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). The aim of this study was to evaluate its prevalence among patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), to correlate its presence to host and virological variables and to the response to combined therapy with interferon-alpha and ribavirin. CASUISTIC AND METHODS: 202 CHC naive patients (136 with chronic hepatitis and 66 with cirrhosis) were consecutively evaluated for the presence of cryoglobulins. Cryoprecipitates were characterized by immunoelectrophoresis and classified according to the Brouet's criteria. RESULTS: The prevalence of MC was 27 percent (54/202), and 24 percent of them (13/54) showed major clinical manifestation of the disease. Even though type III MC was more frequent (78 percent), symptomatic MC was more common in type II MC. The presence of cirrhosis (RR = 2.073; IC95 percent = 1.029 - 4.179; p = 0.041), and age of the patients (RR = 1.035; IC95 percent = 1.008 - 1.062; p = 0.01) were independently associated with the presence of cryoglobulins. No relationship was found with viral load and genotype. 102 patients were treated with interferon alpha and ribavirin. Among these, 31 had MC. Sustained virological response (around 30 percent) was similar in patients with and without MC (p = 0.971). CONCLUSION: MC represents a prevalent complication in patients with CHC, specially older and cirrhotic patients. Only 24 percent of these patients show clinical manifestation of the disease, specially those with type II MC. The presence of MC did not affect the response to therapy.


INTRODUÇÃO: A crioglobulinemia mista (CM) representa importante complicação extra-hepática da hepatite C. Nesse estudo avaliamos sua prevelência em pacientes com hepatite C crônica (HCC) e relacionamos sua presença com aspectos clínicos e resposta ao tratamento com interferon alfa e ribavirina. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: 202 pacientes consecutivos com HCC (136 com hepatite crônica e 66 com cirrose) foram avaliados para a presença de CM. Os crioprecipitados foram caracterizados por imunoeletroforese e classificados de acordo com BROUET et al. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de CM nessa população foi de 27 por cento (54/202), e, desses, 24 por cento (13/54) apresentaram manifestações clínicas maiores da doença. Embora MC tipo III tenha sido a forma mais freqüentemente encontrada, a doença sintomática foi mais comum entre os pacientes com MC tipo II. A presença de cirrose (RR = 2,073; IC95 por cento = 1,029 - 4,179; p = 0,041) e a idade do paciente (RR = 1,035; IC95 por cento = 1,008 - 1,062; p = 0,01) estiveram independentemente associadas à presença de CM. Não houve associação entre a presença de CM e genótipo ou carga viral do vírus C. No total, 102 pacientes foram tratados com interferon alfa e ribavirina. Desses, 31 apresentavam CM. A resposta virológica sustentada (em torno de 30 por cento) não diferiu entre pacientes com e sem CM (p = 0,971). CONCLUSÃO: CM é uma freqüente complicação na HCC, especialmente em pacientes com idade avançada e com cirrose hepática. Apenas 24 por cento desses pacientes apresentam manifestações clínicas da doença, sendo mais freqüentes entre portadores de CM tipo II. A presença de crioglobulinemia não afetou a resposta virológica ao tratamento com interferon alfa e ribavirina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cryoglobulinemia/virology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Logistic Models , Prevalence
7.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 10(2): 78-81, Apr. 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-431977

ABSTRACT

The combined therapy with interferon alfa plus ribavirin (INF+RBV) is considered the most appropriate treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes 2 and 3 in Brazil. However, wide variations in the rates of sustained viral response (SVR) have been reported among such patients. We evaluated, retrospectively, factors associated with SVR in subjects with chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes 2 and 3 and that received medication from the Health Secretariat of the state of São Paulo. One-hundred-seventy-seven consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated for 24 or 48 weeks according to the viral genotype. Patients co-infected with associated hepatic diseases or who had problems with alcohol abuse were excluded. The genotype of the HCV-RNA was identified through restriction analysis, the viral load through quantitative PCR (Amplicor, Roche) and the degree of hepatic fibrosis according to the Metavir score. Demographic, virological and histological parameters were submitted to binary logistic regression analysis to identify the variables associated with SVR. The overall rate of SVR was 36.4 percent for the 177 patients, and genotype 2 or 3 was the main parameter independently associated with SVR. Among the 77 patients with these viral genotypes, only the stage of fibrosis had a significant effect on the SVR (odds ratio (OR) = 3.035; 95 percent CI (confidence interval) = 1.196-7.699; p=0.019). The rate of SVR among the subjects with fibrosis at an advanced stage (F3-F4) was 38 percent, compared to 75 percent for patients with fibrosis at an initial stage (F0-F2). Consequently, other therapeutic options should be considered for patients with genotypes 2 and 3 who have advanced fibrosis.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use , Liver Cirrhosis/virology , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Drug Therapy, Combination , Genotype , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , Logistic Models , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Retrospective Studies , RNA, Viral/analysis , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome , Viral Load
8.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 33(1): 59-65, mar. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-345350

ABSTRACT

Partindo-se do pressuposto que a avaliação da qualidade para a organização e o funcionamento dos serviços de saúde não deva estar restrita a variáveis tecnicistas e finnaceiras, mas que contemple o respeito dos direitos do paciente, procurou-se conhecer e analisar a manifestação da autonomia de idosos hospitalizados, baseada nas informações que possuem sobre seu estado de saúde, através da pesquisa de suas expectativas, compreesão sobre o direito à informação e a utilização deste para a deliberação e o consentimento esclarecido às propostas diagnósticas e terapêuticas envolvidas na assistência à sua saúde...


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Advocacy , Aged Rights , Hospitalization , Bioethics
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