Osteogenic potential of different chalcones in an in vivo model: a preliminary study

Aim. To evaluate the osteogenic potential of chalcones using the rat critical size calvarial defect. Methods. The chalcones were synthesized from acetophenone following the Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation method by varying the substituted benzaldehydes (3,4-Cl; 4-Cl; 4-CH3; 4-OCH3, H). The five chalcone molecules were evaluated in three concentrations (1 percent, 5 percent and 10 percent) in comparison to control and vehicle (Vaseline) groups. The results of the remaining wound areas were calculated statistically by the ANOVA method followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test and the histological sections were analyzed qualitatively by light microscopy. Results. All molecules at 10 percent concentration showed significant bone closure compared to the control, vehicle and chalcone groups at 1 percent concentration (p<0.01). Active osteoblasts were observed on the repair surfaces in all groups treated with chalcones. Treatment with the C5 molecule at concentration of a 10 percent resulted in greater bone neoformation compared to the other molecules, with features of secondary bone observed. Conclusion. The chalcones evidenced a dose-dependent osteogenic potential and C5 was more effective in bone repair

Avaliação do comportamento de ratos alojados em caixas de cores diferentes / Evaluation of the behavior of rats housed in boxes of different colors

A adequação do ambiente físico quanto aos hábitos da espécie em relação ao bem-estar animal e o refinamento das pesquisas, ultimamente vem ganhando importância investigativa. Com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento de ratos alojados em caixas de diferentes cores, utilizaram-se 48 animais machos com 3 meses de idade divididos em seis grupos, sendo que três grupos foram alojados em caixas brancas e outros três em caixas pretas, durante 4 semanas. Empregando-se o labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE), os resultados mostraram maior tempo de permanência nos braços fechados dos animais alojados nas caixas brancas. No teste do campo aberto (CA), houve maior ambulação do grupo mantido em caixas pretas, e na esquiva inibitória, os dados indicaram um aumento significativo no tempo de permanência na plataforma do grupo alojado em caixas pretas. Assim, os animais alojados em gaiolas de cor preta apresentaram maior tendência exploratória (menor ansiedade) e melhor aprendizado.

Lately, the adequacy of a physical ambient to the specie’s habits relating to their well being and refined researches is getting important for researchers. With the aim of evaluate the behavior of rats housed in boxes of different colors, it was used 48 male animals, with 3 months of age, divided in 6 groups, three groups in white boxes and the other three in black boxes, for 4 weeks. Observing on the elevated plus maze, the results showed that the animals from white boxes stayed more time in the closed arms. On the open field test, there was more walking of the group kept in Black boxes, and on the inhibitory avoidance, data indicated a significant increase on the time spent on the platform by the group housed in the black boxes. Thus, the animal housed in Black cages have shown a greater exploratory tendency (decreased anxiety), and better learning.