ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effects of willed movement on neurological performance and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) pathway in rats following focal cerebral ischemia.Methods Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in 144 male SpragueDawley rats using intraluminal sutures,and they were randomly divided into a control group,a swimming exercise group,an environment modification group,and a willed movement group.The observation time points were at 7,15 and 30 days after reperfusion.A behavioral test was performed to evaluate any neurological deficiency.Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence were used to detect the ERK and CREB responses in terms of mRNA and phosphorylated ERK (pERK) and phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) protein in the peri-ischemic brain tissue.Results The climbing frequency of the willed movement group was significantly higher than that of the environment modification group.Three days after reperfusion the neurological deficit scores of all groups began to decrease,and that of the willed movement group had decreased significantly more than in the other three groups at all time points.ERK/CREB mRNA and pERK and pCREB protein expression were dramatically up-regulated in the willed movement group at 7,15 and 30 days after reperfusion,significantly more than in the other three groups.Conclusions Willed movement may promote motor recovery by up-regulating and activating the ERK/CREB pathway following focal cerebral ischemia.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the efficacy of drugs combined with rehabilitation training in the treatment of schizophrenia and the influence on social function. Methods:Totally 160 cases of schizophrene were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the admission time sequence with 80 ones in each. The control group was treated with medicines, and the observation group was given labor skills training, life skills training and health education additionally. The treatment course was 8 weeks. Before and after the treatment, brief psychiatric rating scale ( BPRS) and inpatient rehabilitation efficacy rating scale ( IPROS) were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy and social function of the two groups, and the score changes and curative effect in the two groups were compared. Results:After the treatment, BPRS and IPROS in the two groups were significantly decreased from the fourth week ( P0. 05), while BPRS and IPROS of ef-fective rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion:Drugs combined with rehabilitation training in the treatment of schizophrenia patients can improve mental symptoms, social life ability and cognitive function, which is better than drug treatment alone.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the effects of chlorpromazine,olanzapine and ziprasidone on cognitive function of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods A total of 120 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into chlorpromazine group(n =38),olanzapine group(n =41) and ziprasidone group(n =41).The patients were subjected to the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS),Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),Personal and Social Function of Scale (PSP) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-RC) assessment respectively,before and after treatment for 12 weeks.Results After treatment for 12 weeks,the score of BPRS significantly decreased in three groups compared with that before treatment [F (5,41) =6.49,P ＜ 0.05].After treatment for 12 weeks,the results of WCST [F (5,47) =18.30,P ＜ 0.05],PSP [F (5,47) =10.02,P ＜ 0.05] and WAIS-RC [F(5,47) =6.74,P ＜ 0.05] test in ziprasidone and olanzapine group were better than that of chlorpromazine group.Conclusion Chlorpromazine,olanzapine and ziprasidone could improve the cognitive function and mental syndrome of patients with chronic schizophrenia.In addition,the effect of ziprasidone and olanzapine was better than chlorpromazine.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate whether iron mass induces HO-1 overexpression and explore the role of HO-1 in rat intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Methods In this study,144 hydrated chloride aldehyde-anesthetized Sprague- Dawley rats were used,autologous blood were injected into the right caudate nucleus to establish the ICH model.Saline injection and health were served as controls.Deferoxamine(DFO)with an intraperitoneal injection served as intervention group.Enhanced Perl's reaction was used for iron staining and brain iron deposits were determined.Brain HO-1 level were examined by immunohistochemical analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results There was a 21-fold increase in iron deposits around the hematoma 7 days after the infusion of 100 μl of autologous blood.Markedly increased levels of perihematomal HO-1 immunoreactivity and HO-1 mRNA in all ICH rats were detected at 3-14 days.The addition of DFO significantly reduced iron deposits in the ipsilateral basal ganglia at 7-14 days after ICH.DFO also inhibited HO-1 overexpression at day 7,14.Correlations test showed that there were positive correlations of iron sediments with HO-1mRNA(r=0.647)and HO-1 immunopositive cells(r=0.209). Conclusions ICH causes iron accumulation in the brain.Iron overloading may induce HO-1 upregulation after ICH.Ratherly,the HO-1 moderate increasing possibly fits with the events,whereas HO-1 overexpression may result in its dysfunction.It may be prudent to intervene ICH with HO-1 inhibitor.
ABSTRACT
0.05).But aripiprazole produced fewer side effects than risperidone,such as extrapyramidal symptom,gain weight,disorder of menstruation.Conclusion:Aripiprazole is as effective as risperidone for the treatment of the initial schizophrenia and has fewer side effects.