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Occupational exposure to 1-bromopropane (1-BP) induces learning and memory deficits. However, no therapeutic strategies are currently available. Accumulating evidence has suggested that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and neuroinflammation are involved in the cognitive impairments in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study we aimed to investigate whether the noncompetitive NMDAR antagonist MK801 protects against 1-BP-induced cognitive dysfunction. Male Wistar rats were administered with MK801 (0.1 mg/kg) prior to 1-BP intoxication (800 mg/kg). Their cognitive performance was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The brains of rats were dissected for biochemical, neuropathological, and immunological analyses. We found that the spatial learning and memory were significantly impaired in the 1-BP group, and this was associated with neurodegeneration in both the hippocampus (especially CA1 and CA3) and cortex. Besides, the protein levels of phosphorylated NMDARs were increased after 1-BP exposure. MK801 ameliorated the 1-BP-induced cognitive impairments and degeneration of neurons in the hippocampus and cortex. Mechanistically, MK801 abrogated the 1-BP-induced disruption of excitatory and inhibitory amino-acid balance and NMDAR abnormalities. Subsequently, MK801 inhibited the microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in 1-BP-treated rats. Our findings, for the first time, revealed that MK801 protected against 1-BP-induced cognitive dysfunction by ameliorating NMDAR function and blocking microglial activation, which might provide a potential target for the treatment of 1-BP poisoning.
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Animals , Male , Brain , Metabolism , Pathology , Cognitive Dysfunction , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Dizocilpine Maleate , Pharmacology , Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists , Pharmacology , Hydrocarbons, Brominated , Inflammasomes , Metabolism , Maze Learning , Physiology , Microglia , Metabolism , Pathology , NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein , Metabolism , Neurons , Metabolism , Pathology , Nootropic Agents , Pharmacology , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate , Metabolism , Spatial Memory , Physiology , Specific Pathogen-Free OrganismsABSTRACT
Objective Blood trace and extraction is the important premising for forensic medicine appraisal reliability, this paper puts forward the blood trace and extraction method of using pyramidon. Methods Using pyramidon and benzidine to treat diluted fresh blood, and using Chelex-100 reagent treatment after the DNA in blood samples, and then applying the technology of PCR-STR and fluorescence detection test sample STR typing, observing the STR classification results and the detection sensitivity of DNA, comparing the different influence of two method on subsequent DNA - STR inspection. Results The pyramidon method can detect the minimum hemoglobin concentration is 25μg/mL,which was lower than 5μg/mL of the benzidine method. The results showed that the effective typing rate of the benzidine method was 18.09%, which was significantly lower than 96.67% of the method of the pyramidon method. The tail length of the detection group was 52.40±9.21, and the Oliva tail moment was 43.29±4.85%, and the tail intensity was 16.25±2.35, which was significantly higher than that of the pyramidon group (P < 0.01). Conclusions The sensitivity of the pyramidon method is moderate, and the influence of the following STR subtype and the nuclear DNA of the sample is significantly lower than that of benzidine, which can be used in the pre-experiment of blood stain in forensic medicine.
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Objective:To explore the application of pyrophosphorolysis-activated polymerization(PAP)to monitor plasma cfDNA in ad-vanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:A total of 85 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between March 2016 and June 2017 were enrolled in the present study. EGFR mutations in cfDNA extracted from the plasma were detected using PAP and ARMS-PCR technology.The concordance analysis of EGFR mutations involved plasma vs.tumor tissue and PAP vs.ARMS-PCR.Further-more,38 EGFR-positive patients were selected to monitor EGFR mutations with PAP.Results:No statistical differences in EGFR muta-tions were observed between plasma and tumor tissue(P=0.092),as well as PAP and ARMS-PCR(P=0.210).The detection rate of EGFR mutations in cfDNA was higher in the progressor than in the non-progressor(62.5% vs.21.3%,P<0.001).Conclusions:PAP can be used for detecting and monitoring EGFR mutations in cfDNA to predict disease progression.
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Objective To observe the application of mtDNA COI genes in common sarcosaphagous flies species identification. Methods 30 sarcosaphagous fly samples were indentified by morphological method which collected in different regions belonging to 2 families, 4 genera and 6 species. MtDNA was extracted for the PCR amplification reaction in COI gene. The PCR products were purified through agar gel electrophoresis and sequenced. Sequences of 498 bp in COI gene were disposed by multiple-alignment software of DNAMAN. Sequences divergence of 498 bp between and within species of COI gene were processed by software of MEGA. Results It was showed that there is a certain sequence differences between the 30 samples from 6 species. The intraspecific and interspecific divergence of sequence variation ranged from 0.1% to 1.6% and 2.2% to 11.2% respectively. All the species can be identified successfully by this method. Conclusion Species identification of sarcosaphagous flies can be conducted by sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree of COI gene. This method can be effectively used in fast and accurate identification in forensic entomology.
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BACKGROUND:Nano-hydroxyapatite as a surface modification material that is bonded to the surface of the zirconia ceramics upon sintering at high temperature can improve bone-inducing activity and bone bonding strength of the zirconia ceramics. Moreover, the sintering temperature is crucial for performance and bonding of the composite. OBJECTIVE:To detect the shear strength of nano-hydroxyapatite ceramics coating bonded to zirconia ceramics at different sintering temperatures. METHODS:Nano-hydroxyapatite slurry was prepared using sol/gel technology. Thereafter, 20 zirconium green bodies were coated with nano-hydroxyapatite slurry and randomly divided into four groups. Then, the specimens were put into non-pressure sintering furnace and sintered at 1 300, 1 400, 1 500, and 1 550℃, respectively. At last, we measured the shear strength of al the specimens after sintering by universal testing machine, and analyze the type of fractures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the rising of sintering temperature, the shear strength of the specimens was gradualy increased, and there were significant differences between the four groups [(4.04±1.19), (6.60±0.95), (16.51±1.93), (80.47±19.31) MPa,P < 0.05]. Within the scope of 1 550℃, the sintering temperature was positively relative to the shear strength of specimens. These findings indicate that in the certain temperature range, the higher the sintering temperature, the greater the shear strength of the bonding interface between zirconia and nano-hydroxyapatite. When the sintering temperature is 1 550℃, the shear strength of the bonding interface is the highest.
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Dental composite resin is a kind of material which has been widely used in dental restoration. Research has found that the influence of residual monomer on the material mechanical, chemical and biological properties cannot be ignored. This paper elaborates these harms of residual monomers. The effects of resin matrix, inorganic filler and initiating system, illumination, secondarily treatment on the degree of conversion were also analyzed. The paper also discusses the effective measures to increase the conversion, and offers theoretical basis for the clinical application and development of composite resin.
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Humans , Acrylic Resins , Composite Resins , Light , Polymers , PolyurethanesABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the operation in the treatment of postoperative re-hemorrhage after splenec-tomy with periesophagogastric devascularization for advanced schistosomiasis. Methods Forty-three re-hemorrhage patients,who received varicose ligation combined with pericardial devascularization through left thoracic cavity with esophageal incision from Oc-tober 2002 to October 2011,after splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization due to portal vein hypertension,were in-vestigated retrospectively and followed up for 1 to 9 years. Results Forty-three re-hemorrhage patients operated included 27 cas-es of selective operation and 16 cases of emergency operation. The mean follow-up time was 6.8 years. The hemostasis rate was 100%. 0ne died after the operation because of engaging in heavy labor,two had melena and were completely relived with the con-servative treatment,and all the rest had a good recovery. Conclusion The operation of varicose ligation combined with pericardi-al devascularization through left thoracic cavity with esophageal incision in the treatment of postoperative re-hemorrhage after sple-nectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization for advanced schistosomiasis has a satisfied efficacy.
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Objective To evaluate the curative effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)in the treatment of schistosomia-sis liver fibrosis portal hypertension combined with calculous cholecystitis. Methods The clinical data of 196 cases of schistoso-miasis liver fibrosis portal hypertension combined with calculous cholecystitis(Child A 160 cases,Child B 36 cases)treated with LC were collected and analyzed from June 2006 to June 2013. Results Among the 196 cases,there were 154 cases of schistoso-miasis liver fibrosis portal hypertension combined with chronic calculous cholecystitis,and 42 cases of schistosomiasis liver fibro-sis portal hypertension combined with acute calculous cholecystitis. Totally 189 patients underwent LC successfully,but 7 were transited to the general operation because of LC failure,including 3 cases of adhesion around gallbladder and ambiguous dissec-tion of gallbladder triangle,and 4 cases of intraoperative bleeding and the bleeding was difficult to stop under the laparoscopy. All the 196 patients were cured. Conclusion LC is effective and safe in the treatment of schistosomiasis liver fibrosis portal hyperten-sion combined with calculous cholecystitis.
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BACKGROUND:With the development of researches on periodontal disease etiology and neuroendocrine factors, the role of neuroendocrine factors on the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and tissue restoration has become a hot spot. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the biological effect of neuropeptides on periodontal tissues and the changes of periodontal tissue after nerve injury. METHODS:A computer-based search of articles was performed in CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases using the key words ofneuropeptides, calcitonin gene related peptide, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptide Y and periodontal tissuein Chinese and English. The included articles focused on the effect of various neuropeptides on periodontal tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Calcitonin gene related peptide, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and neuropeptide Y positive nerve fibers are widely distributed in periodontal support tissues. When sensory nerves are damaged, the target cel s in periodontal tissues are influenced due to changes of nerve fibers distribution and neuropeptide release. They also play a role in the reconstruction of alveolar bone, immune function of periodontal ligament and periodontal tissue. This evidence shows that neuroendocrine factors are closely linked with periodontal tissue. However, these studies concentrated in the animal models for orthodontic and fracture, the effect of the neurotransmitters such as neuropeptides on periodontal disease and the mechanisms need further exploration.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the marginal adaptation between the new nano-hydroxyapatite composite resin and tooth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty extracted healthy premolars were randomly assigned to three groups according to the material employed: New nano-hydroxyapatite composite resin (Group A), Karisma composite resin (Group B), and glass ionomer cement (Group C). After the thermal cycling, the teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye, and the depth of microleakage between the composite and tooth structure were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The microleakage depth of group A, B and C were (1.20+/-0.81), (1.94+/-0.70), and (1.73+/-0.54) mm, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found among the three groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the degree of microleakage (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a new dental restorative material, new nano-hydroxyapatite composite resin has good bonding performance to the tooth structure.</p>
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Humans , Composite Resins , Dental Leakage , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Durapatite , Glass Ionomer Cements , Resin CementsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of Kang' ai injection and Shenqifuzheng injection on liver function of patients with advanced primary liver cancer after being performed transcatheter arterial chemomembolization (TACE).Methods 120 patients with advanced primary liver cancer were randomly divided into three groups:a control group,a Kang'ai injection group,and a Shenqifuzheng injection group,with 40 patients in each group.All three groups were treated with TACE,and after TACE the control group was treated with anti-infection,inhibiting-acid,protecting-liver function and Shuganning tablets,20 ml/day.On this basis,the Kang'ai injection group was additionally injected with Kang'ai injection,40ml/day,and Shenqifuzheng injection group was additionally injected with Shenqifuzheng injection,250ml/day.All three groups were treated for 15 days.Liver function was tested and compared at the 3rd day,the 7th day and 14th day after TACE in all three groups.Results At the 14th day after TACE,ALT,AST,TBiL,and TBA of the Kang' ai group and Senqifuzheng group [(40.35 ± 10.10) μmol/L、(37.52 ± 10.57) μmol/L、(40.13 ± 8.36) μmol/L、(45.19 ± 19.65) μmol/L in Senqifuzheng group; (40.11 ±7.31) μmol/L,(34.99±9.38) μmol/L,(32.15±6.58) μmol/L,(40.75 ± 6.79) μmol/L in Kang'ai group] were greatly improved than the control group [(61.28 ± 13.38) μmol/L,(57.53 ± 13.36) μmol/L,(68.69± 7.25) μmol/L,(67.75 ± 17.88) μmol/L],with statistical significance (P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Kang'ai injiection and Shenqifuzhcng injection both can reduce liver function damage caused by TACE,thus they can be used together with TACE for treating advanced primary liver cancer.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of (CAG)n repeats length of androgen receptor (AR) among the patients with metastatic prostate cancer (TxNxM1),and to analyze their relevance to survival.Methods This study retrospectively investigated fifty-three metastatic prostate cancer patients aged 65 years (range 45-87) who were initially treated with endocrine therapy.The length of the (CAG) n repeats of blood samples was determined by both PCR sequencing and fragment analysis.The clinical significance of (CAG)n repeats and its correlation with biochemical progression free survival (bPFS)and overall survival (OS) were investigated.Results The median length of CAG repeats was 21,ranged from 14 to 32.According to the median (CAG)n repeats length,two groups were divided as (CAG)n ≤ 21and(CAG) n≥ 22.The median follow-up was 36 months.Patients with (CAG)n ≤ 21 had significantly shorter OS and bPFS than those with (CAG)n ≥ 22 (P ＜0.05).Shorter CAG repeats remained significant bPFS (HR 2.820,95％CI 1.466-5.427,P=0.002) and OS (HR 5.245,95％CI 1.293-21.27,P=0.020) predictor in multivariate analysis.Conclusions The efficacy of endocrine therapy for metastatic prostate cancer patients maybe influenced by the AR-CAG repeats length,and short (CAG) n repeats predict bad prognosis.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate hybrid operation for arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of the lower extremity.MethodsClinical data of 35 ischemic limbs in 32 ASO cases receiving hybrid operation from May,2007 to August,2009 were retrospectively analysed.The indications,clinical result,complications,perioperative mortality,vascular patency rate and limb salvage rate was evaluated.ResultsThirty-five ischemic limbs in 32 cases underwent hybrid operation. Procedures were successful in 94％ cases (33/35). The average postoperative ABI significantly increased from 0.49 ±0. 18 to 1.06 ± 0. 17 ( one day after surgery) or 0. 96 ± 0. 16 ( six months after therapy). One patient suffered limb amputation due to surgical failure, one case was complicated with cerebral infarction and the operation was terminated. No patient died in perioperative period. Twenty-six cases (28 ischemia limbs) were followed-up from 2 month to 28 months, the follow-up rate was 87％ (26/30). Vascular patency rate in 6 months after operation was 93％ (26/28), and limb salvage rate was 96％ (27/28). Two cases suffered from below-knee reocclusion 5 -6 months after therapy, and one of these two cases needed a limb amputation.ConclusionHybrid operation is the therapy of choice for multifocal lesions in arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities with a low risk and higher patency in short term.
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The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the induced periapical periodontitis in rat, and to shed light on the possible mechanism involved in root canal therapy. 48 Wistar rats with induced periapical periodontitis were randomly divided into 3 groups; their root canals of molar teeth were prepared; and the root canals were filled with SOD, CH, and nothing, respectively. At 1, 2, 3 and 5 weeks after operation, 4 animals were killed respectively. Periapical roentgenogram and periapical pathological slices were made. The results were analyzed statistically by F test and t test with SPSS12.0 software package. After root canal therapy, mild inflammatory infiltration was observed in SOD and CH groups at 1 week. At 2 weeks, periapical periodontitis was improved. After 3 weeks, there was no inflammatory cell observed in SOD/CH group. At 3 and 5 weeks, no significant difference in periapical radiographic findings was noted between the experimental groups and normal group (P > 0.05). The periapical radiographic lesion in control group was larger than that in SOD and CH groups (P < 0.01). The results showed that SOD could control periapical inflammation and induce the proliferation of dentin and cementum. Therefore, SOD might be an ideal biocompatible material for root canal therapy.
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Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Periapical Periodontitis , Drug Therapy , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Root Canal Irrigants , Superoxide Dismutase , PharmacologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) biomaterials compounded with secondary phase or multiphase materials have been widely used in the domain of stomatology, and there have been several reports regarding the application of compounded NHA with composite resin. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the application progress of NHA in the domain of stomatology, and to prospect the potential significance of NHA in the stomatology materials. METHODS: Databases of Pubmed, EBSCOhost and China Journal Full-text were retrieved to screen out the articles. Inclusion crteria: ①The articles possess originality and dependable point and evidence. ②The articles have conclusive viewpoint and allround analyses. ③The agents of articles contact with this review closely.Exclusion criteria:repetition research and independent literatures with this review. And 24 literatures in accordance with the standard were selected in this study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Many clinical application and animal experiments indicate that NHA has been extensively used in the oral surgery, endodontic, implantation and the other aspects, with the deeply research for combination of NHA and composite resin, NHA hopefully displays greater effectiveness in the stomatology materials.
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AIM In order to investigate whether resveratrol can be used as a kind of antiarrhythmic drug, the electrophysiological effect of resveratrol on pacemaker cells in sinoatrial node was studied. METHODS Using intracellular microelectrode technique to record the action potential of pacemaker cells in sinoatrial node of rabbits. RESULTS Resveratrol (30-120 μmol·L-1) significantly decreased amplitude of action potential, maximal rate of depolarization (Vmax), velocity of diastolic (phase 4) depolarization and rate of pacemaker firing, but did not affect maximal diastolic potential and duration of 90% repolarization of action potential. Pretreatment with L-type calcium channel agonist Bay-K-8644 (0.5 μmol·L-1) 10 min antagonized the effect of resveratrol (60 μmol·L-1). While applying cesium chloride (2 mmol·L-1), a hyperpolarization-activated current blocker, adding tetraethylammonium chloride (20 mmol·L-1), a potassium channel antagonist, or applying L-NAME (0.5 mmol·L-1), a NO synthase inhibitor, had no significantly influence on the electrophysiological effects of resveratrol. CONCLUSION Resveratrol exerts inhibitory electrophysiological effects on pacemaker cells in sinoatrial node of rabbits, which may be due to reduction in calcium influx via a NO-independent manner.
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Objective To clarify the role of protein kinase A (PKA),protein kinase C (PKC) and cyclin dependent kinase5 (CDK5) in the alterations of neurofialments (NFs) in 2,5-hexanedione (HD) induced toxic peripheral neuropathies. Methods HD was administrated to male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection at doses of 200 or 400 mg/kg,once a day,for 8 consecutive weeks. The relative contents of PKA,PKC,p35 precursor and CDK5 in spinal cord were determined by using SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting. Results In the cytosolic fraction of spinal cord,the levels of PKA and PKC in 400 mg/kg group significantly increased (P