Selection and appraisement of nucleic acid aptamers for castration resistant prostate cancer cells based on Cell-SELEX / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To screen nucleic acid aptamers that can specifically recognize castration-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC） cells by Cell-SELEX. 【Methods】 For Cell-SELEX selection， CRPC cell lines C4-2 were used as positive control cells， while androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell lines LNCap were used as negative control cells. The 5’end of the upstream primers was labeled with FITC， and the 5’end of the downstream primers was labeled with biotin. Single-stranded DNA （ssDNA） collected from each round of screening was used as template for PCR amplification and purification. The biotin-streptavidin magnetic bead separation was used to isolate PCR product for the next round of screening. The process of Cell-SELEX was analyzed by flow cytometry. ssDNA products of the last round were collected for PCR amplification， purification， cloning and DNA sequencing. The secondary structure of selected DNA aptamers was predicted. Dissociation constants of the two aptamers were calculated. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy were used to evaluate selective binding of aptamers to CRPC cells and tissues. 【Results】 The binding rate of DNA products to CRPC cells gradually increased with the increase of selection cycles， reaching the highest in the last round. DNA structure prediction analysis showed that the secondary structure of aptamers CRPC-1 and CRPC-2 was mainly stem-loop structure. Flow cytometry analysis and confocal images showed that both CRPC-1 and CRPC-2 could specifically target C4-2 cells. In addition， immunohistofluorescence assay showed that CRPC-1 could specifically target CRPC tissues. 【Conclusion】 Cell-SELEX can be used to screen aptamers that specifically target CRPC cells and tissues， which provides experimental basis for early screening and targeted diagnosis of CRPC. It is of significance for treatment plan adjustment and prognosis improvement of prostate cancer.

Clinical features of dermatomyositis and MRI diagnostic value / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the clinical features of dermatomyositis and diagnostic value of MRI. 【Methods】 The clinical and imaging data of 61 patients with dermatomyositis were analyzed retrospectively. 【Results】 Among the 61 patients， there were 15 males and 46 females with the average age of 45.3 years. The course of disease was 10 days to 12 years. All of them had different degrees of skin lesions， including 57 cases of myasthenia and or myalgia， 4 cases of dysphagia， 2 cases of dyspnea， and 2 cases of drinking water and coughing. There were 18 cases complicated with interstitial lung disease， 1 case complicated with Sjogren’s syndrome， 1 case complicated with arthritis， 1 case complicated with rhabdomyolysis， and 1 case complicated with kidney damage and liver insufficiency. MRI examination performed in 46 patients with dermatomyositis detected 43 cases of abnormal manifestations， 41 cases of muscle inflammatory edema， 37 cases of subcutaneous adipose tissue edema， and 40 cases of myofascitis. 【Conclusion】 The clinical manifestations of dermatomyositis are complex and have certain imaging features. Combined with the laboratory examinations of muscle enzymes and autoantibodies， electromyography， skin and muscle biopsy， they can provide clinical diagnostic evidence. MRI is an important means to diagnose and evaluate the extent and progression of dermatomyositis.

The value of synthetic MRI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of synthetic MRI methods in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods:Clinical and imaging data of 93 breast patients confirmed by pathology in the Second Affifiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from May 2019 to April 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent synthetic MRI technique, and the quantitative parameters of T 1, T 2, and proton density (PD) values were measured. Independent samples t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to compare the differences in clinical and imaging characteristics between the benign and malignant breast lesions. ROC curve was used for the comparison of the diagnostic efficacy of the quantitative parameters in differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions. Results:Of the 93 patients with breast lesions, 62 cases were malignant and 31 cases were benign. The quantitative T 2 values for benign and malignant lesions were 103 (93, 126)ms and 83 (77, 90)ms respectively, and the quantitative PD values were 87.7 (72.7, 96.7)pu and 73.5(63.3, 79.4)pu respectively. There were statistically significant differences between benign and malignant lesion( P<0.05). Taking quantitative T 2 values of 90.5 ms and PD values of 84.8 pu as the cut-off value, the area under the ROC curve in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 0.87 and 0.75, accuracy values were 80.6% and 78.5%, specificity values were 87.1% and 54.8%, sensitivity values were 77.4% and 90.3% respectively. Conclusion:Synthetic MRI methods can be applied in the examination of breast lesions and has the potential to be an effective diagnostic method for the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions of breast.

Clinical features and imaging diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the clinical features and the imaging diagnosis value of tuberous sclerosis. 【Methods】 We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and imaging findings of 22 patients with tuberous sclerosis clinically diagnosed in our hospital. 【Results】 There were 12 male and 10 female patients, with the mean age of 7.3 years. Among them, 2 patients had a family history; 3 had unclear symptoms and the rest 19 ones except 1 had facial skin rashes for two years, which led to seek for medical help, and the other 18 had epilepsy attack, including 4 with mental retardation. All the 22 patients had characteristic subependymal nodules, including 21 patients with multiple abnormal changes in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres. There were 12 cases with abnormal skin appearance, 2 cases accompanied by facial cortical adenoma, 1 case with right subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, 1 case with bilateral ependymoma, 1 case with Dandy-Wallker malformation, 1 case with right renal duplication, 2 cases with renal hamartoma, 1 case with multiple renal nodules, 1 case with congenital patent ductus arteriosus, 2 cases with cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 case with multiple hepatic hamartoma, and 2 cases with multiple sclerotin sclerosis changes. 【Conclusion】 The clinical manifestations of tuberous sclerosis are complex and variable, and there are certain imaging characteristics associated with multi-organ involvement. Familiarity with the characteristics and imaging manifestations of lesions in various systems can make the clinical diagnosis more concise and accurate.

Kaiser score for diagnosis of breast lesions presenting as non-mass enhancement on MRI / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Kaiser score for breast lesions presenting as non-mass enhancement.@*METHODS@#We collected data from patients with breast lesions presenting as non-mass enhancement on preoperative DCE-MRI between January, 2014 and June, 2019. All the cases were confirmed by surgical pathology or puncture biopsy. With pathology results as the gold standard, we evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of Kaiser score and MRI BI-RADS classification and the consistency between the diagnostic results by the two methods and the pathological results.@*RESULTS@#A total of 90 lesions were detected in 88 patients, including 28 benign lesions (31.1%) and 62 malignant lesions (68.9%). For diagnosis of the lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of Kaiser Score were 100%, 75%, 89.9%, 100% and 92%, as compared with 93.5%, 46.4%, 79.5%, 76.5% and 78.9% of MRI BI-RADS, respectively. The diagnostic specificity of Kaiser score was significantly higher than that of BI-RADS classification (=0.021).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The Kaiser score system provides a diagnostic strategy for BI-RADS classification of breast lesions with non-mass enhancement and has a better diagnostic efficacy than BI-RADS classification alone. The use of Kaiser score can significantly improve the diagnostic specificity of such breast lesions for inexperienced radiologists.

Comparative study of dualGsource CT coronary angiography and ultrasonic cardiogram on left ventricular function / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of dualGsource CT coronary angiography in evaluation of left ventricular function.Methods A total of 5 5 patients with clinically suspected coronary heart disease in our hospital were enrolled.All patients underwent dualGsource CT coronary angiography and ultrasonic cardiogram.The measured values and correlation of the indicators of left ventricular function in dualGsource CT coronary angiography and ultrasonic cardiogram were analyzed.Results Pearson correlation analysis showed that dualGsource CT coronary angiography and ultrasonic cardiogram were highly correlated in left ventricular function measurements (r＝ 0.607－0.840,P＜0.05);The paired sample t test showed that there were no significant differences in the ej ection fraction (EF) and endGdiastolic volume (EDV)between two methods.Conclusion DualGsource CT coronary angiography is reliable in the quantitative evaluation of left ventricular function.The "oneGstop"acquiring of coronary stenosis degree and cardiac function index can provide more diagnostic information to clinic.

Correlation of MRI findings and molecular subtypes of non-mass enhancement breast cancer / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyze the correlation between the molecular subtypes of non-mass enhancement (NME)breast cancer and MRI findings.Methods A retrospective analysis of MRI images and clinicopathological data of 62 patients with NME breast cancer who received 3.0T breast MRI multimodal scan from January 201 5 to June 201 9 was conducted.Molecular subtypes were classified by immunohistochemical staining.The differences between MRI findings of NME breast cancer and molecular subtypes were compared by ch-i square test and Fisher exact probability method,and the correlation between them was analyzed by cross contingency table.Results The differences of molecular subtypes of NME breast cancer in the internal enhancement and peritumoral edema were statistically significant (P＜0.05),while the differences in the TIC,lesion distribution type and peritumoral vascular were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion Luminal A type was less prone to peritumoral edema in NME breast cancer.Luminal B type was mainly heterogeneous enhancement. HER-2 overexpression type and triple negative type are mainly clustered ring enhancement,and prone to peritumoraledema.Different molecular subtypes of NME breast cancer have certain MRI characteristics,which is expected to provide a non-invasive evaluation for the preoperative treatment of NME breast cancer.

CT characteristics of myocardial fat infiltration and dysfunction in the left ventricle / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the distribution characteristics of myocardial fat infiltration and to analyze the function of the left ventricle (LV).Methods The images of patients who performed coronary CT angiography (CTA)in Siemens DSCT were reviewed retrospectively.The imaging characteristics and location of myocardial fat infiltration were recorded and the LV function was analyzed by Siemens Syngo.via software.Results Totally 4 477 patients were enrolled in this study.Among them,myocardial fat infiltration of the LV was found in 94 (accounting for 2.1%)patients.The fat infiltration was mainly located underlying the endocardium,including the inferior,anterior,lateral and posterior walls of the LV,as well as the inferior part of the interventricular septum.The enhancement image showed low intensity in the myocardium with fat infiltration.Conclusion The characteristics of myocardial fat infiltration can be well displayed by DSCT,as well as the LV function.DSCT can provide both morphological and functional information of the heart via one scan.

Application of MR diffusion tensor imaging in rats with spinal cord inj ury in early stage / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)in the evaluation of diffuse microstructural changes in early stage of spinal cord injury (SCI)in rats.Methods Improved Allen's method was used to make SCI in rats model.The rats were divided in the group of four as control,mild,moderate and severe injury groups respectively.We used DTI parameters [fraction anisotropy (FA)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)]values to observe the spinal cord at different stages (6,24 and 72 hours) after spinal injury in the rats.Results The FA value of the spinal cord began to decrease at 6 hours and reached the lowest at 24 hours after SCI (P<0.05).There were significant differences in FA values between mild,moderate,and severe injury groups (P<0.05). However,ADC value was seen decreased only in the severe injury group,which was lowest at 24 hours after SCI(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with ADC value,FA value can better reflect the severity of spinal cord injury in rats with acute SCI.FA values are correlated with the degrees of injury of spinal cord.

MR TRICKS technique application in lower extremity venous diseases of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (MR-TRICKS)in the assessment of lower extremity venous lesions in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS).Methods Image data of 20 patients (total 21 affected limbs)diagnosed with KTS in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent MR-TRICKS angiography and ascending phlebography of the lower extremities.The images acquired by these two methods were graded and compared.Kappa test was used to examine the consistency between the results of two inspection methods.Results The image quality of MR-TRICKS angiography and ascending phlebography graded on excellent proportion were 85.71％(18/21)and 80.95％(17/21)for the deep veins,95.24％(20/21)and 90.48％(19/21)for the superficial veins,and 90.48％(19/21)and 85.71％(18/21) for venous malformation,respectively.MR-TRICKS demonstrated that the deep veins were normal in 61.90％ (13/21),hypogenetic in 25.57％(7/21),atretic in 4.86％(1/21).Superficial vein diseases including varicosis of the great saphenous vein accounted for 25.57％(6/21), varicosis of the small saphenous vein accounted for 14.29％ (3/21 ),while marginal veins in venous malformation accounted for 100％ (21/21).Ascending phlebography of the lower limbs showed that the deep veins were normal in 57.14％(12/21)and dysplasia in 39.10％(8/21),while the other results were consistent with those of TRICKS.Consistency between results from the two methods were excellent (Kappa >0.75).Conclusion MR-TRICKS can accurately describe the angioarchitecture of the lower extremity vena in patients with KTS,and has an important clinical value in providing support for the assessment and treatment of KTS.

MR TRICKS technique application in lower extremity venous diseases of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (MR-TRICKS)in the assessment of lower extremity venous lesions in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS).Methods Image data of 20 patients (total 21 affected limbs)diagnosed with KTS in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent MR-TRICKS angiography and ascending phlebography of the lower extremities.The images acquired by these two methods were graded and compared.Kappa test was used to examine the consistency between the results of two inspection methods.Results The image quality of MR-TRICKS angiography and ascending phlebography graded on excellent proportion were 85.71％(18/21)and 80.95％(17/21)for the deep veins,95.24％(20/21)and 90.48％(19/21)for the superficial veins,and 90.48％(19/21)and 85.71％(18/21) for venous malformation,respectively.MR-TRICKS demonstrated that the deep veins were normal in 61.90％ (13/21),hypogenetic in 25.57％(7/21),atretic in 4.86％(1/21).Superficial vein diseases including varicosis of the great saphenous vein accounted for 25.57％(6/21), varicosis of the small saphenous vein accounted for 14.29％ (3/21 ),while marginal veins in venous malformation accounted for 100％ (21/21).Ascending phlebography of the lower limbs showed that the deep veins were normal in 57.14％(12/21)and dysplasia in 39.10％(8/21),while the other results were consistent with those of TRICKS.Consistency between results from the two methods were excellent (Kappa >0.75).Conclusion MR-TRICKS can accurately describe the angioarchitecture of the lower extremity vena in patients with KTS,and has an important clinical value in providing support for the assessment and treatment of KTS.

Clinical and CT manifestations of iatrogenic hepatic subcapsular biloma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical and CT manifestations of iatrogenic hepatic subcapsular biloma (HSB).Methods Seven cases with iatrogenic HSB confirmed by paracentesis in our hospital,and 18 reported in literatures were enrolled into this study.Their clinical and CT manifestations were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 25 cases,9 were secondary to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC),5 were secondary to percutaneous transhepatic choleductus drainage (PTCD),4 were secondary to percutaneous transhe-patic removal of bile duct stones,2 were secondary to open cholecystectomy,and 5 were secondary to other surgeries.CT showed localized or diffused hepatic subcapsular fluid collection with crescent-shaped or sac-shaped.The hepatic volume decreased and the surface was compressed in some of the cases with diffused fluid collection.Conclusion When localized or diffused hepatic subcapsular fluid collection was detected in CT imaging after liver or gallbladder surgeries (especially LC and PTCD),HSB should be considered.Paracentesis should be performed as soon as possible.

Study on application value of DWI and DTI in the early diagnosis of cerebral infarction / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the application values of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)in the early diagnosis of cerebral infarction.Methods 1 2 1 patients with single side cerebral infarction were di-vided into five groups by disease time,the brain examination was performed by conventional MRI,DWI and DTI in every case.The le-sions were observed and compared in different sequences imaging.Mean diffusivity(MD)and fractional anisotropy(FA)values of cere-bral infarction lesions and the symmetrical positions in normal hemispheres were measured and compared.The correlations between relative MD(rMD)value,relative FA(rFA)value and disease time were analyzed.Results The display rate on DWI in showing ultra-acute and acute cerebral infarction lesions was 100%,which was superior to that on other sequences of conventional MRI obviously (P0.05).MD value was higher at early chronic and late chronic phase(P0.05),but at the later separate phases,FA values reduced successively(P<0.001).The rMD value of infarction lesions was positive correlated with disease time(rs=0.990,P<0.001).The rFA value of infarction lesions was negative correlated with disease time(rs=-0.994,P<0.001). Conclusion DWI is susceptive in showing cerebral infarction lesions at hyper-early phase.DTI can be used to determine the clinical phase and appraise the inj ured extent of cerebral infarction accurately by measuring the parameters.Combination of DWI and DTI can provide a basis for clinical individual treatment programs selection and prognostic evaluation.

CT Diagnosis of Atypical Meningioma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore CT diagnosis of atypical meningioma .Methods 18 cases of atypical meningioma were undergone MR plan scans, among them,17 cases were examined by CT contrast scans. All cases were proved by operation and pathology.Results The tumors appeared as mixed density in 11 cases,cystic in 4 cases,complete enhancement in 3 cases.Conclusion The tumors to be comfirmed at external cerebra is the key in diagnosing atypical meningioma exactly by CT.Atypical manifestations can be seen in a few meningiomas,therefore, it is significant in differential diagnosis of meningioma.