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1.
J. vasc. bras ; 22: e20230014, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448580

ABSTRACT

Resumo Contexto Os fatores de risco para aterosclerose podem ter influência distinta nas doenças cardiovasculares, impactando também no território da doença arterial periférica (DAP). Objetivos Estudar a influência dos diferentes fatores de risco para a aterosclerose na distribuição anatômica da DAP em pacientes com isquemia crítica crônica de membros (ICCM). Métodos Foi realizado um estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, incluindo 476 doentes internados devido à ICCM por DAP. Foram estudados, comparativamente, os pacientes com DAP dos três distintos territórios anatômicos (aortoilíaco, femoropoplíteo e infragenicular) em relação à presença dos fatores de risco para a aterosclerose (idade, gênero, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo e hipertensão arterial). A análise multivariada foi realizada para testar a associação entre os fatores de risco e a distribuição anatômica da DAP. Resultados A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 69 anos, 249 (52%) eram homens, e 273 (57%), diabéticos. Predominaram os pacientes na Categoria 5 da Classificação de Rutherford (353/74%). Na análise multivariada, as mulheres tiveram chance 2,7 (IC: 1,75-4,26) vezes maior de doença do território femoropoplíteo. Os doentes tabagistas tiveram 3,6 (IC: 1,54-8,30) vezes maior risco de doença do território aortoilíaco. Diabéticos apresentaram 1,8 (IC: 1,04-3,19) vezes maior chance de obstrução apenas do território infragenicular. Conclusões O estudo mostrou que gênero, diabetes mellitus e tabagismo influenciam no padrão de distribuição da DAP em pacientes com ICCM. Os doentes diabéticos apresentaram maior chance de doença isolada do território infragenicular, as mulheres tiveram maior risco de DAP do território femoropoplíteo e os tabagistas possuem maior chance comprometimento aortoilíaco.


Abstract Background Atherosclerosis risk factors can have different impacts on cardiovascular diseases and on the anatomical distribution of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Objectives To study the influence of atherosclerosis risk factors on the anatomical distribution of PAD in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods We performed an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study that included 476 hospitalized patients with CLTI due to PAD. We compared the presence of atherosclerosis risk factors (age, gender, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypertension) in patients with PAD involving three different anatomic areas (aortoiliac, femoropopliteal, and infrapopliteal). Multivariate analysis was performed to identify associations between atherosclerosis risk factors and PAD distribution. Results The mean age of the 476 patients was 69 years, 249 (52%) were men, and 273 (57%) had diabetes. Seventy-four percent (353) had minor tissue loss. Multivariate analysis identified three risk factors associated with PAD anatomical distribution (gender, smoking, and DM). Women had a 2.7 (CI: 1.75-4.26) times greater chance of having femoropopliteal disease. Smokers had a 3.6-fold (CI: 1.54-8.30) greater risk of aortoiliac disease. Diabetic patients were 1.8 (CI: 1.04-3.19) times more likely to have isolated infrapopliteal occlusive disease. Conclusions The study showed that gender, DM, and smoking impact on the anatomical distribution of PAD in patients with CLTI. Diabetic patients were more likely to have only infrapopliteal disease, women had a greater risk of femoropopliteal PAD, and smokers had a greater risk of aortoiliac occlusive disease.

2.
J. vasc. bras ; 16(4): f:329-l:334, out.-dez. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-880837

ABSTRACT

A doença aterosclerótica das carótidas extracranianas pode resultar em complicações com alta morbidade e mortalidade. A avaliação pré-operatória com exames contrastados de imagem é associada a complicações como a parotidite, além das já bem conhecidas reações alérgicas e da disfunção renal. A bifurcação carotídea alta e a doença aterosclerótica de extensão cranial costumam ser fatores limitantes para o tratamento cirúrgico convencional. Entretanto, quando há contraindicação ao uso de contraste iodado ou impossibilidade do tratamento endovascular, há a necessidade do conhecimento de técnicas cirúrgicas que permitam a realização da endarterectomia com segurança. A subluxação da mandíbula se mostrou uma técnica adjuvante segura e efetiva, de fácil execução e reprodutibilidade, possibilitando o acesso a bifurcações carotídeas altas com boa exposição do campo cirúrgico e permitindo a realização da endarterectomia conforme a técnica padrão. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente com bifurcação carotídea alta e com limitações para uso do contraste iodado que foi submetida a endarterectomia carotídea após subluxação de mandíbula


Atherosclerotic disease of the extracranial carotid arteries can cause complications with high morbidity and mortality rates. The contrast imaging examinations used in preoperative evaluation are associated with complications such as parotitis, in addition to well-known allergic reactions and renal dysfunction. A high carotid bifurcation or atherosclerotic disease that extends distally are often limiting factors for conventional surgical treatment. However, when iodinated contrast is contraindicated or endovascular treatment is not feasible, knowledge of surgical techniques that allow safe endarterectomy is required. Subluxation of the mandible has proven to be a safe and effective adjuvant technique that is easy to perform and reproducible, providing access to high carotid bifurcations with good exposure of the surgical field and allowing endarterectomy to be performed with a standard technique. We present the case of a patient with a high carotid bifurcation and limitations for use of iodinated contrast who underwent carotid endarterectomy after subluxation of the mandible


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Carotid Artery Diseases/complications , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnosis , Contrast Media , Mandible , Parotitis , Angioplasty/methods , Carotid Arteries , Echocardiography/methods , Endarterectomy/methods , Jaw Fixation Techniques , Ultrasonography/methods
3.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. [105] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-871533

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O colo dos aneurismas da aorta abdominal infrarrenal é o principal local de interação entre a parede aórtica e as próteses utilizadas no seu tratamento, pela técnica aberta ou endovascular. A dilatação do colo no acompanhamento pósoperatório, levando a falhas no tratamento, demonstra a importância de um colo confiável para um reparo eficiente em longo prazo. OBJETIVOS: Determinar as propriedades biomecânicas e histológicas do colo do aneurisma da aorta abdominal infrarrenal, comparando os resultados com as propriedades da aorta suprarrenal e da parede anterior do aneurisma. MÉTODOS: Dezesseis aneurismas da aorta abdominal infrarrenal encontrados em necrópsia foram removidos e dissecados em laboratório. A anatomia original dos aneurismas foi restabelecida com o auxílio de um balão complacente inserido na luz dos espécimes, sendo que aneurismas com um colo mais curto que 10 mm foram excluídos. Fragmentos transversais similares da parede anterior do aneurisma, do colo e da aorta suprarrenal foram obtidos com o auxílio de um dispositivo de corte apropriado. Testes de tração uniaxiais destrutivos foram realizados para a obtenção das seguintes propriedades biomecânicas: tensão, estresse, energia de deformação e deformação no momento da falência, além da medida da espessura dos fragmentos. A análise histológica destes fragmentos consistiu na quantificação das fibras colágenas, elásticas e espessura da camada média. RESULTADOS: Em doze aneurismas rotos e quatro não rotos, a análise biomecânica dos fragmentos de tecido arterial não demonstrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os valores médios das propriedades biomecânicas de falência (tensão, estresse, energia de deformação e deformação), assim como para a espessura nos três segmentos estudados. O percentual de colágeno para o colo foi significativamente menor que na parede dos aneurismas (p = 0,010) e não foi significativamente diferente da aorta suprarrenal (p = 0,155). A elastina...


INTRODUCTION: The neck of the infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm is the principal site of interaction between the aortic wall and the devices used in the repair of these aneurysms, by open or endovascular technique. Postoperative aneurysm neck dilation leading to aneurysm exclusion failures demonstrates the importance of a reliable neck for the long-term efficient repair. OBJECTIVE: To access the biomechanical and histological properties of the infrarenal aortic aneurysm neck, comparing the results with the properties of the suprarenal aorta and the anterior wall of the aneurysm. METHODS: Sixteen infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms found in necropsies were removed and dissected in laboratory. The original anatomy of the aneurysms was restored with the aid of a compliant balloon inserted in the specimens lumen and aneurysms with a neck shorter than 10 mm were excluded. Similar transverse fragments from the anterior aneurysm wall, aneurysm neck, and suprarenal aorta were obtained with the aid of a cutting device. Uniaxial destructive tensile tests were performed to obtain the following biomechanical properties: tension, stress, strain energy and strain at the moment of fragment failure, and the thickness of the fragments. Histological analysis was performed with the quantification of collagen and elastin, and middle layer thickness in these three fragments. RESULTS: In twelve ruptured and four unruptured aneurysms, the biomechanical analysis of the fragments showed no statiscally signicant differences between the mean values of the biomechanical properties (tension, stress, strain energy and strain), as well as the thickness of the fragments in the three groups. The percentage of collagen in the neck was significantly lower than in the aneurysm wall (p = 0,010) and was not significantly different from the suprarenal aorta (p = 0,155). Higher percentage of elastin was present in the neck (p < 0,001) and in the suprarenal aorta (p < 0,001) when compared to...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal , Aortic Diseases , Autopsy , Biomechanical Phenomena , Histology , Stress, Mechanical
4.
Clinics ; 69(6): 420-425, 6/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-712705

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe our early experience in the treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms with bifurcated endografts. We report on our initial twelve-month experience using this approach. METHODS: Clinical data on patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms treated at a single tertiary center in Brazil were prospectively recorded. The eligibility for endovascular treatment was evaluated by computed tomography scanning and anatomical features were determined based on the method of treatment. RESULTS: From February 2012 to January 2013 (12 months), 28 consecutive patients (mean age 67.2 years, range 45-85 years) underwent treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms at our hospital. Eighteen patients (64.3%) were suitable for and underwent endovascular treatment with bifurcated endografts (16 patients) or aortouniiliac endografts (two patients). Ten patients who were considered unsuitable for endograft repair underwent open repair. Seven patients were classified as hemodynamically unstable (Endovascular, 5; Open, 2), and 21 were classified as stable (Endovascular, 13; Open, 8). The overall 30-day mortality rate associated with endovascular treatment was 27.8% (stable, 18.7%; unstable, 40%) and the rate associated with open repair was 50% (stable, 37.5%; unstable, 100%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the suitability of patients for endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms was high and the overall results of endovascular treatment remain encouraging. Indeed, bifurcated endografts are a feasible option for treating anatomically eligible ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation , Follow-Up Studies , Prospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
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