Application value of modified magnetic bead screening for enrichment of cell-free fetal DNA from maternal peripheral blood in non-invasive prenatal testing / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of modified magnetic bead screening for enrichment of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).Methods:This study retrospectively recruited 31 cases with low concentration of cffDNA (<6.00%), Z value in the gray zone (3.00-4.00) at the first detection, or false-positive (confirmed by invasive prenatal diagnosis) or false-negative (confirmed by postnatal chromosome test) results among 11 000 pregnant women who underwent routine NIPT in Beijing Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from October 2017 to December 2019. Plasma samples collected for the first-time routine NIPT were used to enrich cffDNA using modified magnetic beads for NIPT (modified NIPT). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the modified NIPT with the routine NIPT in detecting the cffDNA concentrations of male fetuses.Results:Among the 31 pregnant women, there were 13 cases with low cffDNA concentration in routine NIPT, 11 having false-positive results in the routine NIPT (three for trisomy 13, four for trisomy 18 and four for trisomy 21, all were confirmed by invasive prenatal diagnosis), six with gray-zone Z values in the first-time NIPT (retesting indicating low risk) and one having false negative result for trisomy 21 (confirmed by postnatal chromosome test). Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments less than 150 bp were effectively enriched using the modified magnetic bead screening and the concentration of cffDNA was increased from 4.43% (2.45%-17.61%) in routine NIPT to 13.46% (7.75%-36.64%) in the modified NIPT ( Z=-14.22, P<0.01). Results of the modified NIPT indicated that 13 cases with low cffDNA concentration of routine NIPT were successfully detected as low risk, as well as the risks in the six cases with gray-zone Z value and six of the 11 false-positive cases in the routine NIPT were low, which were consistent with the retest results of the routine NIPT, while high risk was found in one false-negative case. Conclusions:The modified NIPT could reduce the false positive rate by lowering the failure rate caused by low concentration of cffDNA and is able to identify false-negative cases. Compared with the routine NIPT, it shows a higher success rate and a lower false positive rate.

Remote ischemic conditioning-induced hyperacute and acute responses of plasma proteome in healthy young male adults: a quantitative proteomic analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Long-term remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been proven to be beneficial in multiple diseases, such as cerebral and cardiovascular diseases. However, the hyperacute and acute effects of a single RIC stimulus are still not clear. Quantitative proteomic analyses of plasma proteins following RIC application have been conducted in preclinical and clinical studies but exhibit high heterogeneity in results due to wide variations in experimental setups and sampling procedures. Hence, this study aimed to explore the immediate effects of RIC on plasma proteome in healthy young adults to exclude confounding factors of disease entity, such as medications and gender.@*METHODS@#Young healthy male participants were enrolled after a systematic physical examination and 6-month lifestyle observation. Individual RIC sessions included five cycles of alternative ischemia and reperfusion, each lasting for 5 min in bilateral forearms. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 5 min after RIC, and 2 h after RIC, and then samples were processed for proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method.@*RESULTS@#Proteins related to lipid metabolism (e.g., Apolipoprotein F), coagulation factors (hepatocyte growth factor activator preproprotein), members of complement cascades (mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 isoform 2 precursor), and inflammatory responses (carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain precursor) were differentially altered at their serum levels following the RIC intervention. The most enriched pathways were protein glycosylation and complement/coagulation cascades.@*CONCLUSIONS@#One-time RIC stimulus may induce instant cellular responses like anti-inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis balancing, and lipid metabolism regulation which are protective in different perspectives. Protective effects of single RIC in hyperacute and acute phases may be exploited in clinical emergency settings due to apparently beneficial alterations in plasma proteome profile. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of long-term (repeated) RIC interventions in preventing chronic cardiovascular diseases among general populations can also be expected based on our study findings.

Re-evaluation of systematic reviews of acupuncture and moxibustion for childhood autism / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To re-evaluate the systematic review/Meta-analysis of acupuncture and moxibustion for childhood autism (CA), aiming to provide decision-making basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.@*METHODS@#The systematic review and/or Meta-analysis of acupuncture and moxibustion for CA were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The retrieval time was from the database establishment to May 5th, 2022. PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) was used to evaluate the report quality, and AMSTAR 2 (a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews 2) was used to evaluate the methodological quality, bubble map was used to construct the evidence map and GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of evidence.@*RESULTS@#A total of 9 systematic reviews were included. The PRISMA scores ranged from 13 to 26. The report quality was low, and there was a serious lack in the aspects of program and registration, search, other analysis and funding. The main problems in methodology included not making prespecified protocol, incomplete retrieval strategy, not providing a list of excluded literatures, and incomplete explanation on heterogeneity analysis and bias risk. The evidence map showed that 6 conclusions were valid, 2 conclusions were possible valid and 1 conclusion was uncertain valid. The overall quality of evidence was low, and the main factors leading to the downgrade were limitations, followed by inconsistency, imprecision and publication bias.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture and moxibustion has a certain effect for CA, but the quality of reporting, methodology and evidence in included literature need to be improved. It is suggested to perform high-quality and standardized research in the future to provide evidence-based basis.

Analysis of current status and influencing factors of lactation initiation delay in women with vaginal delivery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate cases of delayed lactation initiation in women with transvaginal delivery and the influencing factors, in order to provide a basis for effective control of delayed lactation initiation and promotion of breastfeeding.Methods:Inpatients who were admitted to the obstetric ward of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from November 6, 2020 to January 16, 2021 were selected for the study using convenience sampling method and investigated by general information questionnaire and Chindbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing delayed lactation initiation.Results:The incidence of delayed lactation initiation in 622 women with transvaginal delivery was 38.75% (241/622). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age 20-35 years, full-term delivery, labor and delivery, use of labor analgesia, and good experience of transvaginal delivery were protective factors for delayed lactation initiation ( OR values were 0.012 to 0.868, all P<0.05); age >35 years, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, presence of pregnancy complications, use of induction of labor during delivery, long labor process, and damage to perineal skin after delivery were risk factors for delayed lactation initiation ( OR values were 1.097 to 13.235, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The high incidence of delayed lactation initiation in women with transvaginal delivery is influenced by a number of factors, which reminds the clinic that lactation in women after transvaginal delivery also needs to be taken into account, with priority assessment and prevention for those who are elderly (age≥35 years), primiparous, have other diseases during pregnancy, have gained too much weight during pregnancy, have preterm delivery, have a long duration of labor, have not received labor analgesia, have had a single or combined induction of labor, have had an episiotomy or perineal laceration during labor, and have a poor transvaginal delivery experience.

Advance in the relationship between allergic rhinitis and ADHD in children / 国际儿科学杂志

In recent years, more and more researchers at home and abroad have realized that there is a certain relationship between allergic rhinitis(AR) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in children.Children with AR had higher ADHD related symptom scores than healthy children; ADHD children have a significantly increased risk of allergic diseases, such as asthma, eczema and atopic dermatitis.At present, it has been clear that they have the common characteristics of increasing prevalence year by year, genetic tendency, environmental and neuropsychological factors, and similar clinical manifestations.However, there is no final conclusion whether they are mutual cause and effect or comorbidities.This artide reviews the similarities between AR and ADHD in epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations and drug treatment, so as to further explore the correlation between AR and ADHD.

Seed oil of Brucea javanica induces apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in acute lymphocytic leukemia Jurkat cells / 中国天然药物

Brucea javanica oil emulsion (BJOE) has been used to treat tumor in China for more than 40 years. However, its components and effectiveness in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its mechanism of anti-cancer activity remain unknown. In the current study, high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) was used to analyze the components of BJOE. Then, the anti-leukemia effects of BJOE were examined both in vitro and in vivo using ALL Jurkat cells and the p388 mouse leukemia transplant model, respectively. The primary ALL leukemia cells were also used to confirm the anti-leukemia effects of BJOE. The apoptotic-related results indicated that BJOE induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells and were suggestive of intrinsic apoptotic induction. Moreover, BJOE inhibited Akt (protein kinase B) activation and upregulated its downstream targets p53 and FoxO1 (forkhead box gene, group O-1) to initiate apoptosis. The activation of GSK3β was also involved. Our findings demonstrate that BJOE has anti-leukemia effects on ALL cells and can induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells through the phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K) /Akt signaling pathway.

Study on the effects and mechanism of Linc01278 on the biological behavior of prostate cancer cells / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (Linc01278) on the proliferation, invasion and migration, and tumor phenotype of prostate cancer cells.Methods:Prostate cancer tissues and corresponding normal tissues adjacent to the cancer were obtained in 46 patients with prostate cancer confirmed by the hospital from Dec. 2018 to Dec. 2019. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression levels of Linc01278 and miR-145 in prostate cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. The prostate cancer PC-3 cells were transfected with plasmids and cells were divided into four groups: blank group, control group, overexpression group and rescue group. The blank group was not given any treatment; the control group was transfected with blank control vector and miRNA Control; the overexpression group was transfected with Linc01278 overexpression vector and miRNA Control; the rescue group was transfected with Linc01278 overexpression vector and miR-145 mimics. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the binding site of Linc01278 to miR-145. Dual Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay was used to analyze the adsorption of Linc01278 on miR-145; Transwell experiment was used to detect the invasion and migration ability of the four groups of cells; CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell proliferation ability of the four groups of cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of OCT4 and SOX2 in the four groups of cells; qPCR was used to detect the expression of OCT4, SOX2 and miR-145 in the four groups of cells.Results:Compared with adjacent normal tissues, Linc01278 was significantly higher in prostate cancer tissues (adjacent normal tissues: 0.012±0.002 vs prostate cancer tissues: 0.022±0.002, P=0.0072) , while miR-145 was significantly lower (adjacent normal tissues: 0.117±0.011 vs prostate cancer tissues: 0.081±0.007, P=0.0005) . Correlation of both was negative significantly ( P=0.0012) . Targetscan analysis revealed that the 804-825 position of the Linc01278 transcript had a complementary base pairing with miR-145. The results of the double luciferase reporter gene showed that miR-145 mimics could significantly reduce the luciferase activity of Linc01278 ( P<0.01) . Compared with the blank group and the control group, the invasion and migration cells, the relative proliferation ability, the expression of Oct4 and Sox2 mRNA and protein were significantly increased, and the expression of miR-145 was significantly decreased in the overexpression group ( P<0.05) . While compared with the overexpression group, the invasion and migration cells, the relative proliferation ability, Oct4 and Sox2 were significantly decreased in the rescue group, and the expression of miR-145 was significantly increased ( P<0.01) . Conclusion:Linc01278 may promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells by specifically adsorbing miR-145.

Rationale and Study Design for a Single-Arm Phase IIa Study Investigating Feasibility of Preventing Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events in High-Risk Patients with Acute Non-disabling Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events Using Remote Ischemic Conditioning / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Acute minor ischemic stroke (AMIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a common cerebrovascular event with a considerable high recurrence. Prior research demonstrated the effectiveness of regular long-term remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) in secondary stroke prevention in patients with intracranial stenosis. We hypothesized that RIC can serve as an effective adjunctive therapy to pharmacotherapy in preventing ischemic events in patients with AMIS/TIA. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of daily RIC in inhibiting cerebrovascular/cardiovascular events after AMIS/TIA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter Phase IIa futility study with a sample size of 165. Patients with AMIS/TIA receive RIC as an additional therapy to secondary stroke prevention regimen. RIC consists of five cycles of 5-min inflation (200 mmHg) and 5-min deflation of cuffs on bilateral upper limbs twice a day for 90 days. The antiplatelet strategy is based on individual physician's best practice: aspirin alone, clopidogrel alone, or combination of aspirin and clopidogrel. We will assess the recurrence rate of ischemic stroke/TIA within 3 months as the primary outcomes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The data gathered from the study will be used to determine whether a further large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled Phase II trial is warranted in patients with AMIS/TIA.</p><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03004820; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03004820.</p>

Effect of repetitive normobaric hypoxic preconditioning on white matter lesions and cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral ischemia rats / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the effect of repetitive normobaric hypoxic preconditioning (RNHP) on white matter lesions (WMLs) and cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral ischemia rats.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were divided into sham operation group,model group,and RNHP group (8 in each group).The bilateral common carotid arteries in sham operation group were isolated but not ligated in ambient air,those in model group were ligated in ambient air,and those in RNHP group were preconditioned for 2 weeks before ligation.Their cognitive function was assessed in Morris water maze test,their WMLs were caluculated with KlüverBarrera staining.The astroglia,microglia and oligodendrocyte in cerebral white matter were stained with immunolabelling technique using antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein,Iba-1 and CNPase.Results The percentage of target quadrant swimming time was significantly higher in RNHP group and sham operation group than in model group (27.26％ ± 2.06％,29.06％ ± 1.72％ vs 20.58％±2.23％,P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The scores of WMLs in corpus callosum,caudate putamen and anterior commissure were significantly lower,the number of astrocytes and microglias was significantly smaller while that of oligodendrocytes was significantly greater in RNHP group and sham operation group than in model group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion RNHP can improve WMLs and cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral ischemia rats.

Effect of miR-196 on endocrine therapy for breast cancer by targeting p27 / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To determine the effect of miR-196 on sensitivity of endocrine therapy for breast cancer and to explore its possible molecular mechanism.Methods The expression of miR-196 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in MCF7 (ER+) and BT549 (ER-).The sensitivity of tamoxifen on MCF7 cells was evaluated by MTT and colony formation.Dual-luciferase,RT-qPCR and western blot assays were used to determine the regulation of miR-196 on p27.Results The expression of miR-196 was up-regulated in BT549 compared to that in MCF7 cells.The cell viability and colony formation were increased in miR-196-overexpressed MCF7 cells compared to those in the control cells after treatment with tamoxifen.The luciferase activity and expression of p27 were decreased in miR-196-overexpressed MCF7 cells compared to those in the control cells.Overexpression of p27 eliminated the effect of miR-196-induced endocrine therapy resistance in MCF7 cell.Conclusion miR-196 promotes breast cancer endocrine resistance by targeting p27.

Variation of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase DNA methylated modification and corre-lation with gene mRNA expression of early- onset preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome in trophoblast cells of placenta / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective By detecting the DNA methylation and gene expression of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) in trophoblast cells, analyze the correlation of DNA methylation and gene expression in early-onset preeclampsia (EPE), hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), to investigate the molecular basis of long-chain fatty acid oxidation changes in different preeclampsia and pathological pregnancy. Methods Primary human cytotrophoblast cells and HTR8/Svneo cells were treated with serum from patients with EPE (14 cases), HELLP (12 cases), APS (14 cases), and normal pregnant women (NP, 14 cases). The methylation level of LCHAD gene promoter region through the MassARRAY platform and mRNA expression level by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technique were conducted. Results (1) Cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG)sites in human LCHAD DNA promoter region:CpG sites were detected in the range of 558 bp before LCHAD gene transcription start site, the detected CpG sites were 11 sites including 8 single sites and 3 complex sites. The position of these sites were at-984,-960,-899,-853,-811,-796,-774,-727,-615,-595,-579 respectively. (2) The sites of-899,-853,-615 and-595 showed increased methylation level in EPE and HELLP groups. The methylation level at-899,-853 and-615 sites in EPE and HELLP groups were significantly higher than those in NP group(P<0.01). The methylation level at-853 site was higher in EPE group than that in HELLP group(P<0.05). The-595 site showed the unmethylated in EPE, HELLP and APS groups. There were significantly difference between the 3 groups and EPE group(P<0.01). (3) The gene expression of LCHAD mRNA in EPE(0.048±0.005), HELLP(0.045±0.006)and APS(0.044±0.004) groups were significantly lower than NP group(0.076 ± 0.009;P<0.01). (4) The correlation of methylation level and gene expression in all groups: the methylation level at-899,-853,-727,-615 and-579 sites were negatively correlated with gene mRNA expression in EPE group (P<0.05). The methylation level at-899,-853 and-615 sites were negatively correlated with gene mRNA expression in HELLP group(P<0.05). Conclusions The variation of LCHAD DNA methylation of trophoblast cells are found among EPE, HELLP syndrome and APS. The different correlation of LCHAD DNA methylation and gene expression are different in pathological groups. LCHAD DNA methylation of EPE and HELLP syndrome were significantly increased and negatively correlated with LCHAD gene mRNA expression. These results further revealed the molecular basis of long-chain fatty acid oxidation in different preeclampsia and pathological pregnancy.

MAGI3 Suppresses Glioma Cell Proliferation via Upregulation of PTEN Expression / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 3 (MAGI3) in glioma cell proliferation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression levels of MAGI3 and PTEN were assessed in glioma samples by Western blotting. MAGI3 was stably transfected into C6 glioma cells to obtain C6-MAGI3 cells. Then, the proliferation, the expression levels of MAGI3 and PTEN, and Akt phosphorylation were evaluated in C6 and C6-MAGI3 cells. Xenograft tumor models were established by subcutaneous injection of C6 and C6-MAGI3 cells into nude mice, and the growth rates of xenografts in the mice were compared. The potential role of MAGI3 expression in PI3K/Akt signaling activation was further investigated by examining the correlation between MAGI3 expression and the expression of PI3K/Akt signaling downstream target genes in a glioma dataset using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expression levels of MAGI3 and PTEN were significantly downregulated in gliomas. Overexpression of MAGI3 in the glioma C6 cell line upregulated PTEN protein expression, inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, and suppressed cell proliferation. MAGI3 overexpression also inhibited the growth of C6 glioma tumor xenografts in nude mice. Analysis based on the GEO database confirmed the negative correlation between activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and MAGI3 mRNA levels in human glioma samples.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The loss of MAGI3 expression in glioma may enhance the proliferation of glioma cells via downregulation of PTEN expression, leading to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. MAGI3 is a potential glioma suppressor.</p>

Borneol is an inducer of rat hepatic CYP2D activity in vivo / 药学学报

Borneol is a traditional Chinese medicine. In the past few years, many studies showed that borneol can improve the bioavailability of other drugs, promoting drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, so the potential drug interactions between borneol and other medicines have attracted great attention, but the influence of borneol to CYP450 and its isoforms are rarely reported. In this research, male Wistar rats were orally administered by borneol for 7 days, then the mRNA and protein expression and the activities of CYP2D were detected, we also compared the pharmacokinetic parameters of CYP2D's specific substrate between control group and borneol group. The results show that borneol (33, 100 and 300 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) have no significant effect on CYP2D, while the activites of CYP2D increased 1.71, 1.97 and 2.89 times comparing to the control group. At the same time, borneol (300 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) caused the C(max) decreased 10.6% (P > 0.05), AUC(0-∞) decreased 27.5% (P < 0.01), CL/F increased 41.1% (P < 0.01), V(z)/F increased 23.1% (P > 0.05) of dextromethorphan. Our data provided that borneol speed up dextromethorphan's elimination in vivo. Since the activity of CYP2D can be induced by borneol, the metabolic interactions might happen when borneol and the substrate drug CYP2D are used together.

The changes of LCHAD in preeclampsia with different clinical features and the correlation with NADPH P47-phox, p38MAPK- α, COX-2 and serum FFA and TG / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of fatty acid oxidase in the placenta of preeclampsia cases with different clinical features, and the relationship with oxidative stress and inflammatory response. To study the correlation of serum free fatty acid (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) level in early second trimester with the molecular changes of the long-chain fatty acid oxidase in the third trimester. Methods This was prospective cohort study, in which cases with singleton pregnancies who archived in Haidian Maternal and Children′s Hospital, Beijing, from January 1st 2012 to May 31st, with regular prenatal care were included. Doppler ultrasound was used for screening for the presence of early diastolic notch of uterine artery at 22-24 weeks of gestation. All the 101 cases with the early diastolic notch of uterine artery were included as the notch group, and 377 cases without the early diastolic notch of uterine artery were included as the non-notch group. The perinatal outcomes and the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy of the two groups were observed. The serum level of FFA and TG was tested, and the mRNA and protein expression of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD), P47-phox subunit of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase α (p38MAPK-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were detected using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. The relationship between serum level of FFA and TG and the mRNA and protein expression of LCHAD, NADPH P47-phox,p38MAPK-α and COX-2 of the placental tissue specimens were analyzed. Results (1) In the notch group, there were 9 cases of early-onset preeclampsia,15 cases of late-onset preeclampsia and 10 cases of gestational hypertension;and there were 8 cases of late-onset preeclampsia and 18 cases of gestational hypertension in the non-notch group. 15 cases with normal blood pressure in each group were randomly selected as the control group.(2)The serum level of TG of cases of early-onset preeclampsia, late-onset preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in the notch group were(2.0±0.8),(1.8±0.6)and (1.9±0.7)mmol/L, and that of FFA were(0.68±0.26),(0.52±0.10)and(0.52±0.17)mmol/L, respectively. The serum level of TG of cases of late-onset preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in the non-notch group were(1.6±0.6)and(1.4±0.4)mmol/L, and that of FFA were(0.49±0.11)and(0.48±0.05)mmol/L, respectively. The serum level of TG and FFA in the control group were(1.4±0.5)and(0.52±0.06)mmol/L, respectively. The TG level of the notch group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).(6)The mRNA expression of placental LCHAD in the early-onset preeclampsia in the notch group was significantly negatively correlated with the mRNA expression of placental NADPH P47-phox and COX-2 (r=- 0.877,-0.762, P<0.05). The mRNA expression of placental LCHAD in the control group was significantly negatively correlated with the mRNA expression of placental COX-2 (r=- 0.565, P<0.01). The protein expression of placental LCHAD in the early-onset preeclampsia in the notch group was significantly negatively correlated with the protein expression of NADPH P47-phox (r=- 0.818, P<0.01). The protein expression of placental LCHAD in the control group was significantly negatively correlated with the protein expression of COX-2 (r=- 0.502,P<0.01). Conclusions The placental mRNA and protein expression of long-chain fatty acid oxidation enzymes were different in different clinical features of preeclampsia, which were reduced more obviously in the early-onset preeclampsia in the notch group than that of the late-onset preeclampsia in the notch group, and were negatively correlated with the elevated serum FFA level, significantly enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory response, but with no correlation with serum TG level.

Relationship between dysphagia and the location of brain lesions in acute stroke / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the incidence of dysphagia and the location of brain lesions in patients with acute stroke.Methods Swallowing function was assessed by Watin drinking water test within 48 hours after admission in 226 cases with acute stroke.The location of the brain lesions was identified by CT and / or MRI.According to the US National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS),evaluation of nerve functions was evaluated within 24 hours after admission in stroke patients.Results The incidence of dysphagia was 50.4％ (114 /226) in 226 patients in acute stage.The degree of neurological deficit of stroke patients on admission was significantly correlated with the occurrence of dysphagia (x2 =13.35,P=0.02).The incidence of dysphagia caused by lesions in internal carotid artery trunk (hemisphere in combination with basal ganglia/internal capsule) was more common in anterior circulating territory(internal carotid artery system),dysphagia with internal carotid arterg(ICA) trunk occlusion (hemisphere in combination with basal ganglia/internal capsule) was more common than that caused by cortex branches occlusion (hemisphere-cortex) or penetrating ICA injuries (basal ganglia/internal capsule) and cortex branches occlusion (hemisphere-cortex),respectively(x2 =8.228,P＜0.05).The incidences of dysphagia induced by brain lesions of different cortex lobes had no statistic differences(x2 =0.312,P＞0.05).In posterior circulating territory (vertebro-basilar system),the incidence of swallowing disorders was significantly higher in brain stem group than in the thalamus and cerebellum (x2 =27.292,P＜0.001).The incidence of the dysphagia caused by lesions in cerebral hemispheres,combined basal ganglia / internal capsule and brain stem lesions were significantly higher than those caused by other lesions(x2 =35.639,P＜0.000).Conclusions Brain lesions of hemisphere combined basal ganglia/internal capsule and brain stem are significantly associated with the occurrence of dysphagia after acute stroke.

Correlation of free fatty acid and blood lipids in early second trimester and uterine artery notch in pre-eclampsia / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To analyze the heterogeneous variation of serum free fatty acid (FFA) and lipids during early second trimester in women with or without uterine artery notch in pre-eclampsia (PE).Methods This is a prospective cohort study of 4 000 women with singleton pregnancies registered in early pregnancy and in whom regular check-ups were performed in Haidian Maternal & Child Health Hospital.Blood specimens were collected at gestational age 14-18 weeks at the same time of screening for Down's syndrome.One hundred and one cases with early diastolic notch of the uterine artery were included in the N+ group,and 172 cases without notch but at high risk of PE were included in the N-group at 22-24 weeks.In addition,205 women who were selected randomly at a ratio of 1 ∶ 5,without notch or PE high-risk factors,were also included in the N group.Both groups were subgrouped according to the outcomes of pregnancy complications:early-onset PE group EPE,late-onset PE (LPE),gestational hypertension (GH) group,gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) group with normal blood pressure,and no complications (NC) group.The variation in FFA and other lipid metabolism indicators in the PE subgroups were compared and analyzed by two independent-sample t-test,one-factor analysis of variance,Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact) and Logistic regression.Results History of PE and pre-hypertension at first visit differed significantly between the N+ and N-groups [3.9％ (4/101) vs.0.8％ (3/377),x2=5.52,P＜0.05; pre-hypertension at first visit,42.2％ (43/101) vs.25.7％ (97/377),x2=10.91,P＜0.05].In the N+ group,23.8％ (n=24) of women had PE,of which 37.5％ (n=8) were early onset.In the N group,2.1％ (n=8) had PE,and all were late onset.The incidence of PE differed significantly between the N+ and N-groups (x2=59.72,P＜0.05).In the N+ group,FFA gradually decreased among the ePE,IPE,GH and NC groups [(0.68±0.27),(0.58±0.21),(0.57±0.21) and (0.49±0.19) mmol/L,F=2.78,P＜0.05]; Multivariate regression analysis showed that FFA (OR=135.68,95％CI:3.78-4 873.00) and PE history (OR=123.25,95％CI:9.27-i 638.00) were risk factors of ePE.Pre-hypertension at registration (OR=4.69,95％CI:2.08-10.58) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) 24-28 (OR=3.69,95％CI:1.26-10.83) were risk factors ofGH.FFA (OR=9.08,95％CI:2.49-33.01) and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 28 (OR=5.08,95％CI:2.16-11.92) were risk factors for GDM.Conclusions Serum FFA and TG levels in early second trimester are correlated with PE,especially the early-onset PE.The onset of PE is heterogeneous and affected by many factors,and occurs in patients with or without early diastolic notch of the uterine artery in the second trimester.Patients with notch are more likely to have early-onset PE,which is correlated with blood FFA and TG levels.

Clinical analysis of 22 cases of severe infection after percutaneous nephrolithotomy / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the causes of postoperative severe infection and other complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy,and to study the principles of prevention and treatment.Methods Five hundred and sixty three cases of patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from September 2008 to December 2011 in our hospital,after operation,22 patients were found with serious infection.Data of these 22 cases were analyzed retrospectively according to the causes of the infection,corresponding prevention and treatment.Results The occurrence rate of severe postoperative infection was 3.9％ ( 22/563 ) in this group.The condition of 21 patients improved through adjusting antibiotics and taking other necessary measures in time;the condition of 1 case of septic shock patient was under control by giving anti-infective and anti-shock treatment measures.Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgery,with a certain incidence of postoperative infection which should be timely and effectively controlled.

Efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on solitary kidney: an analysis of 20 cases / 中国综合临床

Objective To retrospec the efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on treatment of urinary tract stones in solitary kidney.Methods From June 2008 to April 2011,percutaneous nephrolithotomy technique was used to treat 20 cases of urinary tract stones,with kidney stone or cast form staghorn calculi in 4 cases,single pelvis,calyceal stones 10 cases,6 cases of upper ureteral calculi;Fourteen cases used the standard channel F24;6 cases used F16 Micro Channel.Among the 20 patients,16 cases performed stage Ⅰ single channel surgery;2 cases performed dual-channel surgery in Ⅰ stage;2 patients with severe infection performed stage Ⅱ single channel surgery.Results The average duration of the operation was 66mins.The stone clearance rate was 88.36％ on average(18/20),without laceration or bleeding of pelvis or renal calyces mucosa or any other complications.Postoperative indwelling nephrostomy tubes were removed 6 -7 days later,without complications found during the follow-up period.For the 6 cases with preoperative renal dysfunction before surgery,the levels of blood Cr decreased at 2 weeks after surgery.Conclusion Compared to open surgery,percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective with small wound in treatment of solitary kidney with invasive upper urinary tract calculi.

Effects of arsenic trioxide administration styles on leukocytosis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of constantly slow intravenous arsenic trioxide (As2O3) infusion regimen on decreasing leukocytosis in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three kinds of leukemia cells, NB4, K562, and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, were cultured in the media with constant concentration and varying concentrations of As2O3 respectively for 24 hours. Seventy-five patients were enrolled in two groups randomly. In trial group, 37 patients received continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen for 24 hours with an infusion rate of 8 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 18-21 hours daily. In control group, 38 patients received routine regimen with an infusion rate of 45-55 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 2-3 hours daily for 24 hours. The daily As2O3 dosage was 0. 16 mg/kg. The intracellular arsenic concentration was measured by atomic fluorescence assay. The apoptosis rate of cells, CD33- CD11b+ cells, and CD33+ CD11b- cells were monitored by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The apoptosis rates of NB4, K562, and APL leukemia cells in the media with constant As2O3 concentration were 56.6% +/- 2.4%, 27.6% +/- 3.1%, and 52.2% +/- 2.8%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with changing As2O3 concentration (23.2% +/- 2.1%, 11.0% +/- 2.5%, and 21.0% +/- 2.5%, respectively, P < 0.01). The apoptosis rates of APL, M2 type acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M2), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients in the trial group (28.5% +/- 1.9%, 9.5% +/- 0.6%, and 12.5% +/- 1.8%) were also significantly higher than those in control group (8.5% +/- 2.2%, 2. 9% +/- 0.8%, and 4.5% +/- 1.2%; P < 0.05). The ratios of CD33 CD11b- and CD33- CD11b+ cells in control group were significantly higher than those in trial group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen can obtain high efficiency of apoptosis and low differentiation proportion, relieve leukocytosis, and gain maximal therapeutic benefit.</p>

Causes and management of complications of transurethral electrvaporization of prostate / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss the causes and management of the complications of the transurethral electrovaporization of prostate(TVP) to improve the effect.Methods All 820 cases took TVP.3～6 months follow-up was taken to investigate the complications and their disposal.Results No patient died,6 cases had massive haemorrhage during operation,6 cases had presymptom of TUR syndrome,5 cases had perforation of juncture of bladder and prostate,6 cases had acute pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE) after TVP,32 cases had spasm of bladder,18 cases had urethral stricture,3 caess had postoperative bleed,11 cases had retrograde ejaculation,13 cases had temporary incontinence,24 cases had infection of urinary tract.Conclusion Pre-operational precautions are essential,the complications of TVP may be decreased by accurate operation and reliable management of infection.