ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of pioglitazone on white matter injury after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty-two young male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, and pioglitazone group ( n=14 in each group). The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion with suture-occluded method. On the 3 rd and 7 th day after the establishment of the model, the neural function was assessed by the adhesive removal test. The mice were killed on the 7 th day after the establishment of the model. HE staining was used to detect the extent of cerebral infarction. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis were used to detect the degree of white matter damage and the changes of microglia phenotype. Results:On the 7 th day after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the adhesive removal time in the PGZ group was significantly shortened compared with the model group ( P<0.05), the percentage of cerebral infarction volume was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), the ratio of MBP/NF200 fluorescence intensity in the cortical and striatal areas was significantly increased (all P<0.05), and the number of CD16 +/Iba1 + microglia was significantly decreased ( P<0.01), while the number of CD206 +/Iba1 + microglia tended to increase, but there was no statistical difference. Conclusion:Pioglitazone may reduce the degree of white matter injury and nerve function damage in mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and its mechanism may be associated with regulating the transformation of microglia from M1 type to M2 type.
ABSTRACT
Objectives To observe the effect of Luoyutong capsule on neurological function following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and to preliminarily study the protective mechanism of Luoyutong capsule for focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)was induced by the modified Longa method. After 1. 5 h of ischemia,reperfusion started. Ten male SD rats were selected as sham operation group,and forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:Model (MCAO),Luoyutong moderate-dose (LYTM),Luoyutong high-dose (LYTH),and citicoline sodium (CS)groups (n=10 in each group). At day 3 and 7 after modeling,the neurological function of the rats was evaluated by using 12 neurological score and forelimb placing test. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF),and phosphor/protein kinase (p-AKT/AKT)on the ischemic side of the rats and in the ipsilateral brain tissue at day 3 after modeling,as well as the expression level of Caspase-12 at day 7 after modeling in the ipsilateral brain tissue,and a comparison was performed among the groups. Results (1 )Neurological score:At day 3 after modeling,there was no significant difference between the 12 neurological score and the forelimb placing test score (all P>0. 05);At day 7 after modeling, there were obvious improvement in the LYTM,LYTH,and CS groups compared with model group (all P0. 05);the expression levels of proCaspase-12 and cleavage Caspase-12 in the CS group were obviously lower than those of the MCAO group (P<0. 05). Conclusion Luoyutong capsule may play a protective effect for focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by promoting neural survival and regeneration,and this protective effect may be associated with the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis.
ABSTRACT
This article summarizes the methods of making rat cerebral ischemia models and comments the advantages and disadvantages of various methods in order to provide references for the selection of animal models in the basis and appfication research of cerebral ischemia.