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Objective To investigate the relationship between serum stem cell factor receptor(c-kit)and myocardial fibrosis,cardiac function and prognosis in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)complicat-ed with heart failure.Methods A total of 77 patients with DCM complicated with heart failure who were trea-ted in 3201 Hospital from May 2020 to June 2022 were enrolled in the study as study group,and 70 DCM pa-tients without heart failure were enrolled as the control group.The levels of serum c-kit mRNA and three my-ocardial fibrosis markers[α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),collagen type Ⅰ and collagen type Ⅲ]were detec-ted in the two groups.Cardiac function parameters were obtained by echocardiography.The relationship be-tween serum c-kit mRNA level and myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function was analyzed.According to the oc-currence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),the patients were divided into poor prognosis group and good prognosis group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of DCM patients complicated with heart failure.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the efficacy of serum c-kit mRNA level in predicting the prognosis of DCM patients.Results The serum c-kit mRNA level in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of three myocardial fibrosis indicators in the study group were higher than those in the con-trol group(P<0.05).The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)and left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV)in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum c-kit mRNA level was positively correlated with LVEF(r=0.677,P<0.05),while negatively correlated with α-SMA,collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅲ,LVEDV and LVESV(r=-0.725,-0.748,-0.744,-0.745,-0.662,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum c-kit mRNA level is an independent factor for the prognosis of DCM patients with heart failure.ROC curve analysis showed that serum c-kit mRNA level had a sensitivity of 82.80%,a specificity of 81.80%,and an area under the curve of 0.829(95%CI:0.745-0.912,P<0.001)for evaluating the progno-sis of DCM patients complicated with heart failure.Conclusion The serum c-kit mRNA level is significantly decreased in patients with DCM complicated with heart failure,and the serum c-kit mRNA level is correlated with myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function.The detection of serum c-kit mRNA level has a high efficacy in evaluating the prognosis of patients with DCM complicated with heart failure.
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Objective:Anterior cruciate ligament injury is the most common type of knee joint ligament injury.Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has a high failure rate,with bone tunnel abnormalities as the most significant factor in these failures.Digital orthopedic technology can effectively develop implementation plans for the revision,thus increasing the success rate.This study aims to develop a surgical plan for anterior cruciate ligament revision by employing multiplanar reconstruction(MPR)for measuring bone tunnel position and diameter,and simulating bone tunnel creation via 3D printing preoperatively. Methods:A total of 12 patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament revision at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2014 and 2021 were retrospectively studied.The data included patient demographics,preoperative formulated knee joint 3D printing models,and preoperative knee CT scans.The study measured the bone tunnel's diameter and position to guide the establishment of revision bone tunnels during surgery,reassessed the postoperative bone tunnels,and evaluated knee joint functional scores[including International Knee Documentation Committee Knee Evaluation Form(IKDC)score,Lysholm score,and Tegner exercise level score]. Results:Preoperative measurements revealed suboptimal femoral tunnels positions in 4 patients and tibial tunnels positions in 2 patients.MPR and 3D printing technology were used to guide the establishment of a new bone canal during surgery,and postoperative measurements were satisfactory for all patients.Preoperative measurements demonstrated the interclass correlation coefficient for femoral tunnels and tibial tunnels diameters were 0.843(P<0.05)and 0.889(P<0.001),respectively.Meanwhile,the intraclass correlation coefficient were 0.811(P<0.05)and 0.784(P<0.05),respectively.The intraoperative diameter of femoral and tibial tunnels showed excellent correlation with postoperative CT measurements,with intraclass correlation coefficient values of 0.995(P<0.001)and 0.987(P<0.001),respectively.All bone tunnel positions were within the normal range.At the final follow-up,knee joint function scores in all 12 patients improved significantly compared to pre-surgery(P<0.001),and the reoperation rate was zero. Conclusion:MPR and 3D printing technology can accurately measure the parameters of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament bone tunnels.Personalized revision plans for patients with reconstruction failure enhances the success rate of revision surgery and improves patient prognosis.
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Compared with other drug-resistant strains, Acinetobacter baumannii has the characteristics of serious drug resistance, high mortality and difficulty to treat. As the phenomena of resistance to existing anti-Acinetobacter baumannii drugs continuously occurs, the development of new anti-Acinetobacter baumannii drugs is urgent. This review introduces the clinical application and research progress of anti-Acinetobacter baumannii drugs, aiming to provide help for the research and development of anti-Acinetobacter baumannii drugs.
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the hotspots in the research field of neurodegenerative diseases, and its pathogenesis is still controversial. Trace metal elements play an important role in normal growth and development of the human body. Metal ions can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, leading to α-synapnuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and then inducing the occurrence of PD. This article mainly reviewed the potential mechanisms of metal elements in PD, discussed the role of metabolic imbalance of common trace metals (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) in PD, and put forward new insights into the treatment of PD.
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Design of structurally-novel drug molecules with deep learning can overcome the technical bottleneck of classical computer-aided drug design. It has become the frontier of new technique research on drug design, and has shown great potential in drug research and development practice. This review starts from the basic principles of deep learning-driven de novo drug design, goes on with the brief introduction to deep molecular generation techniques as well as computational tools and the analysis on representative successful cases, and eventually provides our perspective for future direction and application prospect about this technique. This review will provide ideas on new technique research and references for new drug research and development practice to which this technique is applied.
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to patient deaths worldwide, and its pathogenesis is complex and mortality rates are increasing every year. Numerous researches have shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites were closely associated with the development of CVD, and gut microbiota was expected to be a potential new target for the treatment of CVD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), characterized by its multi-component, multi-target and integrity, can play a therapeutic role in CVD by regulating the gut microbiota, which has obvious advantages in stabilizing the disease, improving heart function and enhancing quality of life, and is an ideal intestinal microecological regulator. Therefore, this review will mainly discuss the intimate association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with CVD, and the therapeutic strategies of TCM targeting gut microbiota to improve CVD, including regulating the composition of gut microbiota, protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier, influencing the intestinal immune function and modulating the metabolites of gut microbiota, in order to provide a reference for the research of TCM targeting gut microbiota for CVD.
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The bacterial ATP-competitive GyrB/ParE subunits of type II topoisomerase are important anti-bacterial targets to treat super drug-resistant bacterial infections. Herein we discovered novel pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors based on the structural modifications of the candidate AZD5099 that was withdrawn from the clinical trials due to safety liabilities such as mitochondrial toxicity. The hydroxyisopropyl pyridazine compound 28 had a significant inhibitory effect on Gyrase (GyrB, IC50 = 49 nmol/L) and a modest inhibitory effect on Topo IV (ParE, IC50 = 1.513 μmol/L) of Staphylococcus aureus. It also had significant antibacterial activities on susceptible and resistant Gram-positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than 0.03 μg/mL, which showed a time-dependent bactericidal effect and low frequencies of spontaneous resistance against S. aureus. Compound 28 had better protective effects than the positive control drugs such as DS-2969 ( 5) and AZD5099 ( 6) in mouse models of sepsis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. It also showed better bactericidal activities than clinically used vancomycin in the mouse thigh MRSA infection models. Moreover, compound 28 has much lower mitochondrial toxicity than AZD5099 ( 6) as well as excellent therapeutic indexes and pharmacokinetic properties. At present, compound 28 has been evaluated as a pre-clinical drug candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infection. On the other hand, compound 28 also has good inhibitory activities against stubborn Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (MIC = 1 μg/mL), which is comparable with the most potent pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors reported recently. In addition, the structure-activity relationships of the compounds were also studied.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effects on the heart rate variability (HRV) and the expression of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the model rats of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) rats complicated with anxiety between moxibustion of "biaoben acupoint combination" and that of "conventional acupoint combination".@*METHODS@#Of 50 healthy SPF female SD rats, aged 3 months, 8 rats were selected randomly as a blank group, and the rest rats were prepared to be the model of IBS-D complicated with anxiety. Twenty-four rats after successfully modeled were randomized into a model group, a conventional acupoint combination group (convention group) and a biaoben acupoint combination group (biaoben group), 8 rats in each one. In the convention group, moxibustion was delivered at "Tianshu" (ST 25), "Zusanli"(ST 36) and "Shangjuxu"(ST 37); and in the biaoben group, moxibustion was applied to "Neiguan" (PC 6), "Zusanli" (ST 36), and "Guanyuan" (CV 4). One session of moxibustion took 20 min, once daily, for 14 days in total. Before and after intervention, the body mass and fecal moisture content were compared in the rats of each group; using abdominal wall withdrawal reflex, the visceral hypersensitivity was evaluated; with elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark box (LDB), the anxiety conditions were assessed. After intervention, HRV was compared among groups, the ultrastructure of intestinal mucosa was observed under the transmission electron microscope in the rats of each group, and ANP expression in the myocardial tissue was detected using Western blot method and immunofluorescence.@*RESULTS@#Before the intervention, compared with the blank group, the body mass and visceral pain threshold of rats were reduced in the model group, the convention group and the biaoben group (P<0.05), fecal moisture content and AWR scores (at the dilatation pressure of 40, 60 and 80 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg ≈ 0.133 kPa) were elevated (P<0.05); and time in the open arm, the open arm entry number and the total movement distance (EPM), the time spent in the light compartment, the number of dark to light transitions and the total transition distance (LDB) were decreased (P<0.05). After the intervention, compared with the blank group, in the model group, the body mass, visceral pain threshold, standard diviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD) were dropped (P<0.05), fecal moisture content, AWR scores (the dilation pressures of 40, 60 and 80 mm Hg), LF/HF and ANP expression were increased (P<0.05), the time in open arm, the open arm entry number and the total movement distance (EPM), the time spent in the light compartment, the number of dark to light transitions and the total transition distance (LDB) were decreased (P<0.05). When compared with the model group, in the convention group and the biaoben group, the body mass, visceral pain threshold, SDNN and RMSSD were increased (P<0.05), fecal moisture content, AWR scores (the dilation pressures of 60 and 80 mm Hg), LF/HF and ANP expression were dropped (P<0.05), the time in open arm, the open arm entry number and the total movement distance (EPM), the time spent in the light compartment, the number of dark to light transitions and the total transition distance (LDB) were increased (P<0.05). In the biaoben group, compared with the convention group, the body mass, visceral pain threshold, SDNN and RMSSD were elevated (P<0.05), fecal moisture content, AWR score (the dilation pressure of 80 mm Hg), LF/HF and ANP expression were decreased (P<0.05), the time in open arm, the open arm entry number and the total movement distance (EPM), the time spent in the light compartment, the number of dark to light transitions and the total transition distance (LDB) were increased (P<0.05). The epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa showed a normal morphology in the blank group, the tight junction of the cells was disrupted and the junction was loose in the model group; the tight junction was imperfect in the convention group, but it was intact in the biaoben group.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with the conventional acupoint combination, moxibustion of biaoben acupoint combination is more effective on the symptoms of IBS-D complicated with anxiety in the model rats. The effect mechanism may be related to attenuating anxiety-like negative emotions, positively regulating HRV, stabilizing IBS-D intestinal mucosal barrier and down-regulating the expression of ANP in myocardium.
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Rats , Female , Animals , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/therapy , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Moxibustion/methods , Heart Rate , Atrial Natriuretic Factor , Acupuncture Points , Anxiety/therapyABSTRACT
Aim To explore the effects of NaAsO
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The purity of 4,4′-dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-bis (methylenedioxy)-2′-morpholine methylenebiphenyl-2-methyl formate methanesulfonate (IMH), a new drug for fatty liver treatment, was determined through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Analysis of two-factor non repeatability method was performed in the investigation the effects of two factors (heating rate and sample weight) on purity determination. The DSC experimental parameters were optimized as follows: heating rate was 10 ℃·min-1, temperature range was 150-300 ℃, sample weight was 2.0-4.1 mg, and N2 flow rate was 80 mL·min-1. The linear correlation coefficient (r) of this DSC method was 0.999 8. The RSD value (n = 6) of precision was 0.03%. The standard value and uncertainty of the purity results of the multiple batches of IMH drugs were (99.74 ± 0.29)%, (99.91 ± 0.28)%, (99.90 ± 0.28)%, and (99.81 ± 0.28)% with inclusion factor (K) of 2 and confidence probability (P) of 0.95. The results were basically consistent with the results of the mass balance method. The DSC mehod is a simple, rapid and accurate method, and provides a new reference method for determining the purity of IMH drugs, improves the accuracy and reliability of purity determination.
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Objective: To understand the incidence of delayed vaccination with the national immunization program vaccines among children aged 0-6 years in Xuhui District, Shanghai, and to evaluate the safety of delayed vaccination. Methods: A stratified random sampling was used to obtain six vaccination clinics in Xuhui District, Shanghai. The vaccination records of children 0-6 years from these six vaccination clinics were collected from the Shanghai Immunization Program Information Management System. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the data. Children were divided into the timely vaccination group and delayed vaccination group according whether they were delayed in vaccination (received one month or more after the recommended age among children aged ≤1 year; received three months or more after the recommended age among children aged >1 year). The safety of four vaccination methods-individual vaccination, simultaneous vaccination, routine vaccination and combined vaccination-were further compared. Differences between groups were compared using chi-square test. Results: From 2019 to 2021, six vaccination clinics in Xuhui District administered 124 031 doses of the national immunization program vaccines among children aged 0-6 years, and delayed vaccinations accounted for 25.99% (32 234/124 031) of these doses. In 2020, the delayed vaccination rate during the first-level COVID-19 public health emergency response period in Shanghai was significantly higher than that in the same period in 2019 (34.70% vs. 24.19%, χ2=136.23, P<0.05). The delayed vaccination rate during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in 2021 was significantly higher than that in the same period in 2019 (25.27% vs. 22.55%, χ2=82.80, P<0.05). From 2019 to 2021, a total of 475 cases of AEFI were reported in six vaccination clinics, with a reported incidence of 382.97 per 100 000 doses, including 421 cases of common adverse reaction (88.63%, 339.43 per 100 000 doses), 51 cases of rare adverse reaction (10.74%, 41.12 per 100 000 doses) and 3 cases of coincidences (0.63%, 2.42 per 100 000 doses). The reported incidence of AEFI among delayed vaccinations was significantly lower than that among timely vaccinations (291.62 per 100 000 doses vs. 415.05 per 100 000 doses). The incidence of AEFI for the four delayed vaccination methods (individual vaccination, simultaneous vaccination, routine vaccination and combined vaccination) was lower than that for timely vaccination. There were significant differences between the groups except for the routine vaccination group (χ2=9.82, P<0.05; χ2=5.46, P<0.05; χ2=2.97, P>0.05; χ2=11.89, P<0.05). Conclusions: In Xuhui District of Shanghai, 25.99% of doses of the national immunization program vaccines administered to children 0-6 years were delayed. Delayed vaccination does not increase the risk of AEFI compared with timely vaccination.
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Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of identification and preservation of arm lymphatics (DEPART) in axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for breast cancer to prevent arm lymphedema. Methods: A randomized controlled study method was used. Two hundred and sixty-five patients who underwent breast cancer surgery at the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from November 2017 to June 2018 were included, and the patients were randomly divided into ALND+ DEPART group (132 patients) and standard ALND group (133 patients) by random number table method. In the ALND+ DEPART group, indocyanine green and methylene blue were injected as tracers before surgery, and the arm sentinel nodes was visualized by staged tracing during intraoperative dissection of axillary lymph nodes. Partial frozen sections were made of arm lymph nodes >1 cm in length and hard and suspicious of metastasis, and arm lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels were selectively preserved. Patients in the standard ALND group underwent standard ALND. Objective and subjective indexes of arm lymphedema were evaluated by 5-point circumference measurement and Norman questionnaire. Results: Among 132 breast cancer patients in the ALND+ DEPART group, 121 (91.7%) completed DEPART. There were no statistically significant differences in age, body mass index, pathological type, dissection number of axillary lymph node, N stage, TNM stage, molecular typing, and regional radiotherapy between the ALND+ DEPART and standard ALND groups (P>0.05). At a median follow-up of 24 months, assessment by the 5-point circumference measurement showed that the incidence rates of lymphedema in the ALND+ DEPART and standard ALND groups were 5.0% (6/121) and 15.8% (21/133), respectively, with statistically significant differences (P=0.005). Assessment by the Norman questionnaire showed that the incidence rates of lymphedema in the ALND+ DEPART and standard ALND groups were 5.8% (7/121) and 21.8% (29/133), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). No local regional recurrence was observed in either group during the follow-up period. Conclusion: For breast cancer patients with positive axillary lymph nodes, the administration of DEPART during ALND can reduce or avoid the occurrence of arm lymphedema without compromising oncology safety.
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Female , Humans , Arm/pathology , Axilla/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Lymph Nodes/surgery , Lymphatic Vessels/pathology , Lymphedema/surgery , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" on the sequelae of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the recovery period.@*METHODS@#A total of 33 patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period were treated with filiform-fire needling at the acupoints of Mingmen (GV 4), Shenzhu (GV 12), Gaohuang (BL 43), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shangjuxu (ST 37), etc., once every other day, 3 times a week, and 3 times was one course of treatment and totally 2 courses of treatment were required. The TCM symptom, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) scores, pulmonary function indexes (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], peak expiratory flow [PEF]) and chest CT imaging change were observed before and after treatment, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of TCM symptom, HAMA and HAMD were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of FVC, FEV1 and PEF were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the recovery rate of 22 patients with pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was 86.4% (19/22). After treatment, the lung shadow area was smaller than that before treatment (P<0.05). The effective rate of 25 patients with lung CT abnormalities was 84.0% (21/25). After treatment, 23 cases were cured, 5 cases were markedly effective, 4 cases were effective, 1 case was ineffective, the cured and markedly effective rate was 84.8%.@*CONCLUSION@#The filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" could significantly reduce the sequelae of cough, fatigue, chest tightness, etc. and mental symptoms such as anxiety and depression in patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period, and promote inflammatory exudation absorption of pulmonary lesion and improve lung ventilation function.
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , COVID-19/therapy , Lung , Vascular Surgical ProceduresABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Liu Junzitang in preventing and treating muscle atrophy in mice with lung cancer cachexia based on the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)/ubiquitin proteasome pathway in vivo. MethodForty C57BL/6 mice aged six weeks were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a Liu Junzitang group, an inhibitor group (stattic group),and a Liu Junzitang + inhibitor group (combination group), with eight mice in each group. The cachectic muscle atrophy model was induced by subcutaneous inoculation of Lewis lung cancer cell line under the right anterior armpit in mice except those in the blank group. On the 8th day after subcutaneous inoculation, the mice in the corresponding groups received Liu Junzitang (9.56 g·kg-1·d-1) by gavage and intraperitoneal injection of stattic [25 mg·kg-1·(2 d)-1]. After three weeks of drug intervention, the body weight and gastrocnemius muscle weight were recorded. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes and cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius muscle fibers in mice. Western blot was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated-STAT3 (p-STAT3), STAT3, muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx), and muscle RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1) in the gastrocnemius muscle. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of STAT3, MAFbx, and MuRF1 in the gastrocnemius muscle. ResultCompared with the blank group, the model group showed lightened body and the gastrocnemius muscle, reduced cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius muscle fibers, and increased protein expression of p-STAT3, STAT3, MAFbx, and MuRF1 and mRNA expression of STAT3, MuRF1, and MAFbx in the gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the Liu Junzitang group showed increased body weight, gastrocnemius muscle weight, and cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius muscle fibers (P<0.05), and decreased protein expression of p-STAT3, STAT3, MuRF1, MAFbx, and mRNA expression of STAT3 and MAFbx in gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the inhibitor group showed increased body weight and cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius muscle fibers (P<0.05), and reduced protein expression of p-STAT3, STAT3, MuRF1, MAFbx, and mRNA expression of STAT3 and MAFbx in gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the combination group showed increased body weight and gastrocnemius muscle weight (P<0.05),and decreased protein expression of p-STAT3, STAT3, MuRF1, and mRNA expression of STAT3 and MAFbx in the gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05). Compared with the Liu Junzitang group, the stattic group and the combination group showed reduced expression of p-STAT3 protein in the gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05). ConclusionLiu Junzitang can prevent and treat muscle atrophy in mice with lung cancer cachexia, and its mechanism may be associated with the protein and mRNA expression related to the STAT3-mediated ubiquitin proteasome pathway.
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This study selected three typical Chinese herbs with cold property(Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, and Coptidis Rhizoma) and another three with heat property(Cinnamomi Cortex, Zingiberris Rhizoma, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) to observe their regulatory effects on metabolism in animal organism, especially on lipid and energy metabolism in mice after a short-(7 d) and long-term(35 d) intervention. The mRNA expression levels of lipid metabolism genes in epididymal adipose tissue and liver were determined by real-time PCR. The oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and energy consumption were detected by metabolic system. After the short-term intervention, the Chinese herbs with heat property significantly reduced epididymal adipose tissue index and elevated the expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACC), lipoprotein lipase(LPL), and carnitine-palmityl transferase 1(CPT-1) in liver and epididymal adipose tissues. However, those with cold property promoted the expression of above-mentioned genes in epididymal adipose tissue. After the long-term intervention, cold and heat Chinese herbs had no significant effect on epididymal adipose tissue index of animals, while cold Chinese herbs could increase carbon dioxide production and energy consumption and reduce activity. These findings demonstrated that the short-term intervention effects of cold and heat Chinese herbs on animal metabolism were significantly stronger than the long-term intervention effects. Specifically, the short-term intervention with cold Chinese herbs enhanced the lipid metabolism in epididymal adipose tissue, while the heat Chinese herbs promoted lipid metabolism in epididymal adipose tissue and liver. The long-term intervention with cold and heat Chinese herbs resulted in no obvious change in lipid level, but long-term intervention with cold Chinese herbs accelerated energy consumption of the body. This study preliminarily observed the effects of cold and heat Chinese herbs on normal animal physiology from lipid and energy metabolism, which would provide reference for explaining the biological basis of Chinese herbs with cold or heat property based on biological response.
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Animals , Mice , Aconitum , Carbon Dioxide , China , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Energy Metabolism , Hot Temperature , LipidsABSTRACT
To investigate the effects of sodium arsenite(NaAsO
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Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is centered on Chengdu City and Chongqing Municipality, with aims to build the “fourth growth pole” of China’s economy. During this circle, elimination of schistosomiasis had been achieved in 82.5% of the endemic counties (districts) of Sichuan Province, and schistosomiasis is not historically endemic in Chongqing Municipality; however, there is still a risk of schistosmiasis transmission in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality because the natural and social factors affecting schistosomiasis transmission have not been completely eliminated in these areas. Based on the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, we analyzed the opportunities and challenges of schistosomiasis control during the construction of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, and proposed the corresponding suggestions, so as to provide insights into the sustainable development of schistosomiasis control in the context of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle construction.
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Objective:The incidence rate of cancer cachexia is high in late stage of cancer, which is characterized by skeletal muscle atrophy and rapid reduction of adipose tissue and systemic inflammation. Cachexia is highly related to a variety of tumors, and causes a large proportion of cancer deaths. Cancer cachexia can lead to serious complications in patients with cancer, then, the quality of life of patients decreases, the psychological state becomes negative, and the state of illness is further worsened. At present, there is no effective intervention means to completely reverse cachexia. The combined use of multiple targets and effective components of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), as well as the treatment based on syndrome differentiation and the theory of TCM play an important role in the prevention and treatment of cancer cachexia. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia and prevention and treatment with TCM is helpful for basic study and clinical application. Method:In this paper, cancer cachexia and TCM in China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) and Public Medline (PubMed) databases were retrieved, and 98 Chinese and English literatures were included through summarization to elaborate the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia and the prevention and treatment of TCM. Result:Emphasis was given to the important role of inflammatory reaction, skeletal muscle atrophy, energy metabolism abnormality and multiple signal joint regulation in occurrence of cancer cachexia, and the unique advantages and significant role of TCM in treatment of cancer cachexia under different treatment principles. Conclusion:Inflammatory reaction, skeletal muscle atrophy, abnormal energy metabolism make the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia complex and diverse. TCM prescriptions, Chinese herbal medicine and their effective ingredients have the natural advantages of targeting multiple pathways, controlling multiple signal pathways and inhibiting various inflammatory factors in the prevention and treatment of cancer cachexia, and are safe and effective in improving diet, prolonging the survival period of patients and keeping weight.
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With the emerging cases of tumor is about to exceed 4 million per year in China, tumor prevention and control is also a formidable barrier hitting the world. Overall, an increasing trend of incidence and mortality of tumor in China has been observed in recent years, and the high mortality and low cure rate of tumor have seriously threaten the health of Chinese people, greatly affected the quality of life of patients, greatly reduced the living standard of patients and endangered the physical and mental health of patients. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) believes that the etiology of tumor is complex and pathogenesis is variable, which is the result of interaction between internal and external factors. If the treatment is carried out based on syndrome differentiation in time at the beginning when exogenous pathogens act on the human body, so as to prevent the spread of latent pathogen in human body, the occurrence and development of tumor diseases will be significantly reduced. Therefore, the theory of exogenous pathogenic factors and the pathogenesis of tumor need to be further explored. A total of 67 Chinese and English literatures were searched out with key words like external contraction, pathogenic Qi, TCM, tumor and pathogenesis in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Public Medline (PubMed) databases for reference, so as to discuss the theory of exogenous pathogens and the pathogenesis of tumor comprehensively. The important role of exogenous pathogens in tumor pathogenesis and the significance of TCM in the early prevention and treatment of tumors were emphasized. Exogenous pathogenic factors such as wind, cold, dampness, fire, natural and social factors, diet and living conditions lead to the complexity of the occurrence of tumors. TCM can effectively prevent and intervene in the early stage of tumor onset, contribute to disease prevention and tumor resistance, reduce the occurrence, development and transformation of tumors, and make the clinical medication more effective, more accurate and more targeted, so as not to miss the opportunity for treating tumor, and provide a more clear guidance for clinical treatment of tumors.
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Depression is a mental illness characterized by persistent negative feelings, which has seriously threatened people's health. In recent years, neuronal autophagy, an important stress response, has also been regarded as a hypothesis for the pathogenesis of depression. Relevant studies have shown that either insufficient or excessive autophagy triggers neuronal damage, and activated or inhibited neuronal autophagy can be observed in animal models of depression. Therefore, neuronal autophagy may be a double-edged sword involved in the pathogenesis of depression. It is believed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that the occurrence of this disease is closely related to liver depression and spleen deficiency. Chinese medicine regulates the neuronal autophagy via multiple ways. The TCM monomers that regulate neuron autophagy are capable of protecting nerves or penetrating the blood-brain barrier. TCM compounds designed for soothing liver or invigorating spleen have been proved effective against this disease, demonstrating that the core pathogenesis of depression lies in liver depression and spleen deficiency. The regulatory effects of TCM on neuronal autophagy in depression models might result from its action on multiple targets, multiple pathways, and multiple systems. This paper discussed the limitations in current research based on the involvement of neuronal autophagy in depression and its treatments, in order to provide ideas for later similar research and that concerning TCM treatment of depression.