Biological and biochemical studies on pollen grains date palm adding to rats diet

The present study was conducted on experimental animals show the effect of different levels [14%, 20% and 30%] of pollen grains of date palm on food intake, feed efficiency, serum lipid profile, serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT], serum urea and createnin. Twenty eight male albino rats sprague Dawley strain weighing [95-110g] ten weeks old. They were divided into 4 groups [7 rats each], the rats of the control group were fed on standard diet, and the other 3 groups were fed standard diet plus 14%, 20% and 30% of pollen grains respectively. Food and water were provided ad-libitam for 4 weeks, at the end of experiment blood sample was taken and organs were removed. Serum was separated and kept at -20C degree until analysis. The result showed that: Weight gain was highly significant in group [2] which received 14% pollen grains when compared to the control group. Higher values of food intake and feed efficiency ratio in group [2] and [3] compared to the control group. Significant decrease of serum triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol [VLDL-c] in all treatment groups when compared to the control group. Significant decrease of low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] in forth group which received 30% of pollen grains and significant increase of high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] in the same group when compared to control group. Significant decrease in serum glucose were among treatments compared to control group. Significant decrease in AST in group [4]. which received 30% of pollen grains, while there was a significant decrease in ALT in all treatment groups when compared to control group. Finally, there was a significant decrease in serum urea in both group 2 and 3 when compared to control group

Biochemical evaluation of local pollen grains of date palm

The aim of this study, is to estimate chemical composition of five samples of local pollen grains mixture of Zaghlool and Samani of date palm [50:50% w/w]. The obtained results showed that the chemical composition of pollen grains were 3.68 +/- 0.15%, 6.39 +/- 0.07%, 0.92 +/- 0.005%, 36 +/- 0.55%, 3.12 +/- 0.03 and 49.90 +/- 0.08 of moisture, ash, fat, protein, fiber and carbohydrates respectively. Pollen grains of date palm rich source in minerals, potassium content was the highest concentration of macroelements. This was followed by phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and sodium. Iron content was the highly concentration of microelement and was followed by manganese, zinc, copper and selenium. Vitamins content of pollen grain were vitamin A, E, B1 and B2. Vitamin B1 content was the highest concentration 46.57 +/- 1.03 mg/100g. Fatty acids composition of pollen grains was saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Eurucic acid [C[20:1]] content the largest concentration and followed by Linoleic acid [C[18:2]]. Leucine as essential amino acid and asparatic as a non essential amino acid were the highest concentration. Amino acid score of protein pollen grains of date palm was 23.18% and isolucine is limited amino acid. Biological value of protein pollen grains of date palm was 28.51