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1.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 29(4)oct.-dic. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536194

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El dolor lumbar es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en el primer nivel de atención, requiere múltiples intervenciones diagnósticas, así como la adopción de conductas terapéuticas, e incluso, conlleva discapacidad en los pacientes adultos. Objetivo: Brindar una aproximación clínica con orientación diagnóstica para el abordaje de los pacientes con un motivo de consulta frecuente en el primer nivel de atención. Resultados: Los autores proponen un algoritmo para el abordaje clínico del paciente con dolor lumbar crónico, orientando, además, hacia generalidades de los exámenes complementarios (química sanguínea, imágenes diagnósticas, entre otros), para evaluar en un primer nivel al paciente que acude por esta patología. Conclusiones: La propuesta presentada en este artículo permite guiar al personal médico de primer nivel de atención a través de una aproximación enfocada en las características semiológicas del dolor, así como poder correlacionar con los diagnósticos más frecuentes, a fin de remitir o dirigir al paciente de acuerdo con las necesidades particulares correspondientes.


Keywords: Background: Low back pain is one of the main complaints in primary care reported by-patients, requiring several diagnostic interventions, therapeutic approaches and even entailing disability in young adults. Objective: To provide a clinical approach, diagnostically oriented, for patients frequently consulting primary care. Results: Of the authors propose a clinical algorithm for the clinical assessment of the patient with chronic low back pain, also considering complementary tests (imaging, blood chemistry, etc.) for the evaluation in primary care of the patient with this pathology. Conclusions: The proposal provided in this article helps guide the primary care physician through an approach focusing on the semiological characteristics of pain, so that they can correlate with the most frequent diagnoses, in order to refer or direct the patient according to their particular needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Signs and Symptoms , Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms , Low Back Pain , Neurologic Manifestations
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(12): 1812-1816, dic. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389407

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Several cases of Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) associated with SARS-CoV-2 have been published, most being acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Between April and December 2020, 1,499 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted to Hospital del Salvador, in Santiago, Chile, serving a population of 521,920 adults. In the same period, seven cases of GBS were admitted. Three females had a demyelinated type of GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. All three presented with progressive flaccid symmetrical areflexic weakness with inability to walk, one needed intubation and mechanical ventilation due to SARS-CoV2 infection. All had a favorable, rapid response to intravenous immunoglobulin. In two patients, the onset of GBS was almost concomitant with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and GBS has been questioned since no increase of GBS has occurred during the pandemic. However, a rise in GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection could be hidden due to a general decrease of GBS due to the decrease of all other infections. Lack of reporting due to the pandemic could be an added factor.


Se han publicado varios casos de síndrome de Guillain Barre (SGB) asociados con el SARS-CoV-2, la mayoría de los cuales son polirradiculoneuropatía desmielinizante inflamatoria aguda. Entre abril y diciembre de 2020, se ingresaron 1.499 casos de infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el Hospital del Salvador de Santiago de Chile, que atiende a una población de 521.920 adultos. Durante el mismo período se admitieron siete casos de SGB. Tres pacientes de sexo femenino con SGB tipo desmielinizante asociado a una infección por SARS-CoV-2. Las tres presentaron debilidad simétrica, flácida y arrefléctica progresiva, con incapacidad para caminar, una necesitó intubación y ventilación mecánica debido a la infección por SARS-CoV2. Todas tuvieron una respuesta rápida y favorable a la inmunoglobulina intravenosa. En dos pacientes, la aparición de SGB fue casi concomitante con la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Una relación causal entre el SARS-CoV-2 y SGB ha sido cuestionada ya que no se ha producido ningún aumento de SGB durante la pandemia. Sin embargo, un aumento de SGB asociado con la infección por SARS-CoV-2 podría ocultarse en una disminución general de SGB debido a la disminución de todas las demás infecciones asociadas a este. La sub-notificación debido a la dimensión de la pandemia podría ser también un factor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/epidemiology , COVID-19/complications , RNA, Viral , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(11)nov. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389382

ABSTRACT

The possibility of allowing patients access to health professionals, has been greatly facilitated by advances in technology. Indeed, nowadays it is possible not only direct contact between one health professional with another, but also the possibility of sending images and other tests to consult distant colleagues. This has undoubtedly enabled better health care for many patients. It is also possible for a patient to consult a doctor directly in a remote and synchronous way with oral and visual contact, thus establishing a new form of medical consultation. It is this last way of relationship, which has already spread as a practice in normal times, which arouses apprehensions about the ethical requirements that a consultation must meet. This work by the Ethics Department of the Chilean Medical Association seeks to reflect on the ethical demands of a medical consultation and on the shortcomings that teleconsultation has. It also aims to propose several recommendations, so that this new form of doctor-patient relationship serves as a complement to traditional care, without jeopardizing the objectives of a medical action.

5.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 32(2): 26-32, jun. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1365489

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Golimumab ha sido aprobado para el tratamiento de pacientes con artritis reumatoidea (AR), artritis psoriásica (APs) y espondiloartritis axial. Sin embargo, los datos provenientes de nuestra región son escasos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia, seguridad y sobrevida acumulada de golimumab en pacientes de la vida real con AR, APs y espondilitis anquilosante (EA) de diferentes centros de Argentina. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio longitudinal, en el que se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de AR (criterios ACR/EULAR 2010), APs (criterios CASPAR) y Espax (criterios ASAS 2009), que hayan iniciado tratamiento con golimumab de acuerdo a la indicación médica. Se obtuvieron los datos por revisión de historias clínicas. Se consignaron características sociodemográficas, clínicas, comorbilidades y tratamientos previos. Con respecto al golimumab, se registraron fecha de inicio, vía de administración y tratamientos concomitantes. Se determinó la actividad de la enfermedad mediante DAS28 en el caso de la AR, por DAPSA y MDA para APs y por BASDAI en el caso de Espax. Se consignó la presencia de eventos adversos (EA). En el caso de suspensión del tratamiento, se identificaron la fecha y motivo del mismo. Los pacientes fueron seguidos hasta la suspensión del golimumab, pérdida de seguimiento, muerte, o finalización del estudio (30 de noviembre de 2020). Resultados: Se incluyeron 182 pacientes, 116 con diagnóstico de AR, 30 con APs y 36 con Espax. La mayoría de ellos (70.9%) eran mujeres con una edad mediana (m) de 55 años (RIC 43.8-64) y una duración de la enfermedad m de 7 años (RIC 4-12.7) al inicio del tratamiento. El 34.6% de los mismos habían recibido al menos una droga modificadora de la enfermedad (DME) biológica (-b) o sintética dirigida (-sd) previamente. El seguimiento total fue de 318.1 pacientes/año. El tratamiento con golimumab mostró mejoría clínica en los tres grupos de pacientes. La incidencia de eventos adversos fue de 6.6 por 100 pacientes/año, siendo las infecciones las más frecuentes. Durante el seguimiento, 50 pacientes (27.5%) suspendieron golimumab, la causa más frecuente fue el fracaso del tratamiento (68%), seguida de la falta de cobertura (16%) y el desarrollo de eventos adversos (10%). La persistencia de golimumab fue del 76% y 68% a los 12 y 24 meses, respectivamente. Se registró una sobrevida de 50.2 meses (IC 95% 44.4-55.9). Los pacientes que habían recibido tratamiento previo con DME-b y/o -sd mostraron una menor sobrevida (HR 2.4, IC 95% 1.3-4.4). Conclusiones: El tratamiento con golimumab en pacientes de la vida real en Argentina ha demostrado una buena eficacia y seguridad. La sobrevida del fármaco fue de más de 4 años y casi el 80% seguía usando golimumab después de un año. El tratamiento previo con otros DME-b o -sd se asoció con una menor sobrevida al tratamiento.


Objectives: Golimumab is approved for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis. However, data from our region are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and cumulative survival of golimumab in real-life patients with RA, PsA and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpa) from different rheumatology centers in Argentina. Material and methods: We performed a longitudinal study of consecutive adults with RA (ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria), PsA (CASPAR criteria) and axSpa (ASAS 2009 criteria), who have started treatment with golimumab according to medical indication. Data was obtained by review of medical records. Sociodemographic and clinical data, musculoskeletal manifestations, comorbidities and previous treatments were recorded. In reference to golimumab treatment, start date, route of administration and concomitant treatments were identified. Disease activity was assessed using DAS28 for RA patients, DAPSA and MDA for PsA and BASDAI for axSpa. The presence of adverse events was recorded. If golimumab was stopped, date and cause was documented. Patients were followed up until golimumab discontinuation, loss of follow-up, death, or study completion (November 30, 2020). Results: In total 182 patients were included, 116 with a diagnosis of RA, 30 with PsA and 36 with axSpa. Most of them (70.9%) were female with a median (m) age of 55 years (IQR 43.8-64) and m disease duration of 7 years (IQR 4-12.7) at treatment initiation. Al least one prior biological (-b) and/or targeted synthetic (-ts) disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) was received by 63 patients (34.6%). Total follow-up was 318.1 patients/year. Golimumab treatment showed clinical improvement in all three groups of patients. The incidence of AE was 6.6 per 100 patients/year, being infections the most frequents ones. During follow-up, 50 patients (27.5%) discontinued golimumab, the most frequent cause was treatment failure (68%), followed by lack of health insurance (16%) and adverse events (10%). Golimumab persistence was 76% and 68% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Treatment survival was 50.2 months (95% CI 44.4-55.9). Patients who had received prior treatment with b- or ts-DMARDs showed lower survival (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.3-4.4). Conclusions: Golimumab treatment in real life patients in Argentina has shown good efficacy and safety. Drug survival was over 4 years and almost 80% were still using golimumab after one year. Prior treatment with other b- or ts-DMARDs was associated with lower treatment survival.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Survival , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Spondylarthritis
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(1)ene. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389350

ABSTRACT

Monomelic amyotrophy, also known as Hirayama disease, is a rare lower motor neuron syndrome due to localized lower motor neuron loss in the spinal cord at the cervical level. Clinically, monomelic amyotrophy is defined by the insidious onset of unilateral atrophy and weakness involving the hand and forearm, typically beginning in the second or third decade of life. We report 19-year-old man with a two years history of slowly progressive unilateral weakness and atrophy of his right-hand muscles. Neurological examination revealed weakness and atrophy in his intrinsic hand muscles, with sparing of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle. Also, mild atrophy of the ulnar aspect of the forearm was detected with sparing of the brachioradialis muscle. Electromyography showed active and chronic neurogenic changes affecting C8 and T1 myotomes, with mild chronic neurogenic changes on C7 myotome. Magnetic resonance imaging of his cervical spine revealed spinal cord atrophy involving C5 to C7 segments, associated with forward displacement of the posterior wall of the dura in cervical spine flexion. The clinical features associated with the imaging and electrophysiological findings support the diagnosis of monomelic amyotrophy.

9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(4): 542-547, abr. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508718

ABSTRACT

The discussion of a bill that allows medically assisted death (MAD) in Chile, revived the debate about the ethics of this practice. The Department of Ethics of the Chilean Medical Association herein analyzes arguments in favor or against the participation of the medical profession in MAD. Among the main arguments against the participation of physicians in this practice are that MAD conflicts with the basic ethical principles of medical practice, that it is contrary to the purposes of medicine and that it could erode the patients' and society's confidence in physicians. The arguments in favor are related to physician´s compassion and non-abandonment of patients during their illness, choosing palliative care and ushering them to the final instance. Additionally, there is social expectation that this practice will be carried out by trained physicians who can verify that the strict criteria established by the legislation are met, guarantee that it obeys to a repeated request of a fully capable patient, and who is able to deal with the complications of the procedure. In this document we aimed to represent the different perspectives about physicians' participation in MAD, offering arguments to colleagues and stimulating their participation in this important debate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Suicide, Assisted , Medicine , Chile , Dissent and Disputes , Ethics, Medical
10.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1125864

ABSTRACT

Las Miopatías Inflamatorias Autoinmunes (MI) comprenden un grupo de enfermedades heterogéneas con presentación y características clínicas variables. Se distinguen subtipos clínicos como Polimiositis (PM), Dermatomiositis (DM), Miositis por cuerpos de Inclusión (MCI), Miopatía Necrotizante Inmunomediada (MNIM), Miositis de los Síndromes de Superposición, formas juveniles de MI (DMJ), Síndrome Antisintetasa (SAS) y Miopatía Asociada a Cáncer (MAC). La presencia de anticuerpos séricos y el infiltrado inflamatorio en la biopsia de músculo sugiere que se trata de una condición autoinmune. Realizar el diagnóstico de las MI suele ser un desafío y las herramientas diagnósticas no siempre están disponibles en la práctica diaria. Se obtuvo información sobre la disponibilidad de estos métodos del Registro Argentino de Miopatías Inflamatorias. El estudio de enzimas musculares, Anticuerpos Antinucleares (ANA), anticuerpo anti-Jo-1 y la tomografía computada de tórax, estuvieron disponibles para la mayoría de los pacientes mientras que la Resonancia Magnética de musculo (RM), el estudio de difusión de monóxido de carbono (DLco) y la biopsia muscular se realizaron en menos del 50% de los casos. La determinación de otros anticuerpos específicos de miositis, de importancia en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la enfermedad se realizó, en mayor parte, a través de un subsidio de la SAR.


The Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM) comprise a heterogeneous group of acquired muscle diseases classified as polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM), Immuno Mediated Necrotizing Myopathies (IMNM), Overlap Myositis (OM), juvenile myositis, Antisynthethase Syndrome (ASS) and cancer related myositis (CAM). The presence of myositis specific antibodies in the serum and autoantibodies against target antigens and inflammatory infiltrates in muscle tissue suggests the autoimmune condition of the disease. The diagnosis of inflammatory myopathies is often a challenge and the disposal of diagnostic tools are not always available in daily practice. Information on the accessibility of these methods was obtained from the Argentine Register of Myopathies. The study of muscle enzymes, ANA, anti-Jo-1 antibodies and chest tomography were easy to get to most patients while muscle MRI, lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) and muscle biopsy were performed in less than 50% of cases. Other myositis specific antibodies, necessary for disease diagnosis and prognosis, were mostly done through a subsidy from the Argentine Rheumatology Society.


Subject(s)
Muscular Diseases , Rheumatology , Diagnosis , Antibodies
11.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 31(1): 8-11, ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1125865

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La resonancia magnética (RM) es una herramienta diagnóstica fundamental en la espondiloartritis (EspA) axial. Objetivo: Estimar el porcentaje de aciertos en el reconocimiento de lesiones en RM de EspA y conocimientos teóricos, antes y después de realizar una intervención educativa. Estimar si la buena performance en los test se asocia a características individuales de los médicos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, con intervención activa, se midieron los resultados antes y después de un test con 10 preguntas antes y después del desarrollo de un taller de imágenes de RM en EspA en ciudades distintas de Argentina. Se consideró buena performance a quienes lograron más de 12 puntos entre las dos evaluaciones. Resultados: Se evaluaron en total 106 médicos. Los resultados de los test (total 10 preguntas) antes y después del taller fueron 53% de respuestas correctas y 68% respectivamente (p: 0.000). El 65% de los médicos alcanzaron una buena performance (más de 12 respuestas correctas). Conclusión: El porcentaje de aciertos fue mayor después del taller en forma general, la buena performance no se asoció a ninguna característica especifica de los médicos evaluados.


Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a fundamental diagnostic tool in axial spondyloarthritis, it has allowed us, unlike radiography, to diagnose this pathology much earlier. Objective: To estimate the percentage of correct answers in the recognition of SpA MRI lesions and theoretical knowledge, before and after performing an educational intervention. Estimate if the good performance in the tests is associated with individual characteristics of the doctors. Methods: A test was carried out with 10 questions (7 for image recognition and 3 for theoretical knowledge) before and after the development of an MRI image workshop in EspA in diferents cities in Argentina. The correct response number was considered before and after the workshop, and those who achieved more than 12 points between the two evaluations were considered good performance. The following physician characteristics were collected. Results: A total of 106 physicians were evaluated. The results of the tests (total 10 questions) before and after the workshop were 53% and 68% correct, respectively (p:0.000). 65% of the physicians achieved a good performance (more than 12 correct).


Subject(s)
Spondylarthritis , Wounds and Injuries , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
12.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1123717

ABSTRACT

Las Miopatías Inflamatorias Autoinmunes (MI) comprenden un grupo de enfermedades heterogéneas con presentación y características clínicas variables. Se distinguen subtipos clínicos como Polimiositis (PM), Dermatomiositis (DM), Miositis por cuerpos de Inclusión (MCI), Miopatía Necrotizante Inmunomediada (MNIM), Miositis de los Síndromes de Superposición, formas juveniles de MI (DMJ), Síndrome Antisintetasa (SAS) y Miopatía Asociada a Cáncer (MAC).La presencia de anticuerpos séricos y el infiltrado inflamatorio en la biopsia de músculo sugiere que se trata de una condición autoinmune. Realizar el diagnóstico de las MI suele ser un desafío y las herramientas diagnósticas no siempre están disponibles en la práctica diaria. Se obtuvo información sobre la disponibilidad de estos métodos del Registro Argentino de Miopatías Inflamatorias. El estudio de enzimas musculares, Anticuerpos Antinucleares (ANA), anticuerpo anti-Jo-1 y la tomografía computada de tórax, estuvieron disponibles para la mayoría de los pacientes mientras que la Resonancia Magnética de musculo (RM), el estudio de difusión de monóxido de carbono (DLco) y la biopsia muscular se realizaron en menos del 50% de los casos. La determinación de otros anticuerpos específicos de miositis, de importancia en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la enfermedad se realizó, en mayor parte, a través de un subsidio de la SAR.


The Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM) comprise a heterogeneous group of acquired muscle diseases classified as polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), Inclusion Body Myositis(IBM), ImmunoMediated Necrotizing Myopathies, (IMNM), Overlap Myositis(OM), juvenile myositis, Antisynthethase Syndrome (ASS) and cancer related myositis(CAM).The presence of myositis specific antibodies in the serum and autoantibodies against target antigens and inflammatory infiltrates in muscle tissue suggests the autoimmune condition of the disease. The diagnosis of inflammatory myopathies is often a challenge and the disposal of diagnostic tools are not always available in daily practice. Information on the accessibility of these methods was obtained from the Argentine Register of Myopathies. The study of muscle enzymes, ANA, anti-Jo-1 antibodies and chest tomography were easy to get to most patients while muscle MRI, lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco%) and muscle biopsy were performed in less than 50% of cases. Other myositis specific antibodies, necessary for disease diagnosis and prognosis, were mostly done through a subsidy from the Argentine Rheumatology Society.


Subject(s)
Humans , Muscular Diseases , Rheumatology , Biopsy , Antibodies
13.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 31(1): 8-11, 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1123723

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La resonancia magnética (RM) es una herramienta diagnóstica fundamental en la espondiloartritis (EspA) axial. Objetivo: Estimar el porcentaje de aciertos en el reconocimiento de lesiones en RM de EspA y conocimientos teóricos, antes y después de realizar una intervención educativa. Estimar si la buena performance en los test se asocia a características individuales de los médicos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, con intervención activa, se midieron los resultados antes y después de un test con 10 preguntas antes y después del desarrollo de un taller de imágenes de RM en EspA en ciudades distintas de Argentina. Se consideró buena performance a quienes lograron más e 12 puntos entre las dos evaluaciones. Resultados: Se evaluaron en total 106 médicos. Los resultados de los test (total 10 preguntas) antes y después del taller fueron 53% de respuesta correctas y 68% respectivamente (p: 0.000). El 65% de los médicos alcanzaron una buena performance (más de 12 respuesta correctas). Conclusión: El porcentaje de aciertos fue mayor después del taller en forma general, la buena performance no se asoció a ninguna característica especifica de los médicos evaluados.


Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a fundamental diagnostic tool in axial spondyloarthritis, it has allowed us, unlike radiography, to diagnose this pathology much earlier. Objective: To estimate the percentage of correct answers in the recognition of SpA MRI lesions and theoretical knowledge, before and after performing an educational intervention. Estimate if the good performance in the tests is associated with individual characteristics of the doctors. Methods: A test was carried out with 10 questions (7 for image recognition and 3 for theoretical knowledge) before and after the development of an MRI image workshop in EspA in diferents cities in Argentina. The correct response number was considered before and after the workshop, and those who achieved more than 12 points between the two evaluations were considered good performance. The following physician characteristics were collected. Results: A total of 106 physicians were evaluated. The results of the tests (total 10 questions) before and after the workshop were 53% and 68% correct, respectively (p:0.000). 65% of the physicians achieved a good performance (more than 12 correct)


Subject(s)
Humans , Spondylarthritis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Sacroiliitis
14.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 30(4): 14-17, dic. 2019. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1122321

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El Síndrome doloroso regional complejo tipo 1 (SDRC) o Sudeck se caracteriza por manifestarse con dolor, tumefacción, trastornos sensoriales, disfunción vasomotora autonómica, cambios tróficos en los tejidos y trastornos en la motilidad del área afectada. Pudiendo ocurrir en una o varias regiones articulares, sin repercusión sistémica y sin modificar parámetros inflamatorios. Objetivo: Estimar el porcentaje de pacientes que desarrollan secuelas en el seguimiento y los factores asociados. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio Prospectivo, observacional, se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnostico de SDRC tipo 1 según criterios Budapest. Se consignaron variables demográficas, de las características de la enfermedad, tipo, tiempo y respuesta al tratamiento. Se definió secuelas según el registro de historias clinicas de el consultorio de riesgo de trabajo "alta con secuelas". Resultados: Se incluyeron 98 pacientes, de los cuales el 65,3 % eran mujeres, con una mediana de edad de 54 años (RIC: 45-61). El desarrollo de Secuelas (60%) se asoció con la, indicación precisa de rehabilitación (p 0,001). Conclusión: El 60 % de los pacientes desarrollaron secuelas en su seguimiento, las mismas se asociaron en forma independiente con la indicación de rehabilitación y en forma negativa con la buena respuesta al tratamiento.


Background/Purpose: complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a form of chronic pain that usually affects an arm or a leg. CRPS typically develops after an injury, a surgery, a stroke or a heart attack. The pain is out of proportion to the severity of the initial injury. CRPS is uncommon, and its cause isn't clearly understood. Methods: To estimate the percentage of patients with CRPS who develop disability and its associated factors. Consecutive patients older than 18 years old whose met Budapest criteria for CRPS type 1 were included. Demographic variables, time of follow-up, main cause of the disease and location, time between trauma and starting treatment were recorded from the electronic clinical history (ECH). Previous immobilization, type were recorded. of treatment, response to it and clinical manifestations. Disability was defined when there was a change in work activity. Results: 98 patients were included with at least one year of follow up, 65.3% were women. The median age is 54 years (45-61). The prevalence of disability was 60%. We found a significant and independent association with indication of rehabilitation (OR: 4.3 CI: 1.3-14) and response to treatment (OR: 0.078 CI: 0.023-0, 2). Conclusion: 60% of the patients developed disability in their follow-up, they were associated independently with the indication of rehabilitation and in a negative way with a good response to treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Complex Regional Pain Syndromes , Pain , Sensation Disorders , Chronic Pain
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(9): 1059-1063, set. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978797

ABSTRACT

Every so often, in Chile there is a discussion about the role of physicians in the care of people on hunger strike (HS). In this document, we review the ethical aspects of health care for persons in HS, aiming to provide guidelines to medical doctors who are required to attend them. First, we make an important distinction between HS and suicide, since the former is used as a protest and denunciation tool, while suicide seeks deliberately to end a life. Then we describe the three roles that the health professional can fulfill: as a treating doctor, as an expert or as an official of a prison. The respect for the autonomy and dignity of the person in HS must prevail whatever the role of the physician. Therefore, we maintain that under no circumstances, people who have autonomously decided to be in HS should be fed by force. Due to the complexity of the issue, we make special considerations about the management of minors and the non-competent persons in HS. In conclusion, we adhere to the principles that inspire the Declaration of Malta, which indicate that it would be preferable to "allow a person on hunger strike to die in dignity, rather than subjecting them to repeated interventions against their will".


Subject(s)
Humans , Fasting , Patient Rights/ethics , Ethics, Medical , Suicide , Chile , Patient Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Delivery of Health Care
16.
Rev. argent. reumatol ; 29(2): 43-51, jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-980541

ABSTRACT

La Resonancia Magnética (RM) se ha convertido en una herramienta diagnóstica fundamental en la EsP axial, ya que se considera la mejor técnica para la detección de lesiones agudas a nivel del esqueleto axial. Su utilización ha sido la mayor contribución, en los últimos años, en la comprensión del curso de esta enfermedad. Esto ha conducido a que, en los nuevos criterios de la Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) para la clasificación de EsP de predominio axial, constituya uno de los brazos de ingreso a los criterios (brazo de imágenes). Además, la cuantificación de inflamación en RM, se ha convertido en uno de los parámetros de desenlace en los ensayos clínicos


Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become a fundamental diagnostic tool in the axial SpA, since it is considered the best technique for the detection of acute lesions at the axial skeletal level. Its use has been the major contribution, in the last years, in the understanding of the course of this disease. This has led, in the new criteria of the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) for the classification of axial SpA, to constitute one of the entry arms to the criteria. In addition, the quantification of inflammation in MRI has become one of the outcome parameters in clinical trials


Subject(s)
Spondylitis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Spondylarthritis , Sacroiliitis
18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(9): 1198-1202, set. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902607

ABSTRACT

During the last years, bioethical discussion has highlighted the role of the patients' autonomy, being informed consent its particular expression, about decisions that they should make about their own health. The Hippocratic tradition, the deontological positions of the Geneva Declaration of the World Medical Association and numerous codes of ethics in various countries, require that the physician, above all, should ensure patients' health. In this context the discussion on pros and cons for the so-called "therapeutic privilege" are discussed. The "therapeutic privilege" refers to the withholding of information by the clinician during the consent process in the belief that disclosure of this information would lead to harm or suffering of the patient. The circumstances and conditions in which this privilege can become valid are discussed. Special reference is made in order to respect multiculturalism and to the possibility of obtaining advice from health care ethics committees. The role of prudence in the doctor-patient relation must be highlighted. Disclosure of information should be subordinated and oriented to the integral well-being of the patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Truth Disclosure/ethics , Ethics, Medical , Physician-Patient Relations/ethics , Personal Autonomy , Bioethical Issues , Informed Consent/ethics , Medicine/trends
19.
Coluna/Columna ; 16(2): 112-115, Apr.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890882

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Surgical treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration aims to restore the height of the disc space and the release of involved neurological structures. Like any surgical treatment in orthopedics, the success or failure of the lumbar procedure involves the possibility of performing an adequate planning of each particular event. In the case of lumbar stabilization surgery with interbody fusion, it is essential to know the ideal height of the disc space for the fusion to be successful. Objective: To demonstrate that the ideal height of the disc space corresponds approximately to one third of the height of the vertebral body. Methods: X-ray images were taken in AP and lateral views of hospital residents to measure L4-L5 vertebral bodies as well as the disc space. The rule of three was used to check the height of the disc and vertebral bodies. Results: It was verified that the disc space corresponds to 31% of the size of the vertebral body, taking 0.31 as the constant. Conclusions: The size of the disc corresponds to one third of the vertebral body, taking 0.31 as the constant. The multiplication of the constant by the height of the vertebral body results in the exact height of the disc. Thus, in the presence of degeneration of the intervertebral disc, it is possible to know the size of the disc and, therefore, the size of the interbody cage.


RESUMO O tratamento cirúrgico da degeneração de disco intervertebral visa restaurar a altura do espaço discal e a liberação de estruturas neurológicas envolvidas. Como qualquer tratamento cirúrgico em ortopedia, o sucesso ou fracasso do procedimento lombar envolve a possibilidade de realizar um planejamento adequado de cada evento em particular. Em se tratando de cirurgia de estabilização lombar com fusão intersomática, é essencial conhecer a altura ideal do espaço discal para que a fusão seja bem-sucedida. Objetivo: Demonstrar que a altura ideal do espaço discal corresponde aproximadamente a um terço da altura do corpo vertebral. Métodos: Foram realizadas radiografias em visão AP e lateral em residentes do hospital para fazer a medição dos corpos vertebrais do segmento funcional L4-L5, assim como do espaço discal. Realizou-se uma comprovação da regra de três com a altura do disco e dos corpos vertebrais. Resultados: Verificou-se que o espaço discal equivale a 31% do tamanho do corpo vertebral, tomando-se como constante 0,31. Conclusão: O tamanho do disco é correspondente a um terço do corpo vertebral, tomando-se um constante 0,31. A multiplicação da constante pela altura do corpo vertebral resulta na altura exata do disco. Assim sendo, em presença de degeneração do disco intervertebral, é possível conhecer o tamanho do disco e, portanto, o tamanho do cage intersomático.


RESUMEN El tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad discal degenerativa tiene como objetivo reestablecer la altura del espacio discal y la liberación de estructuras neurológicas involucradas. Como cualquier tratamiento quirúrgico en ortopedia, el éxito o fracaso de la cirugía lumbar consiste en la posibilidad de realizar una adecuada planeación de cada evento en particular. Hablando de la cirugía de estabilización lumbar con fusión intersomática, conocer la altura ideal del espacio discal es indispensable para una fusión exitosa. Objetivo: Demostrar que la altura ideal del espacio discal corresponde aproximadamente a una tercera parte de la altura del cuerpo vertebral. Métodos: Fueron tomadas radiografías en vista AP y lateral de residentes del hospital para realizar la medición de los cuerpos vertebrales del segmento funcional L4-L5 así como del espacio discal. Se realizó una comprobación de la regla de tres con la altura discal y de los cuerpos vertebrales. Resultados: Se encontró que el espacio discal equivale al 31% del tamaño del cuerpo vertebral, tomándose como constante 0,31. Conclusión: El tamaño del disco equivale a la tercera parte del cuerpo vertebral, tomándose la constante 0,31. La multiplicación de la constante por la altura del cuerpo vertebral, resulta en la altura exacta del disco. Por lo tanto, en presencia de discartrosis, es posible conocer el tamaño del disco y, por lo tanto, el tamaño de la caja intersomática.


Subject(s)
Humans , Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/surgery , Spinal Fusion , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Diskectomy
20.
Rev. argent. reumatol ; 28(4): 28-33, 2017. grafs
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-912743

ABSTRACT

Hasta hace algunos años, se consideraban a los ACPAs como el resultado de un epifenómeno de la respuesta inmune en la AR, su detección se centraba en el diagnóstico y clasificación de los pacientes. Recientemente se ha comenzado a demostrar fehacientemente que los ACPAs cumplen un rol central en la fisiopatología de la AR. En esta revisión, exponemos de forma exhaustiva la relación de estos anticuerpos con los factores genéticos ambientales, su interrelación con la función de células T y su participación en la diferenciación de osteoclastos, puntualizando en su dinámica de concentración, isotipos y modificaciones momentos antes del desarrollo de la AR. También hacemos hincapié en otros procesos de modificación de proteínas que se presentan en la AR, como por ejemplo la carbamilación. Por último, resaltamos las implicancias terapéuticas que podrían tener la seropositividad y la seroconversión de estos anticuerpos


Subject(s)
Antibodies , Arthritis, Rheumatoid
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