DNA ploidy and S - phase fraction in the patients of chronic HCV and hepatocellular carcinomas

In this study, 400 blue Feulgen-stained nuclei were measured from each lesion using DNA image cytometry. The histopathological and cytopathological observations revealed that 52 cases had variable degrees of chronic hepatitis, 12 cases were emerging into cirrhosis; while 11 cases represented different grades of HCC. Most of cases with minimal or mild chronic hepatitis were females, while most of the males had moderate or severe chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC. DNA image analysis data helped in the histological observations. All of chronic hepatitis C and cirrhotic cases showed normal diploid and/or tetraploid histograms; while they showed increasing S-phase fractions' values of the highly diseased chronic hepatitis and cirrhotic cases. Hepatocellular carcinomas and one cirrhotic case only revealed aneuploidy [diploid and tetraploid], while one case of poorly differentiated HCC revealed multi-ploid histogram

Assessment of some acute phase proteins and C-erb B-2 in schistosomal infected and bladder cancer patients in Egypt

The present study included 54 cases suffering from bladder cancer, 21 cases of schistosomal patients and 9 healthy control subjects. Urinary bladder tissues of the selected diseased groups were subjected to immunohistochemical identification of C-erb B-2. Alpha-1- antitrypsin [AlAT], haptoglobin [HP], alpha-2- macroglobulin [alpha-2-MG], retinol binding protein [Rbp] and transferrin [TRP] were measured in serum of all investigated groups. Tissue samples were taken from 68 bladder cancer patients, 32 cases were positive for immunostaining of C-erb B-2 and 35 cases showed negative immunostaining. There was a significant increase in the mean serum levels of AlAT of bladder cancer patients as compared with control and schistosomal patients. The levels of HP were significantly increased in both schistosomal and bladder cancer patients as compared with control group. On the other hand, there were no remarkable differences in the levels of alpha-2-MG. Rbp and TRF were observed between the three investigated groups. Nevertheless, there was significant increase in serum level of alpha-2-MG for both grades II and III as compared with grade I. Also, significant differences were recorded in the mean serum levels of TRF between the two histopathological types; namely, squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] and transitional cell carcinoma [TCC]