Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil from dried leaves of Eucalyptus staigeriana / Atividade antimicrobiana e antibiofilme do óleo essencial de folhas secas de Eucalyptus staigeriana

In recent years, compounds with biological properties produced by plants have received attention as an alternative to control microorganisms. Essential oils extracted from green leaves of Eucalyptus sp. have been demonstrated to have antimicrobial activities, but so far there are no reports of antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from dried leaves of Eucalyptus staigeriana. So, the objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from dried leaves of E. staigeriana (EOdlES) and to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of EOdlES against gram-positive and gram-negative, resistance and multiresistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from food and clinical samples. The characterization of EOdlES was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). For this study, 26 bacterial strains were used, which included 11 reference strains and 15 antibiotic resistant and multiresistant E. faecalis strains. Antimicrobial activities of EOdlES against gram-positive and gram-negative were determined using the disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was evaluated by a microbroth dilution technique. The antibiofilm effects were assessed by microtiter plate method. As a result, 21 compounds were identified, being oxygenated monoterpenes (69.58%) the major chemical family. EOdlES showed only antimicrobial activity against gram-positive strains. E. faecalis resistant and multiresistant strains show the lowest MIC (3.12 to 6.25%), when compared with reference E. faecalis strain. EOdlES has the ability to inhibit the biofilm formation, but little or none ability to inhibit the preformed biofilm. This study demonstrates that EOdlES is a promising alternative to control important foodborne and clinic gram-positive resistant bacteria.(AU)

Nos últimos anos, compostos com propriedades biológicas produzidas por plantas têm recebido atenção como alternativa de controle de micro-organismos. Óleos essenciais extraídos de folhas verdes de Eucalyptus sp. têm demonstrado atividades antimicrobianas. No entanto, até o momento não há nenhum relato de atividade antimicrobiana de óleos essenciais extraídos de folhas secas de Eucalyptus staigeriana. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a composição química dos óleos essenciais obtidos de folhas secas de E. staigeriana e avaliar in vitro a sua atividade antimicrobiana e de antibiofilme contra gram-positivas e gram-negativas e também resistentes e multirresistentes de Enterococcus faecalis isolados de amostras de alimentos e clínicas. A caracterização de E. staigeriana foi realizada por CG-EM. Para este estudo foram utilizadas 26 cepas bacterianas, que incluíram 11 cepas referência e 15 cepas de E. faecalis resistentes a antibióticos. A atividade antimicrobiana de E. staigeriana contra gram-positivas e gram-negativas foi determinada utilizando o método de disco-difusão. Os valores da concentração inibitória mínima foram avaliados pela técnica de microdiluição. Os efeitos de antibiofilme foram avaliados pelo método de placa de microtitulação. Como resultado, 21 compostos foram identificados, sendo monoterpenos oxigenados (69,58%) a grande família química. E. staigeriana mostrou apenas atividade antimicrobiana contra cepas gram-positivas. Cepas de E. faecalis resistentes e multirresistentes mostraram a menor concentração inibitória mínima (3,12 para 6,25%) quando comparado com a cepa referência de E. faecalis. E. staigeriana apresentou a capacidade de inibir a formação de biofilme, mas pouca ou nenhuma capacidade de inibir o biofilme pré-formado. Este estudo demonstra que o óleo essencial obtido de folhas secas de E. staigeriana é uma alternativa promissora para controle importante de bactérias gram-positivas resistentes de origem alimentar e clínicas.(AU)

Genus Mikania: chemical composition and phytotherapeutical activity

The genus Mikania ranks high in the list of best-selling natural products in the world. Its main distribution is in South America, but some species are found in Asia, North America and Africa. It is used for treating fever, rheumatism, colds and respiratory diseases, as well as snake bites and scorpion stings, due to its broad spectrum of action. There are approximately 430 species of this genus and only 12% have been studied, highlighting their chemical and pharmacological diversity. The main chemical groups are: coumarins and derivatives, sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpenes lactones, diterpenes, phytosterols/terpenoids and flavonoids. This review aims to supply useful references for scientists interested in natural products and the search for new compounds, from over the 300 already described for the genus.