Effect of low power laser in biomodulation of cultured osteoblastic cells of Wistar rats

Abstract Purpose: To analyze aspects of the biomodulating effect of light in biological tissues, bone cells from surgical explants of the femur of rats were irradiated with low intensity laser. Methods: Bone cells were cultured and irradiated with LASER light (GaAlAs). Growth, cell viability, mineralized matrix formation, total protein dosage, immunostimulatory properties, cytochemical analysis, gene expression of bone proteins were examined using live cell imaging and cell counting by colorimetric assay. The gene expression of: alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type 1 collagen, osteocalcin and osteopontin through the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: At 8 days, the viability of the irradiated culture was 82.3% and 72.4% in non-irradiated cells. At 18 days, the cellular viability (with laser) was 77.42% and 47.62% without laser. At 8 days, the total protein concentration was 21.622 mg / mol in the irradiated group and 16, 604 mg / mol in the non-irradiated group and at 18 days the concentration was 37.25 mg / mol in the irradiated group and 24, 95 mg / mol in the non-irradiated group. Conclusion: The laser interfered in the histochemical reaction, cell viability, matrix mineralization, and maintained the cellular expression of proteins

Influence of low-level laser irradiation on osteocalcin protein and gene expression in bone tissue1

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate osteocalcin gene and protein expression in vitro and in an in vivo model of ostectomy. Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were assigned into two groups A (n=10, laser) and B (n=10, control). Ostectomy was performed in the femur diaphysis; the twenty fragments removed, composed in vitro groups named as in vivo (A and B) and cultivated in CO2 atmosphere for thirteen days. Low-level laser irradiation was performed in groups A (in vivo and in vitro) by an GaAlAs device (λ=808 nm, dose of 2J/cm2, power of 200mW, power density of 0.2W/cm2, total energy of 1.25J, spot diameter of 0.02mm) for 5 seconds, at one point, daily. It was performed immunocytochemistry assays in vivo and in vitro groups. In vitro groups were also submitted to RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis and gene expression by quantitative PCR. Statistical analysis was realized with p<0.05. Results: Immunocytochemistry scores showed no significant differences between control and laser groups either in vivo and in vitro. Gene expression also showed no statistical differences. Conclusion: Low-level laser irradiation did not alter osteocalcin protein and gene expression in vivo and in vitro in the studied period but it may have been expressed them in an earlier period.

A visão do ortopedista brasileiro sobre a descarga parcial de peso em ortostase nas fraturas expostas da diáfise da tíbia após osteossíntese / The view of Brazilian orthopedists on partial weight bearing in open fractures of the tibial shaft following osteosynthesis

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: As fraturas da diáfise da tíbia são as mais frequentes dentre as dos ossos longos. Há descrições na literatura, de acordo com o método e dispositivo de tratamento, com recomendações que vão desde a descarga total até a proibição do suporte de peso corporal em ortostase. Existem estudos comparando os dispositivos de osteossíntese e os diversos aspectos cirúrgicos, porém não são encontradas referências que descrevam como e quando se deve liberar a descarga sobre o membro acometido na posição ortostática. OBJETIVOS: Verificar, entre os ortopedistas brasileiros, qual ou quais são os métodos de osteossíntese adotados para o tratamento de fraturas expostas de tíbia, se indicam o tratamento fisioterápico, quando e quais fatores influem para liberar a descarga parcial em ortostase, tanto para a função quanto para a fisioterapia. MÉTODOS: 235 ortopedistas responderam a um questionário durante o XIV Congresso Brasileiro de Trauma Ortopédico. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que, no Brasil, o dispositivo de osteossíntese mais utilizado é o fixador externo (FE), porém a descarga de peso em pé ocorre mais precocemente quando são utilizadas as hastes intramedulares. A grande maioria dos ortopedistas indica fisioterapia, e o período para liberação de descarga de peso parcial em ortostatismo varia de acordo com o material de síntese utilizado. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que há preferência pelos FEs, a grande maioria indica tratamento fisioterápico e o material de síntese influencia o tempo de liberação de descarga parcial de peso em ortostatismo.

BACKGROUND: Tibial shaft fractures are the most frequent among long bone fractures. They are described in the literature according to the device and method of treatment, with recommendations that range from full weight bearing to non-weight bearing restrictions. There are studies comparing osteosynthesis devices and surgical aspects, but no references were found on how or when to allow weight bearing on the affected limb in the standing position. OBJECTIVES: The present study learned from Brazilian orthopedists which methods of osteosynthesis they use to treat open tibial fractures, whether they refer patients to physical therapy, when and why they allow partial weight bearing for both physical activity and therapy. METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-five orthopedists answered a questionnaire during the 14th Brazilian Conference of Orthopedic Trauma. Results: The results showed that, in Brazil, the most widely used osteosynthesis device is the external fixator, but earlier weight bearing while standing occurs when intramedullary nails are used. Most orthopedists refer patients to physical therapy and allow partial weight bearing in the standing position according to the material used for synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that there is a preference for external fixation, that most orthopedists refer patients to physical therapy and that the synthesis material influences restrictions on partial weight bearing.

Análise eletromiográfica de músculos do quadril em diferentes tipos de apoio monopodálico / Electromyography assessment of hip muscles in different types of monopodal weight bearing

Estudou-se a ação muscular na biomecânica da extremidade proximal do têmur com o intuito de acrescentar um parâmetro objetivo nas decisÒes médicas quanto à sustentação do peso e à reabilitação após fraturas nessa região. Foram avaliadas, por meio da eletromiografia de superfície, as atividades elétricas de cinco músculos da região do quadril de 40 voluntários sadios, nove femininos e 31 masculinos, com idade entre 21 e 55 anos, em quatro situaçÒes diferentes, sendo três com carga e um sem carga. As mediçÒes foram realizadas estaticamente, em ortostase. Observou-se que a situação de apoio total proporcionou atividade elétrica muscular global significativamente menor e melhor distribuída entre os grupos musculares, em comparação com as outras situaçÒes propostas

Método de avaliaçäo da hipotrofia muscular por desuso empregando eletromiografia de superfície / Evaluation method of the muscular hypotrophy caused by lack of use employing surface electromyography

This article presents an evaluation method of muscular atrophy caused by lack of use, employing surface electromyography.Describes a new instrument to measure muscular activity in a practical an reliabe way.For the performance of 96 tests, four muscles were select: wrist flexors, biceps rectus femoris, and the gastrocnemius.These were implemented in two groups: (1) comtrol group and (2) experimental group.The results obtained in all muscular groups measurered showed that the reason reference/affected in group (2) presented a variation of 27 percentage to 142 percentage comparared to reason dominant / contralateral in group (1), confirming the unbalance among the members in the experimental group.In the control group the variabily was much smaller than the difference obtained in the limbs tested, showing this to be an auxiliary instrument in prescription an evolution of rehabilitation treatments