ABSTRACT
Along with the constant increase in world population and consequently, the growing need to provide cellulose, as the most abundant organic substance in nature to produce cellulose products, concerns regarding the possible contamination of these products might cause skin, and genital and urinary infections. The aim of this study is to determine the possible microbial contamination of these products supplied in the city of Tehran. This is a descriptive study on 200 samples of unexpired cellulose products including napkins, nappies, sanitary napkin, and cardboard boxes to carry sweets. Fifty samples were obtained in the city of Tehran during six months from September 2011 to February 2012. Microbial contamination was investigated according to the procedure proposed by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. The results obtained indicate that 18 samples [9%] exceeded the level allowed for aerobic bacteria and molds in one gram of specimens. Besides, 16 samples [8%] were contaminated with at least one of the following bacteria: Streptococcus Group D, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A total of 34 samples [17%] could not be consumed. The least and the most contaminated products were sanitary napkins [0.5%] and cardboard boxes to carry sweets [5%], respectively. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in cellulose products that could cause skin, and genital and urinary tract infections asks for more control over such sanitary products
ABSTRACT
Burns are among the most important accidents related to human health, which receive great attention due to severe complications and high mortality rate. Burn is the fourth leading cause of trauma in the world, and generally divided into three groups, electrical, chemical and thermal. In this a comparison between open and closure dressing in healing and reconstruction of injury was investigated This is a clinical trial study; two hundred burn out patients referred to Motahari hospital were selected and divided into two groups over a period of 16 months from the July 2011 till November 2012.The selected patients had second degree burn with 5.2% extent. Both groups and treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine cream and dressing were made once daily. Duration treatment the healing of each patient was recorded on checklists. Chi-square test and spss were used to analyze the data. Burns from the heat of 170 patients 85%] was greater than the electrical and chemical burns groups. Burn with boiling with 114 cases 57 percent] was the most, compared to electrical and chemical. The mean duration of treatment in open dressing was shorter than closure dressing P <0.001. The results of this study showed that burn with boiling water was the most compared to chemical and electrical. The duration of healing time and hospitalization in open dressing was shorter than closure dressing. It seems to be a preventive program such attention to safety in the home and workplace should be applied
ABSTRACT
Dental caries in children caused by repeatable consumption of sweet product especially at night, that itself mostly depend on economic and cultural background of the society and family. One of the most common diseases of human being is dental caries, which are caused by many factors, such as microorganisms, dieting, passing time, and the host itself. Among the microorganisms Streptococci mutants play the major role in causing dental caries. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of Streptococci mutants in dental caries between two groups of children sensitive and resistance to caries. This was a cross-sectional research, in which 120 children [60 susceptible and 60 resistance] aged between 3 to 5 referred to Tehran University dental school were selected randomly. The selection criteria for the sensitive and resistance dental caries were dmfs > 5 and dmfs < 10 respectively. None of the groups had used any drug or fluoride products before sampling. Saliva of both groups were collected, and transferred to the specific culture media [Mitis Salivarious Agar]. After incubation at 37 Degree°C colonies of S.mutans were counted. There was a significant difference between the number of colony counting [cfu/ml] with age and consumption of repeated sugar product, while. there was no significant difference between [cfu/ml] sex, oral hygiene, and nutrition period during infancy. The results of this study showed that the consumption of sugar product in childhood results in dental carries
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Caries/microbiology , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Although vancomycine is used for the treatment of methicillin resistant Staphylococci, but vancomycine alone might not be effective for the treatment of methicillin resistant Staphylococci in compromised host. In the same time antimicrobial activity of cefepim on gram positive bacteria especially Staphylococci is well known. In this study the synergism effect of cefepim and vavcomycin on positive and negative coagulase Staphylococci in vitro condition was investigated. In total, 100 clinical samples of coagulase positive and negative Staphylococci were isolated from urine and blood samples from patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital during one year and identified .The modified Bauer-Kirby were used for the antibiotic susceptibility and macrodilution method for the MIC according to NCCLS procedure. The results showed that after adding vancomycin to cefepime in concentration from 0.05+ 0.5 ml micro g/ml, to 0.8+8 ml micro g/ml, growth reduction reached from 3.5% to 100%.The synergism effect of the two mentioned antibiotics on coagulase negative Staphylococci resistant to methicillin were shown that from concentration of 0.05+ 0.5 ml micro g/ml to 0.8+8 ml micro g/ml, a reduction in growth from 4.5% to 100% was observed. The results of this study showed that vancomycin and cefepime has synergic effect on Staphylococci