Iatrogenic Isolated Ruptured Dorsalis Pedis Artery Pseudo Aneurysm : A Rare Case Report

A Dorsalis Pedis Artery (DPA) pseudo aneurysm is one of the most uncommon peripheral arterial aneurysms. These aneurysms can cause distal embolization and thrombosis, leading to limb loss. However, their rupture is unusual1. Any type of injury or perhaps an iatrogenic intervention can cause a pseudo localized swelling of the dorsalis pedis artery, which is a relatively unusual condition. Whenever it presents as a non-pulsatile soft tissue mass in the presence or absence of a specific predeceasing event, it can lead to a difficult diagnostic dilemma2. The rare instance of an iatrogenic pseudo aneurysm of the dorsalis pedis artery which mimicked cellulitis of the right foot is discussed in this case report. Coil embolization of the proximal artery, and the aneurysm was successfully done by the intervention radiologist. After the procedure, collateral circulation was maintained. No ischemic symptoms such as intermittent claudication or pain at rest were observed. This approach may be useful in treating similar cases

Frequency of Chromosomally Encoded gyrA and parC Genetic Determinants of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in A. baumannii

Fluoroquinolones are administered as routine drugs of choice for treating complicated urinary tract infections caused by multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. It is now a world-wide issue that gyr and par induced quinolone resistance as one of the major drug resistance mechanisms. This investigation is thus aimed to assess the prevalence of quinolone resistance and to characterize the gyrA and parC producing strains of A. baumannii. Genomic DNA from 50 fluoroquinolone resistant A. baumannii were screened for gyrA and parC by PCR for the genetic relatedness with fluoroquinolone resistance, with sequencing of the representative strains. All the strains were positive for gyrA(100%) and 82% (n=41)for parC. Presence of parC was observed in 56.09% (n=23) ciprofloxacin resistant A. baumannii with 43.90% (n=18) in levofloxacin resistant A baumannii. The findings of the present study showed the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance among A. baumannii in urinary tract infections and the frequency of gyrA and parC in inducing the resistance

Influence of Alteration of Dry Period Feeding Management on Body Weight and Body Measurements of Jersey Crossbred Cows at Lower Gangetic Region

Alteration during far off dry period feeding management was done to see its effect on body weight and body measurements of Jersey cross bred cows. This study was conducted on 14 healthy dairy animals which were separated into two comparable groups on the basis of almost similar age groups, parity, body weight, and body condition score. Statistically analyzed data revealed that there was significantly higher (p<0.01) tail head thickness in overall dry period and at calving in control group animals than treatment group animals. Significantly higher (p<0.01) overall abdominal girth after 4 months of lactation was found in control group animals as compared to treatment group animals. Significantly higher (p<0.01) body length during overall dry period and at calving was noticed in control group animals. Non significant (p>0.05) difference was reported in body weight and heart girth among control and treatment group animals. The coefficients of correlation indicated high and significant (P<0.01) correlation among body condition score, tail head thickness, body length, heart girth, abdominal girth in this study. It can be concluded that alteration of feeding management practices during far-off dry period does not significantly change body weight during dry period and post partum period but can lead to significant difference in some body measurements of Jersey crossbred cows at tropical lower Gangetic region. Correlation of parameters suggested that the larger body sized animal of same breed may produce more milk.

Life cycle assessment of Chlorella species producing biodiesel and remediating wastewater

4,5-Dihydroxyanthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (Rhein) has been shown to have various physiological and pharmacologicalproperties including anticancer activity and modulatory effects on bioenergetics. In this study, we explored the impact ofrhein on protein profiling of undifferentiated (UC) and differentiated (DC) SH-SY5Y cells. Besides that, the cellularmorphology and expression of differentiation markers were investigated to determine the effect of rhein on retinoic acidinduced neuronal cell differentiation. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry we evaluated the changes in the proteome of both UC and DC SH-SY5Y cellsafter 24 h treatment with rhein. Validation of selected differentially expressed proteins and the assessment of neuronaldifferentiation markers were performed by western blotting. Proteomic analysis revealed significant changes in theabundance of 15 proteins linked to specific cellular processes such as cytoskeleton structure and regulation, mitochondrialfunction, energy metabolism, protein synthesis and neuronal plasticity. We also observed that the addition of rhein to thecultured cells during differentiation resulted in a significantly reduced neurite outgrowth and decreased expression ofneuronal markers. These results indicate that rhein may strongly interfere with the differentiation process of SH-SY5Yneuroblastoma cells and is capable of inducing marked proteomic changes in these cells

Kangaroo mother care for low birth weight babies: supportive factors and barriers

Background: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is skin-to-skin contact between mother and low birth weight (LBW) baby. It keeps the baby warm, increases accessibility to breast feeding, and protects the baby from infections. This study was done to identify supportive factors and barriers in practicing KMC as perceived by mothers of LBW babies and health care personnel (HCP).Methods: It was a questionnaire based descriptive study. Mothers of LBW babies and HCP were enrolled in study. Mothers and HCP were sensitized regarding KMC and after practicing KMC for 3 days, mothers were interviewed with the help of a predefined proforma. Feedback from the HCP was also taken. Data analysis was performed by using IBM SPSS ver. 20 software.Results: Most common factor in initiation and practice of KMC were, knowledge regarding KMC after training (100%), environmental factors (privacy and resources) (87.27%) and support from HCP (94.54%). Most common barriers perceived during performance of KMC were lack of knowledge about KMC during pregnancy (80%), pain due to LSCS/episiotomy (64.54%) and lack of support from family members (51.81%). Majority of the HCP strongly agree that parents must be encouraged to adopt KMC (82.92%), KMC is hampered due to presence of visitors in the ward (73.17%). KMC needs separate room (68.29%) and it is difficult due to LSCS (51.21%).Conclusions: To increase KMC practice, mother's knowledge about KMC can be improved by educating them in antenatal clinics and all HCP should receive training on KMC.

Evaluation of Clinical Outcome of Patients Undergoing Emergency Laparotomy with the Help of Portsmouth Predictor Equation for Mortality (P-Possum Score)

Introduction: Emergency laparotomy, though lifesaving, mayresult in significant morbidity and mortality. In an attempt toclinically evaluate patients undergoing emergency laparotomyand predict their mortality using the worldwide acceptedPortsmouth Predictor equation for mortality (P POSSUM), thepresent study was undertaken in the Surgery department of atertiary care hospital in eastern India.Material and methods: This observational cross-sectionalstudy included 60 patients aged between 15 to 75 years,undergoing emergency laparotomy during the specified studyperiod of one and half years.Results: It was observed that out of 60 patients, 63.3%were male, and mean age was 40.60 (16.67) years. Pepticperforation was the most common indication for laparotomy.Mean P POSSUM predicted mortality risk was 40.617%(Range-0.8 to 99.7). Twenty-four patients died during hospitalstay. ROC curve analysis of P POSSUM scores revealed thatif a cut off value of P POSSUM score of 42.45% was selected,mortality could be predicted with a sensitivity of 70.80% anda specificity of 83.30%.Conclusion: Thus, P POSSUM might be a useful tool inpredicting risk of short-term mortality following emergencylaparotomy

Formulation and evaluation of folic acid conjugated gliadin nanoparticles of curcumin for targeting colon cancer cells.

Preparation of folic acid (FA) conjugated (FA-CUR-GNPs) and non-conjugated (CUR-GNPs) gliadin nanoparticles of curcumin were successfully formulated by desolvation method for oral delivery of drug for targeting colon cancer cell. F1, F3, F5 (conjugated) and F2, F4, F6 (Non-conjugated) were formulated using various drug-polymer ratio (1:2). They were further characterized by FTIR, Mass spectroscopy, NMR, solubility studies, entrapment efficiency, TEM, particle size, surface charge, In-vitro release studies, In vivo toxicity studies and simultaneously evaluated. F3 (curcumin 10mg, gliadin 20mg and FA 5mg) and F4 (curcumin 10mg and gliadin 20 mg) were found as the optimized formulation among both the categories. For F3 and F4 formulations; average particle size (168.1 and 195.7nm), zeta potential (-16.5 and -24.4mV), cumulative % drug release (92.92 and 94%) and In vivo toxicity studies were conducted and compared with the control (phosphate-buffer saline, pH 6.8) reveals no toxicity. From the characterization and evaluation studies it was identified that F4 (FA-CUR-GNPs) had better solubility, In vitro release profile and no specified In-vivo toxicity than F3 (CUR-GNPs) formulation with nano-range particle size throughout the experiment. Improved bioavailability and increase targeting capacity toward colon cancer tumor cells were successfully achieved.

An evaluation of self medication among undergraduate medical students of a rural medical school from western Uttar Pradesh.

Background: Common problems related to self medication are wastage of resources and increasing antimicrobial resistance. They generally entail serious health hazards such as adverse reaction and prolonged suffering. Aim: The study aimed to analyze the pattern, factors influencing and potential adverse effects of self-medication among the undergraduate medical students Material and methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out by the Department of Pharmacology, MSDS Medical College, Fatehgarh among the undergraduate students currently studying in a rural medical school from western Uttar Pradesh. A 25 item self administered questionnaire was administered to the students in the classrooms just after completion of classes. Time allocated for the completion of the questionnaire was 30 minutes. After compilation of collected data, analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21 (IBM, Chicago, USA). Results: Data of 256 study subjects was analyzed. Overall prevalence of self medication among study subjects was found to be 71.5% (87.6% among males and 50.5% among females). 82.5% had trust in allopathic medicine system. 81.5% students learnt self medication from doctors prescriptions provided during their prior illness. Regarding categories of drugs commonly self-prescribed, they commonly used antipyretics (81.4%), anti-tussives (72.1%) and analgesics (68.9%). ‘Illness too trivial for consultation’ was the most common (71%) reason for self-medication cited by them. Almost 69% of them were aware of possible adverse effects. 7.7% of them even experienced the side effects of self-medication. Conclusion: The study highlighted growing trend of self-medication among medical students. Policies prohibiting the supply of medicines without a valid prescription should be enforced strictly. A robust monitoring system among the physicians and pharmacists is need of an hour.

Post Harvest Management and value addition in Bael (Aegle marmelos Corr.).

Abstract The bael fruit is known for its medicinal properties and is one of the most nutritious fruits. It contains 61.5 g of water, 1.8 g of protein, 1.7 g of minerals, 31.8 g of carbohydrates and 1.19 mg of riboflavin/100 g edible portion. Its food value is 88 calories/100gm. Thus, it is richer than most of the reputed fruits like apple, guava and mango which have a calorific value of only 64, 59 and 36 respectively. It may be noted that no other fruits has such a high content of riboflavin. They are useful in curing dyspepsia, dysentery, diarrhea, vitiated condition of vata, vomiting, cardiopalmus, stomachalgia, intermittent fever, seminal weakness, swelling, uropathy and gastric irritability in infants. The bark decoction for malaria and leaves are useful in opthalmia, deafness, and diabetes and asthmatic complaints. The flowers allay thirst vomiting. The unripe fruits are acrid, astringent, bitter, digestive, sour, stomachia and are useful in dysentery-diarrhea and stomachalgia. Bael fruit can be stored for 10-15 days at normal temperature, whereas fruit harvested at ripe stage can be stored for a week. After extractionof bael pulp used for the preparation of various fruit products viz., preserve, candy, jam, RTS, nectar squash/leather/slab, powder etc., which can be commercially exploited.

Facial nerve injury following surgery for temporomandibular joint ankylosis: A prospective clinical study.

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the incidence and degree of facial nerve damage and time taken for its recovery following surgery for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 subjects with the TMJ ankylosis with or without history of previous surgery were included in this prospective study. House-Brackmann grading system was used to assess the function of the facial nerve post-operatively. Results: Most of the subjects were in the age range of 13-15 years. Eight subjects had bilateral ankylosis and remaining 22 had unilateral ankylosis. Out of 32 joints in which gap arthroplasty was performed, 4 had Grade 1 injury, 14 had Grade 2 injury, 12 had Grade 3, and 2 with the Grade 4 injury 24 h post-operatively. Whereas, out of 6 cases of interpositional arthroplasty 4 had Grade 1 injury and 2 had Grade 4 injury. According to House-Brackmann grading system, at 24 h, 78.9% patients had different grades of facial nerve injury, which gradually improved and came to normal limits within 1-3 months post-operatively. Comparison of change in the Grade of injury at 3 months follow-up as compared to baseline (24 h) showed full recovery in all the cases (100%) showing a statistically significant difference from baseline (P < 0.001). Conclusion: When proper care is taken during surgery for TMJ ankylosis, permanent facial nerve injury is rare. However, the incidence and degree of temporary nerve injury could be either due to the heavy retraction causing compression and or stretching of nerve fiber resulting in neuropraxia.