A case of high level of elevated antiphospholipid antibodies positive secondary to infective endocarditis / 中国综合临床

It is quiet rare that transient high level of elevated antiphospholipid (aLP) antibodies are triggered by infective endocarditis(IE). We report a young woman who went to hospital because of fever was diagnosed with IE, she was suffering from lower and upper arterial thrombosis, tests showed that anticardiolipin and anti-beta2-glycoprotein(GP)-1 IgM antibodies elevated highly. She had mitral valve replacement surgery, echocardiography detected vegetation on mitral valve, multiple blood culture showed negative, after treatment of antibiotics,the second cardiac surgery and warfarin, the patient got stable condition and the upper limb arterial thrombosis disappeared. Three months later, aLP antibodies tests came back negative. This case illustrate that IE could lead to transient high level of elevated aLP antibodies, does that increase the risk of thrombosis of IE patient is unknown, what if we find that phenomenon earlier and prescribe anticoagulant drugs, that need more observation.

PreoperativePredictionoftheExpressionofCK19inHepatocellularCarcinomaby Gd-EOB-DTPAEnhancedMRI / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 To investigate the predictive value of preoperative Gd- EOB- DTPA enhanced MRI in the expression of cytokeratin 19（CK19）in hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）.【Methods】A total of 102 patients，including 94 male and 8 female，with single HCC confirmed by pathology after operation who underwent preoperative enhanced MRI were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 25 were CK19-positive HCC and 77 were CK19-negative HCC. Two radiologists evaluated MR features including tumor size，tumor margin，intratumoral vessels，signal intensity（SI）on arterial phase （AP） ，enhancement pattern ，arterial rim enhancement ，peritumoral enhancement ，internal cystic or necrotic portion，hemorrhage，intratumoral fat，tumor capsule，vascular invasion，lymph node metastasis，intratumoral septum， target sign on diffusion weighted imaging（DWI）or hepatobiliary phase（HBP），peritumor hypointensity，SI on ADC，SI on HBP ，T1 relaxation times and T1 reduction rate between pre- and post- contrast enhancement. The associations between these imaging features and CK19 expression were investigated. 【Results】SI on AP（P = 0.013），arterial rim enhancement（P = 0.018），target sign on DWI（P = 0.001）and target sign on HBP（P = 0.005）were significantly associated with CK19 expression. Delayed enhanced intratumoral septum（P = 0.042）was associated with CK19 expression between HCCs less than 5 cm. Target sign on DWI（P = 0.001，OR = 4.875，95%CI：1.838~12.927）were independent significant factors of CK19- positive HCC.【Conclusion】Preoperative enhanced MRI with Gd- EOB- DTPA is helpful to predict CK19 expression of HCC.

Status and influencing factors for self-efficacy among the elderly with hypertension in Zhoushan City / 预防医学

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors for self-efficacy among elders with hypertension in Zhoushan and to provide the reference for improving the self-efficacy of elders with hypertension. Methods The stratified sampling method was used to select elders with hypertension from 4 streets (townships) in urban and rural of Zhoushan in 2016. Four communities were selected from each street (townships) as sample units and using the random sampling to select 50 patients from every community. The investigation was performed with unified questionnaire. The influencing factors for self-efficacy were analyzed with logistic regression. Results The average score of the self-efficacy was 34.13±5.17. Among the investigated 738 elders with hypertension, more than half of them were scored 1ess than 2 in two items, which were blood pressure monitoring (86.99％) and persistent physical exercise (50.95％) . Scoring index of compliance behavior of hypertension was the lowest, only 63.93％ . By multivariate logistic regression analysis, those patients who were female (OR=2.34, 95％ CI: 1.55-3.53) , educated (ORprimary=1.72, 95％ CI: 1.09-2.69; ORjunior =2.25, 95％ CI: 1.13-4.46;ORsenior and above=2.46, 95％ CI: 1.06-5.71), with high level of drug compliance (ORmedium=1.72, 95％CI: 1.09-2.69; ORhigh=2.12, 95％ CI: 1.38-3.26) were more likely to get high level of self-efficacy. Patients who monitored blood pressure only uncomfortable were more likely to get low level of self-efficacy (OR=0.22, 95％ CI: 0.08-0.68) . Conclusion More than half of community-dwelling elders with hypertension had a middle level self-efficacy in Zhoushan, who need further improvement. Corresponding interventions should be developed to strengthen the self-efficacy, which can help patients improve self-management of hypertension and establish a healthy life style.

Establishment of Metrigel-VEGF-SW982 complexes and application of the complexes in synovial sarcoma model in mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To establish Metrigel-VEGF-SW982 complexes and use the complexes to produce animal models of synovial sarcoma so as to provide new ideas for establishing other models of soft tissue tumors. Methods After the SW982 cells were cultured and collected,they were resuspended with Metrigel,and VEGF was added.The suspension was seeded into transwell to establish the scaffold complexes of Metrigel-VEGF-SW982.The complexes were cultured overnight.Cryosections were made and HE staining was carried out to observe the cell scaffold complexes.We randomly divided 10 female SCID mice(4 week old)into scaffold group and control group. The mice in the scaffold group were transplanted with cell-scaffold complexes,and the control group with cell suspension.After 8 weeks,the success rate of modeling was compared between two groups.The mice were sacrificed and the tumors were obtained.HE staining was carried out to observe the histopathological features of tumors in both scaffold group and control group.Results The SW982 cells were cultured with Matrigel in a 3D way,which could simulate the growth condition of cells in vivo.Establishing synovial sarcoma animal model with cell scaffold complex could increase the success rate.The tumors in scaffold group had a larger volume,higher density of tumor cells and greater vascularization(P＜0.05).Conclusion Establishing synovial sarcoma animal model with Metrigel-VEGF-SW982 complex can greatly improve the success rate of modeling,which can provide basis for the study of synovial sarcoma.

Correlation of Bridging Septa Thickening in the Perinephric Space and Split Renal Function in Acute Unilateral Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To study the relationship between bridging septa thickening in the perinephric space and split renal function in acute unilateral upper urinary tract obstruction.[Methods]50 patients with acute unilateral upper urinary tract obstruction by calculus were analyzed retrospectively. According to the images of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT)scanning,all cases were divided into thickened bridging septa group(n=25)and normal bridging septa group (n=25),The CT values of renal cortical in the plain(CTp)and renal cortical enhancing(CTe)phase were measured, the difference of increasement value(CTe-CTp)and the CT value ratio of the ipsilateral and opposite in renal cortical phase was analyzed by independent sample T test.[Results]The CT increasement value of bridging septa thickening and normal group were(103±30)HU and(128±24)HU respectively,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01);and CTac/CTuc were 0.81±0.13 and 0.96±0.06 respectively(P<0.01).[Conclusion]Thickening of bridging septa in the perinephric space with acute unilateral upper urinary tract obstruction will weaken the enhancement of renal cortical,and increased the likelihood of split renal function impairing.

Upregulation of miR-498 suppresses Th17 cell differentiation by targeting STAT3 in rheumatoid arthritis patients / 生理学报

To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-498 on Th17 cell differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, peripheral blood samples were collected from RA patients and healthy controls, respectively. The proportion of CD4IL-17 T cells (Th17 cells) or CD4FOXP3 T cells (Tregs) in T cells and the Th17/Treg ratio were identified by the flow cytometer. The STAT3 and miR-498 expression were measured by Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. ELISA was used to detect IL-17 concentrations. Luciferase assay was performed to confirm that miR-498 directly targeted the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of STAT3 in CD4 T cells. The effect of miR-498 on Th17 cell differentiation was explored by transfection of miR-498 mimic and/or pcDNA-STAT3 into CD4 T cells. In PMBCs of RA patients, the Th17/CD4 T cell ratio was significantly increased, while the Tregs/CD4 T cell ratio was obviously decreased, leading to a higher Th17/Treg ratio. The results showed a reduced miR-498 expression and an increased STAT3 protein expression in PMBCs, and an increased IL-17 concentration in serum of RA patients. In cells transfected with wild-type-STAT3-LU, miR-498 mimic significantly reduced the luciferase activity, STAT3 gene and protein expression, and miR-498 inhibitor had an opposite function. While the miR-498 mimic/inhibitor had no effect on the luciferase activity and STAT3 expression in cells transfected with mutant-STAT3-LU. CD4 T cells transfected with miR-498 mimic had a lower Th17/CD4 T cell ratio and IL-17 concentration, however, transfection of pcDNA-STAT3 reversed the effect of miR-498 mimic on Th17/CD4 T cell ratio and IL-17 concentration. These results suggest that overexpression of miR-498 suppresses Th17 cell differentiation by targeting STAT3 in RA patients.

Specific sIgA antibodies against swine influenza virus H3N2 infection / 中国人兽共患病学报

To study different breed pigs reply the swine flu virus infections,specific antibody of sIgA secretion regularity of respiratory tract and the differences of sIgA antibody according to different antigen proteins were detected.A/swine/Nanjing/ 51/2010(H3N2) was intranasally infected pigs (1 × 107 TCID50/mL and 2 mL/pig),and then the nasal swab samples were collected at different time points within 21 days after infection.M1,NS1 and PB1 recombinant protein,respectively,were used to establish indirect ELISA method for detecting specific antibody of sIgA,and to analyze its secretion regularity.Results displayed that there was no significant difference among three kinds of recombinant protein in the whole test,characterizing by specificity sIgA antibody levels rising rapidly after 5 infection days and reaching peak at day 14,then began to decline.Among different varieties of pigs,sIgA antibody production of PB1 protein in Obama group was significantly higher than that in binary pigs at 14th and 21st day (P＜0.05).It had no significant difference between M1 group and the NS1 group (P＞0.05).This experiment preliminary explores the secretion regularity of specificity sIgA antibody after infected swine flu virus,which laid a foundation for further study of SIV mucosal antibody diagnostic reagents.

Progress in application of microbeam X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in forensic science / 法医学杂志

Microbeam X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry has been raised as an analytical technique of microbeam during the recent years. With its advantages of high sensitivity, small sample requirement, high testing accuracy and non-destruction, the technique is widely utilized in forensic science. This review bases on recent researches at home and abroad, describes its applications including identification of gunshot residue, visualization of fingerprints, discrimination of drug source, production process, and other material evidences of analysis in crime scene. Thanks to the advances in technology, intelligent and portable micro-XRF equipment has appeared to be applied. It is believed that it may be more popular and frequent in administration of forensic science in the near future.

Concentration changes of potassium and hypoxanthine in vitreous humor of swine and its application to postmortem interval estimation / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between postmortem interval (PMI) and concentration changes of components in swine vitreous humor.@*METHODS@#Ninety-six porcine eyes from swine dying from acute massive hemorrhage, being randomly divided into 24 groups, were stored in dark situation, at temperature of (15 +/- 2) degrees C and humidity of (50 +/- 5)% for 2-96 hours separately. The vitreous humor was collected. Concentrations of K+, Na+, Cl- and hypoxanthine (Hx) were analyzed by automatic biochemical analyzer and ultra performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC). The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software.@*RESULTS@#Linear regression analysis showed that concentrations of vitreous K+ and Hx were positively correlated with PMI(R2=0.767 and R2 = 0.793, respectively). Binary linear regression showed a higher correlation for K+ and Hx with PMI estimation (R2 = 0.866). PMI was not significantly correlated with vitreous Na+ and Cl- concentrations.@*CONCLUSION@#Vitreous K+ and Hx concentrations can be used as the objective markers for PMI estimation. The binary linear regression functions of vitreous K+ and Hx concentrations with PMI are more accurate for estimating the PMI.

Determination of acid-resistant silicic particles in lung by micro-XRF and its application in diagnosis of drowning / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Using microbeam X-ray fluorescence (Micro-XRF) analyzer for determination of acid-resistant silicic particles in lung, and to explore its potential application in diagnosis of drowning.@*METHODS@#Thirty two white rabbits were divided randomly into drowning group (n=12), post-mortem immersion group (n=10) and control group (n=10). Lungs and water sample were collected for determination of area concentration of acid-resistant silicic particles using Micro-XRF method.@*RESULTS@#The area concentration of acid-resistant silicic particles for the drowning water sample was 4.4 mm2/mL. For the lungs of drowning group, the post-mortem immersion group and the control group, the determined average values were (25.30 +/- 10.95) mm2/g, (1.68 +/- 0.63) mm2/g and (1.65 +/- 0.85) mm2/g, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the drowning group and the other two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The area concentration of acid-resistant silicic particles in lungs may be used as an indicator of drowning. The method is highly sensitive and rapid. It provides a potential application in drowning diagnosis.

Interference of osteopontin expression inhibits the invasion and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of osteopontin (OPN) on the invasion and metastasis of human hapatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HCC cell lines (HCC-LM3) were transfected with the chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA). Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to quantify the mRNA and OPN protein levels. The malignant phenotypes including cellular growth, colony formation and invasion capability of the HCC cells were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The OPN mRNA and proteins levels were decreased by 75% and 80% in OPN siRNA treated cells. Colony formation and migratory capability were reduced in OPN siRNA treated cells (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The specific siRNA is able to reduce the OPN expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and significantly inhibits the invasiveness of HCC cells.</p>

Influence of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy on the development of liver metastasis of colon cancer in rats / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the stimulated effect of liver regeneration on colon cancer cells in remnant liver in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat models with liver metastases or retro-peritoneal metastases of colon cancer were established: animals underwent 37% or 70% liver resection and were compared with a sham laparotomy (15, 25, 15 cases, respectively). Metastases were performed two weeks before resection. Rats were killed 3 weeks after the resection. Total body weight, liver and tumor weights were recorded. The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Lovo was cultured in the presence of portal serum withdrawn 24 hours and 14 days after partial hepatectomy (PH). DNA synthesis was assessed by flow cytometry analysis for 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (5-BrdU) incorporation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The tumor growth was accelerated in the remnant liver in 70% PH group, but the tumors in 37% PH group and retro-peritoneal site were not influenced by PH. Compared with the control group, after cultured 72 hours with portal serum withdrawn 24 h after PH, a higher 5-BrdU incorporation was found in the Lovo cell lines (P < 0.05), and it reached the peak after 120 hours of culture (P < 0.05). No difference was found between the groups when cultured with the portal serum withdrawn 14 d after PH (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PH may accelerate the growth of residual microscopic tumor in the liver which contributes to local recurrence. It has no systemic effect and effects on the cancer cell lines in extrahepatic sites. The excision extension is related to the stimulating effects on the cancer cell line, and subtotal hepatectomy is presumably a major determinant.</p>

The roles of caveolin-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the development of portal hypertension in rats with liver cirrhosis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between the dynamic changes of caveolin-1 with the degrees of liver fibrosis and portal venous pressure (PVP) in the process of rat liver cirrhosis formation induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN); also to investigate the mechanisms of caveolin-1 in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Liver cirrhosis was induced in rats by DMN. The degrees of liver fibrosis and PVP were measured. NOS activity was assessed by citrulline generation. Protein expressions of caveolin-1, eNOS and caveolin-1-eNOS interactions were examined by Western blot and immunoprecipitation, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four weeks after DMN administration, liver fibrosis was at its peak and then decreased gradually. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot demonstrated that there was enhanced binding of caveolin-1 with eNOS in the process of rat liver cirrhosis. An increase in caveolin-1 expression was detected but the expression of eNOS was lower in cirrhotic tissues than in normal liver tissues. Caveolin-1 protein levels were positively correlated with the degrees of liver fibrosis and the levels of PVP (r=0.967, P < 0.01; r=0.922, P < 0.01, respectively), while NOS catalytic activity was negatively correlated with the degrees of liver fibrosis and levels of PVP (r= 0.973, P < 0.01; r=-0.947, P < 0.01) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Caveolin-1 upregulation is associated with the development of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Over-expression of caveolin-1 in perisinusoidal cells may promote caveolin-1-eNOS binding and reduce the activity of eNOS.</p>

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides of glial glutamate transporter-1 inhibits the neuro-protection of cerebral ischemic preconditioning in rats / 生理学报

The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) in the brain ischemic tolerance induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP) by observing the effect of GLT-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) on the neuro-protection of CIP against brain ischemic insult in rats. Wistar rats with permanently occluded bilateral vertebral arteries were randomly assigned to 7 groups: (1) Sham group: the bilateral common carotid arteries (BCCA) were separated, but without occluding the blood flow; (2) CIP group: the BCCA were clamped for 3 min; (3) Brain ischemic insult group: the BCCA were clamped for 8 min; (4) CIP+brain ischemic insult group: 3 min CIP was preformed 2 d prior to 8 min ischemic insult; (5) Double distilled water group: 5 muL double distilled water was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle 12 h before, 12 h and 36 h after the BCCA was separated (but without occluding the blood flow), respectively; (6) AS-ODNs group: 5 microL AS-ODNs solution was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle 12 h before, 12 h and 36 h after the BCCA was separated (but without occluding the blood flow), respectively. This group was further divided into 9 nmol and 18 nmol subgroups according to the doses of AS-ODNs; (7) AS-ODNs+CIP+brain ischemic insult group: 5 microL AS-ODNs solution was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle 12 h before, 12 h and 36 h after CIP, respectively. This group was also further divided into 9 nmol and 18 nmol subgroups according to the doses of AS-ODNs. The other treatments were the same as those in CIP+brain ischemic insult group. The effect of the AS-ODNs on the expression of GLT-1 was assayed by using Western blot analysis. The profile of delayed neuronal death (DND) of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus was evaluated by using thionin staining under light microscope by determining the neuronal density (ND) and histological grade (HG). Western blot analysis showed that AS-ODNs injected into the lateral cerebroventricle inhibited the expression of GLT-1 in the CA1 hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner. Neuropathological evaluation showed that there was no apparent DND in sham and CIP groups. Obvious DND of pyramidal neurons was found in brain ischemic insult group, which was represented by an increase in HG and a decrease in ND. CIP effectively protected the pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus against DND normally induced by ischemic insult, which indicating that CIP induced ischemic tolerance on the pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus. However, the injection of AS-ODNs into the lateral cerebroventricle blocked the neuro-protection of CIP against DND induced by brain ischemic insult. These results further proved the role of GLT-1 in the brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP in rats.

A new method for quick identification for fufang danshen tablets by AOTF-near infrared spectroscopy / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a new method using AOTF-Near infrared spectroscopy for fast identifying Fufang Danshen tablets.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Near-infrared spectroscopy of Fufang Danshen tablets from different factories and different bacth numbers were collected and the discriminant analysis model (FFDS-C) was established with principal component analysis. This model was applied to predict the the different samples of Fufang Danshn tablets.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The model can be used to precisely identify Fufang Danshen tablets from other samples.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method with low consumption is simple and quick and can be applied to the identification of the Fufang Danshen tablets.</p>

A new method for quick analysis of tanshinone II(A) and salvianolic acid in Fufang Danshen tablets by AOTF-near infrared spectroscopy / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a new method using AOTF-Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for quick determination of tanshinone II(A) and salvianolic acid B in Fufang Danshen tablets.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC was used as a reference method to determine the contents of tanshinone II(A) and salvianolic acid B in Fu Fang Dan Shen tablets. Multivariate calibration models based on PLS1 algorithm were developed to correlate the spectra and the corresponding values determined by the reference methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>RMSECV (root-mean-square error of cross-validation) of the models for tanshinone II(A) and salvianolic acid B were 0.0103 and 0.1868 respectively. The correlation coefficients of the calibration models were 0.9873 and 0.9832 respectively. External validation with external validation samples proved that the relative coefficient of the predicted value and the truth value were R2 = 0.9743 and R2 = 0.9886 respectively, with measured recycle rates of 103.0% and 99.0%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NIRS can be used in the determination of tanshinone II(A) and salvianolic acid B, which sets up the foundation of product-line control of Fuang Danshen tablets.</p>

Effect of EPHA2-siRNA plasmid on biological behavior of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of EPHA2 in regulating apoptosis, proliferation and vasculogenic mimicry of osteosarcoma cells, by gene silencing through RNA interference.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EPHA2-siRNA plasmids were achieved by gene cloning. The plasmids were transfected into human osteosarcoma cells (MG63). The expression level of EPHA2 protein was measured by Western blotting. The proliferation, apoptosis and vasculogenic mimicry features of osteosarcoma MG63cells were assessed by light microscopy, MTIP assay, flow cytometry, annexin V-FITC/PI and HE staining, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The EPHA2-siRNA plasmid was confirmed by DNA sequencing. After treatment with Sequence-specific siRNA targeted EPHA2, the protein level of the transfected group decreased significantly. As compared to non-siRNA transfected cells, the transfected group showed lower proliferation, higher and earlier apoptosis and less osteosarcoma-generated vasculogenic mimicry.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EPHA2 gene may be involoved in apoptosis and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, and may be necessary for vasculogenic mimicry. Down-regulation of EPHA2 expression by sequence-specific siRNA may be considered as a new option in the treatment of EPHA2 over-expressing cancer including osteosarcoma in future.</p>

Study on biology and epidemiological characteristics of vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains isolated from environmental waters in Foshan city / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the distribution of serotype and the positive rate of toxins among vibrio cholerae non-O(1) isolated from environmental waters in Foshan city.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Water specimens were collected from river and cultured for vibrio cholerae non-O(1). The PCR method was used to detect cholerae enterotoxin (CT) gene; the ELISA method was used to detect heat-stable toxin (ST) and heat-labile toxin (LT).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>478 vibrio cholerae non-O(1) strains were isolated from 1 644 water specimens, with a positive rate of 29.07%. Serological assay showed that the main serotype of vibrio cholerae non-O(1) in Foshan city is VBO(7). Positive rate of CT, ST and LT were 1.91%, 13.14% and 12.17%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A few non-O(1) strains were found to have several virulent factors simultaneously, and the results suggest that vibrio cholerae non-O(1) in environmental waters is potentially pathogenic and may affect people's health. It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of diarrhoea caused by vibrio cholerae.</p>

Tumor blood vessels formation in osteosarcoma: vasculogenesis mimicry / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Osteosarcoma is characterized by high neovascularization and a high propensity for metastasis through bloodstream. This study was to examine whether there is evidence for vasculogenic mimicry in osteosarcoma and to illustrate mechanism of tumor blood vessels formation in osteosarcoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Osteosarcoma cell lines (U-2OS) were tested for their ability to form tubular networks in three-dimensional culture containing type I collagen. The structures of the tubular networks were observed with phase contrast microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Morphometric studies using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain and CD31 immunohistochemical stain to show tumor-lined channels in human osteosarcoma were also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Observation with light microscope and TEM showed that highly aggressive osteosarcoma cell lines (U-2OS) formed networks containing channels when grown in three-dimensional culture containing type I collagen, in the absence of endothelial cells or fibroblasts. Morphometric observation using HE stain and CD31 immunohistochemical stain showed that tumor cell-lined channels were also detected in vivo in osteosarcoma; by comparison, all vascular areas in the pedicle of osteochondroma or outside osteochondroma were endothelial-lined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These observations strongly suggest that aggressive osteosarcoma cells may generate vascular channels that facilitate tumor perfusion independent of tumor angiogenesis and have the ability of vasculogenic mimicry.</p>

The expression of growth hormone release factor gene carried with PLGA microspheres in muscle tissue and its effect on mouse growth / 生物工程学报

Injectable sustained-release pcDNA3-GRF (1-32) microspheres were prepared by double emulsion-in liquid evaporation process,using biodegrable poly lactic-co-glycolic acid as carrier. The enrapment efficiency, mean particle size, drug content thus prepared were 69%, 2.20 microm, 8% and 70% respectively. The result of transfection in vivo showed that after 30 days, accumulative increased body weights on the group injected with pcDNA3-GRF (1-32) microspheres was significantly higher than those group injected with naked plasmid (12.87%), plasmid-empty microspheres (19.72%) and saline (58.58%) respectively. PCR and RT-PCR showed that the expression level of GRF gene on the group injected with pcDNA3-GRF (1-32) microspheres was the highest. GRF gene released by microspheres was still detected after 30 days. In conclusion, pcDNA3-GRF (1-32) microspheres have a controlled release effect and GRF gene could be successfully transfected into muscle cells of mouse by microspheres with higher efficacy and stronger biological function.