ABSTRACT
Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, quick, inexpensive and minimally invasive technique used to diagnosed head and neck neoplasms commonly originated from cervical lymph node, thyroid, parotid and other salivary glands. In this study a correlation was done between cytology and histopathology whenever surgical specimens are available along with application of immunological markers in problematic cases. Aim: To assess the frequency of various benign and malignant neoplasms in different age group and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in head and neck neoplasms. Junu Devi, Kunja Lal Talukdar. Evaluation of diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in head and neck neoplasms with application of immunological markers in selected cases – A hospital based study to enhance early detection, diagnosis and management. IAIM, 2017; 4(1): 20-37. Page 21 Materials and methods: The study was conducted between September 2011 to August 2014 and total 336 cases of head and neck neoplasms were analysed. Patients between 1 to 80 years were included in the study. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis was correlated with histopathology whenever possible. Results: Out of 336 head and neck neoplasms 164 (48.81%) were from cervical lymph node, 47 (13.99%) were from thyroid, 82 (24.40%) were from salivary glands, 5 (1.49%) were nasal mass and 38 (11.31%) were from other site (skin, soft tissue, orbit). M: F was 1.07: 1. Most commonly affected age group was 41- 60 years. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most commonly encountered neoplastic lesion. Over all sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were 98.08%, 96.23%, 97.46% respectively. Cytologically and histologically consistent and inconsistent cases showed t = 2.722, p < 0.05. Few problematic cases 15(4.46%) needed immunohistochemical analysis for confirmation. Conclusion: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a highly sensitive, specific and has a definite role in diagnosing most of the head and neck neoplasms.
ABSTRACT
Background: Accounting for less than 2% of all human neoplasms, salivary gland tumours are relatively uncommon and it comprises a morphologically diverse group of rare tumors. FNAC has been employed in pre-operative diagnosis of salivary gland tumor as essential diagnostic tool to diagnose swelling in major and some minor salivary glands. Superficial locations of salivary glands make them suitable for FNAC. Objectives: To find out the frequency of different types of salivary gland tumors in a hospital based samples and make clinicopathological correlation. Material and methods: FNAC of all 84 patients was done using 22 gauge needle and 10 ml syringe applying negative pressure, smears were either wet fixed or air dried and stained by Papanicolau and Giemsa stains respectively. Histopathological examination was done whenever available and was compared with FNAC diagnosis. Results: In this study, overall male predominance with male to female ratio was 1.4: 1. Maximum number of cases of salivary gland neoplasms occurs in 3rd decade of life. Incidence of malignant and benign parotid neoplasms was 32.14% and 67.86% respectively. Parotid was the most commonly affected salivary gland. Benign tumors were more common in parotid gland however, malignant tumor. Conclusion: FNAC is a simple quick inexpensive and minimally invasive technique to diagnose different types of salivary gland tumor. It could easily differentiate benign from malignant neoplasms and can be helpful for management of patient. Thus, FNAC can be recommended as first line of investigation in the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors.