Characteristics and Risk Factors of Functional Dyspepsia Fulfilling the Rome IV Criteria Overlapping With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Functional Constipation in South China

Background/Aims@#Functional dyspepsia (FD) overlapping with other gastrointestinal disorders are quite common. The characteristics of FD overlap in Chinese population with latest Rome IV criteria were unclear. This large-scale outpatient-based study assessed the characteristics of FD overlap in South China. @*Methods@#Consecutive FD patients visited the Gastroenterology Clinic at 2 tertiary medical centers in Hangzhou, China who fulfilled the Rome IV criteria were enrolled. Complete questionnaires related to the gastrointestinal symptoms (Rome IV criteria), Reflux Disease Questionnaire, anxiety and depression, quality of sleep and life, and demographic information were collected. @*Results@#Among the total of 3281 FD patients, 50.69% overlapped with gastroesophageal reflux disease, 21.46% overlapped with irritable bowel syndrome, 6.03% overlapped with functional constipation. FD overlap had higher proportion of single/divorced/widowed rate, high education level, being employed, drinking, night shift, unhealthy dietary habit than FD only (P < 0.05). They had higher frequency of consultation and economic burden, as well as lower scores in quality of life (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that increasing age, female, low body mass index, history of gastroenteritis, anxiety, depression, and poor sleep quality were independent risk factors for FD overlap. @*Conclusions@#FD overlap was quite common in China with high economic burden and poor quality of life, FD patients with history of gastroenteritis, anxiety, depression, and poor sleep quality were more likely to have overlap disorders. Awareness of the physical and psychosocial stressors in overlapping condition would help optimize the management of FD overlap in clinical practice.

Clinical Significance of co-expression of RNA Binding Protein PTBP1 and p-AXL in Osteosarcoma / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo explore the co-expression of PTBP1 and p-AXL in osteosarcoma and its clinicopathological significance for prognosis evaluation. MethodsThe expression of PTBP1 and AXL and their prognostic value in osteosarcoma were analyzed by GEO and Target data. Paraffin biopsy specimens and clinical information from 76 cases of osteosarcoma and 37 cases of non-malignant bone tissue （callus， osteofibrous dysplasia and osteoid ostema） were obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from March 2016 to October 2020. The expressions of PTBP1 and p-AXL proteins in osteosarcoma were detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultsGEO database showed that the expression levels of PTBP and AXL in osteosarcoma tumor group were higher than those in normal tissues， but did not reach statistical significance. Target database showed that the high expression of PTBP1 had shorter Overall survival（OS） and Progression-free survival（PFS） than low PTBP1 expression， but did not reach statistical significance （P=0.064； P=0.134）. Immunohistochemical staining included 76 cases of osteosarcoma and 37 cases of non-malignant bone tissue. The expression rate of PTBP1 and p-AXL protein in osteosarcoma tissues was higher than that in non-malignant bone tissue. The expression of p-AXL is correlated with lung metastasis （P=0.025）. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that lung metastasis， recurrence， PTBP1 expression， co-expression of PTBP1/p-AXL influence the prognosis of patients in OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lung metastasis （P<0.000 1） and positive expression of PTBP1 （P=0.041） were independent risk factors for osteosarcoma patients in OS. Co-expression of PTBP1 and p-AXL had shorter OS （P=0.017） and PFS （P=0.043） than non-coexpression osteosarcoma patients. ConclusionsPTBP1 and p-AXL were highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues. The co-expression of PTBP1 and p-AXL was associated with poor prognosis of patients， and PTBP1 could be used as an independent prognostic indicator of patients with osteosarcoma.

Impacts of Different Nostril for Nasotracheal Intubation with Video Laryngoscopy / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To compare the impacts of different nostril on nasotracheal intubation with video laryngoscopy.Methods Totally 120 ASA grade I maxillofacial surgery patients were equally randomized into two groups:group A(left nostril)and group B(right nostril).After rapid induction of anesthesia,the nasal intubation was completed by Tosight video laryngoscope,and the success rate of the first attempt of the tube passing through the nasal cavity was recorded and compared between these two groups.In addition,time of tube through nasal cavity,time of glottis exposure,total intubation time,intubation success rate,and nasal bleeding were recorded.Results The success rate of the first attempt of tube passing through the nasal cavity was not significantly different between groups A and B(84.7% . 81.7%;=0.202,=0.653).The time of tube passing through nasal cavity [(7.3±4.6)s .(7.5±4.1)s;=-0.223,=0.824] and the time of glottic exposure [(6.6±1.4)s .(6.7±1.4)s;=-0.348,=0.728] had no significant differences between two groups.The success rates of first intubation attempt were 100% in both groups.The total intubation time was(35.1±9.2)s in group A and(34.0±7.8)s in group B(=0.663,=0.509).Intubation-related epistaxis was found in 16 cases(27.1%)in group A and in 17 cases(28.3%)in group B( =0.022,=0.882).Conclusion Different nasal approaches have no effect on nasal intubation.

Effect of Different Antisepsis Measures on Endogenous Metabolites in Rat Urine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:In the study of urine metabolomics of rats,necessary antiseptic measures should be taken for collection of urine samples,the effect of several antiseptic measures on the endogenous metabolites in urine was studied. Method:The urine samples of rats were collected on ice,sodium azide was added,and both of them were used together to prevent corrosion.Differences of antiseptic measures were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. Result:The results of NMR metabolomics showed that sodium azide+ice group and ice group had many overlaps,but they clearly separated with the control group and sodium azide group;sodium azide group and the control group had a small part overlap,but there was a tendency of separation.The antiseptic effect of sodium azide+ice group and ice group was similar;compared with control group,valine,betaine and hippuricacid in these two groups increased,but the alanine and 2-ketoglutaric acid decreased. Conclusion:In the study of rat urine metabolomics,low temperature antiseptic measures must be taken when urine samples are collected,and the addition of sodium azide can improve the antiseptic effect slightly under protective conditions.

Tongjingling improves sperm DNA integrity and reduces oxidative stress in the testis of experimental varicocele rats / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the protective effect of Tongjingling (TJL) against sperm DNA damage and oxidative stress in the rat model of experimental varicocele (EVC).@*METHODS@#We randomly divided 75 Wistar male rats into five groups of equal number: sham operation, EVC model, high-dose TJL, mid-dose TJL, and low-dose TJL. The EVC model was established in the rats by partial ligation of the left renal vein, followed by 8 weeks of medication from the 4th week after modeling. Then we observed the general status of the rats, detected the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in the epididymis by sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), and measured the content of hydroperoxide (H2O2) and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the testis by colorimetry.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham operation group, the EVC models showed significantly increased sperm DFI in the epididymis (P <0.01) and elevated level of H2O2 and activities of CAT and SOD in the testis (P <0.01). In comparison with the EVC models, the rats of the TJL groups exhibited remarkably reduced sperm DFI and H2O2 content, but increased activities of SOD and CAT.@*CONCLUSIONS@#TJL can improve sperm DNA integrity by increasing the activities of SOD and CAT and reducing the H2O2 level and hence oxidative stress in the testis tissue.

Comparison of Sedative Effects of Two Spray Administration of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Doses for Premedication in Children / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To compare two spray administration of intranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX) doses for premedication in children. Methods In this prospective,randomized,double-blind study,41 children aged 3-6 years were enrolled. Children were assigned to receive either spray administration of intranasal DEX 1 μg/kg (Group D1) or 2 μg/kg (Group D2). The Ramsay Sedation Scale scores were evaluated at 5 min intervals. Sedation status at separation from patient was also evaluated. Heart rate (HR) and saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO) were recorded before and every 15 min after drug administration. Results The median sedation onset time was 30 min and 20 min in group D1 and group D2,respectively. Compared with the children in group D1,those in group D2 were significantly more sedated when they were separated from their parents (61.9% vs. 95.0%,respectively)(χ=5.549,P=0.010). In Group D2,the HR decreased by 15.8% (t=2.415,P=0.021) 30 min after the spray administration of intranasal DEX. Compared with the baseline values,there was no significant difference in both groups in terms of SpO(t=-1.426,P=0.162;t=-1.096,P=0.280)and HR in group D1 (t=-0.299,P=0.767) 30 min after the spray administration of intranasal DEX. Conclusion Spray administration of intranasal DEX 2 μg/kg provides superior sedation in children.

Comparison of the Ambu Aura-i with the Air-Q Intubating Laryngeal Airway as A Conduit for Fiberoptic-guided Tracheal Intubation in Children with Ear Deformity / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To compare the Ambu Aura-i with the Air-Q intubating laryngeal airway for fiberoptic-guided tracheal intubation in ear deformity children.Methods Totally 120 children who were scheduled for elective auricular reconstruction surgery requiring general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation were enrolled in this prospective study. They were randomized to receive either the Ambu Aura-i (Aura-i group) or Air-Q (Air-Q group). The time for successful tracheal intubation was assessed. The attempts for successful device insertion, leak pressures, cuff pressures, fiberoptic grade of laryngeal view, time for removal of the device after endotracheal intubation, and complications were recorded. Results Device placement, endotracheal intubation, and removal after endotracheal intubation were successful in all patients. The Air-Q group required longer time than the Aura-i group in device placement[(14.1±7.2) s vs. (10.8±5.2) s, P<0.05], successful endotracheal intubation [(39.8±9.5) s vs. (24.1±8.2) s, P<0.05], and device removal [(18.2±5.1) s vs. (14.7±3.7) s, P<0.05]. There were no differences in fiberoptic grade of view between these devices, and the percentage of glottis seen was 80.0% (Air-Q group) vs. 86.7% (Aura-i group). The leak pressure was (20.5±4.8) cmHO in the Air-Q group and (22.2±5.0) cmHO in the Aura-i group (P<0.05), and the cuff pressure was (22.9±11.5)cmHO in the Air-Q group and (33.9±15.9) cmHO in the Aura-i group (P<0.05). Hemodynamic changes were not significantly different between two group. The incidence rate of sore throat two hours after operation was 6.5% (n=4) in the Air-Q group and 5% (n=3) in the Aura-i group. Conclusion Both Ambu Aura-i and Air-Q intubating laryngeal airway are effective conduits for beroptic-guided tracheal intubation, with advantages including simple operation, high success rate, and fewer complications, especially the Ambu Aura-i.

Transient hepatic venous occlusion induced liver hemodynamic change and reperfusion injury in rats / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the hemodynamic change and reperfusion injury cause by transient hepatic venous occlusion and transient hepatic inflow occlusion in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rat liver was divided into 3 different areas: the ischemia reperfusion (IR) area: the inflow of the right superior lobe was clamped for half an hour; the non-isolated lobe congestive reperfusion (NIL-CR) area: the outflow of the right median lobe was clamped for half an hour; and the isolated lobe congestive reperfusion (IL-CR) area: the outflow of the left lobe was clamped for half an hour. The flux value and the oxygen saturation of microcirculation were monitored before at clamping for 30 minutes, and on 1 day, 3 days ,and 7 days after reperfusion. The hepatic damage and Suzuki's score were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After clamping for 30 minutes, the flux value in the IR area was significantly higher than in NIL-CR area (P<0.01) and IL-CR area (P<0.01), the oxygen saturation in the IR area was significantly higher than in NIL-CR area (P<0.01) and IL-CR area (P<0.05). Compared with IR area, both NIL-CR area and IL-CR area were found having more severe liver damage in terms of Suzuki's score in early postoperative period (at clamping for 30 minutes and on 1 day, P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference between NIL-CR area and IL-CR area in flux value, oxygen saturation, and Suzuki's score (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hepatic venous occlusion can more effectively decrease the blood perfrusion and oxygen saturation; thus, compared to the IR, CR can result in more severe liver damage. The presence of normal liver tissue around the congestion area can not influence liver damage in transient hepatic venous occlusion.</p>