The Effect and Mechanism of Novel Telomerase Inhibitor Nilo 22 on Leukemia Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the cytotoxic effect and its mechanism of the micromolecule compound on the leukemia cells.@*METHODS@#The cytotoxic effects of 28 Nilotinib derivatives on K562, KA, KG, HA and 32D cell lines were detected by MTT assays, and the compound Nilo 22 was screen out. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle on leukemia cells were detected by flow cytometry. The effect of compound screened out on leukemogenesis potential of MLL-AF9 leukemia mice GFP@*RESULTS@#Nilo 22 serves as the most outstanding candidate out of 28 Nilotinib derivatives, which impairs leukemia cell lines, but spares normal hematopoietic cell line. Comparing with Nilotinib, Nilo 22 could induce the apoptosis of GFP@*CONCLUSION@#Nilo 22 shows a significant cytotoxic effect on mice and human leukemia cells, especially for drug resistance cells. Nilo 22 is a promising anti-leukemia agent to solve the common clinical problems of drug resistance and relapse of leukemia.

Screening and Verification of Antioxidant Small Molecular Compounds for Expansion of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Ex Vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To screen the antioxidant small molecular compounds with optimal efficiency of expansing the human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSC) In vitro based on antioxidant small molecular compound database of LKT laboratory, and to verify the effects of these compounds on the biological functions of hHSC.@*METHODS@#The umbilial cord blood CD34 cells were enriched by using the MACS beads; the absolute number and percentage of CD34 cells and CD34 CD49f cells were detected by high throughput flow cytometry after culture of hHSC with compounds in vitro for 1 week, the SR1 (1 μmol/L) was used as positive control, the candidate compounds were screened out; then 4 compounds were selected for follow-up experiments by comprehensive evaluation of concentration, safety and expansion efficacy, the optimal used concentrations of selected compounds were determined through the concentration gradient analysis, and CFC short-term colony-forming cell test was performed by using the determined concentration so as to verify the effect of compounds on the self-renewal, multilineage differentiation.@*RESULTS@#Out of 85 antioxidant small molecular compounds, 4 compounds (C2968, D3331, B1753 and B3358) with obvious expansion efficacy for CD34 cells and CD34 CD49f cells were screened out by high throughput flow cytometry; their optimal concentrations of 4 compounds were 0.5 μmol/L for C2968, 1.5 μmol/L for D3331 and 1.5 μmol/L for B1753 and 15 μmol/L for B3358. The CFC assay showed the colony formation number in compound-treated group significantly increased as compared with control group, moreover the self-renewal and multilineage differentiation were maintained.@*CONCLUSION@#The antioxidant small molecular compounds C2968 (0.5 μmol/L), D3331 (1.5 μmol/L), B1753 (1.5 μmol/L) and B3358 (1.5 μmol/L) possess good expansion efficacy for hHSC, they can maintain hHSC self-renewal, at the same time ensure the multilineage differentiation potentiality of hHSC.

Clinical manifestation of Kaposi sarcoma in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the knowledge of Kaposi sarcoma and the relationship between Kaposi sarcoma and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and to improve the ability to diagnose and treat Kaposi sarcoma and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Symptoms, signs and results of 121 patients encountered in the department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery in Tanzania, who was diagnosed as Kaposi sarcoma actually with HIV infection and AIDS, were retrospectively analyzed in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 46 males and 75 females with age ranged from 5 to 65 years, medium 30 year. The mucous membranes and skin lesions was the most commonly seen clinical manifestation in 121 cases, these lesions appeared as raised blotches or lumps that might be purple, brown, or red, early stages typical lesions began as flat or slightly raised colored spots. Among the cases reported here, 25 patients (20.66%) showed progressive nose blockage and nose bleeding and the purple-red new-grows were found in the nose of these patients. Fifteen patients (12.40%) had flat or slightly raised colored spots in their mucous membrane of mouth (palate or tongue), and in other 7 patients, purple small lumps were found in the gums of the patients. There were same lesions in their pharynx in 9 cases. In 10 patients (8.26%), Kaposi sarcoma was found in tonsil looked like tonsillitis with enlarged tonsils by two to three degree. Twelve patients (9.92%) had masses in the neck with no pain. Thirty-five patients (28.92%)had lesions of purple black nodules, including 10 patients who had the same lesions with ulcer formation in the nodules. All patients had been followed-up for at least two-years. Eighty-five patients passed away in one year, survival rate of one year was 21.48% (26/121), only 12 patients survived from the disease over two years, two years' survival rate was 9.92% (12/121).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Kaposi sarcoma is the characteristic disease for AIDS, mainly found on the membranes and skin. These lesions appears as raised blotches or lumps that may be purple, brown, or red, early stages typical lesions begin as flat or slightly raised colored spots. Patients who had kaposi sarcoma often died in a short-time without treatment.</p>

Clinical manifestation of HIV infection and AIDS in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the recognition of clinical manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery, and to emphasize the early diagnosis, correct treatment and effective protection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-five patients with HIV infection and AIDS encountered in the department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery in Tanzania were included in this study. There were 23 males and 32 female with age ranged from 3 - 67 years, medium 31 year. The clinical manifestation and prognosis of the patients were analyzed and summed up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Parotid glands swelling was the most commonly seen clinical manifestation in the 55 cases. Among the cases reported here, 17 (30.9%) showed parotid glands swelling, 19 (34.5%) had Kaposi's sarcoma in nasal cavity or oral cavity or pharynx, 12(21.8%) were accompanied with chronic suppurative otitis media, 11 (20.0%) had masses in the neck, 7 (12.7%) had masses in the pharynx, 6 (10.9%) were seen to have ulcer in oral and pharyngeal mucosa, 2 (3.6%) showed infection due to candidaalbicans. The infection in most cases could be controlled and symptoms relieved, but recurrence could occur over time and got worse gradually.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Many patients with HIV infection and AIDS first see a doctor in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery. Patients who had the above clinical manifestations in repeated poor results should be observed carefully, early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent transmission, prolong life and maximize the quality of life of the patients.</p>