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Objective:To study the clinical features of enlarged subarachnoid space (ESS) and its effects on brain parenchymal volume in preterm infants.Methods:From November 2014 to November 2021, a retrospective case-control study was performed on preterm infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital with gestational age (GA)<32 w and having brain MR imaging. At full-term of corrected GA, the superior sagittal sinus-cortical spacing (sinocortical width, SCW) was measured on brain MR imaging. The infants were assigned into ESS and non-ESS groups according to whether SCW was greater than 3.5 mm. Perinatal factors, preterm-related complications and the brain volumetric indices were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 160 preterm infants with GA<32 w were included, 76 (47.5%) were in the ESS group, SCW:(4.48±1.47) mm, and 84 were in the non-ESS group, SCW: (2.49±0.68) mm. GA and birth weight (BW) of the ESS group were significantly smaller than the non-ESS group [(28.7±2.6) weeks vs.(29.8±2.5) weeks, (1 114±279)g vs. (1 208±290)g]( P<0.05). Small GA was an independent risk factor for the development of ESS in preterm infants with GA<32w ( OR=1.217,95% CI 1.017~1.457, P=0.032). On MR imaging, the ESS group had significantly higher total cranial cavity volume than the non-ESS group [(354.1±33.6)ml vs. (316.9±36.3) ml] ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed on head circumference, gray matter volume and white matter volume between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:ESS is common in premature infants and correlated with GA and BW. Small GA is an independent risk factor for ESS in preterm infants. ESS shows little effects on head circumference and brain parenchymal volume during early postnatal period.
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Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neuroimaging technology, which has such advantages as non-invasiveness, portability, robustness to motion and no noise over other neuroimaging tools.Therefore, it has important values in the research of children language development.fNIRS has been currently applied to the study of neonatal word recognition, infant speech perception, language functional lateralization, bilingual cognitive mechanism, language related neurodevelopmental disorders, etc.It has a bright future of applications in the field of children language development.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of pretreatment with calcipotriol on protoporphyrin Ⅸ (PpIX) content in the normal epithelium of nude mice after topical application of aminolevulinic acid (ALA).Methods A total of 36 BALB/C nude mice were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups:calcipotriol + ALA group topically pretreated with calcipotriol ointment for 3 days followed by topical application of ALA,and ALA group topically treated with ALA alone.At 2,3,4,5,6 and 7 hours after ALA application,3 mice in each group were sacrificed separately,and skin tissues were obtained from the experimental region in the back of mice.A fluorospectrophotometer was used to detect the PpIX content in the normal epithelial tissue of the nude mice,and an inverted fluorescence phase-contrast microscope to observe the fluorescence intensity and distribution of PpIX in the frozen sections of epithelial tissues.Results During 2-8 hours after topical application of ALA,the content of PpIX in the skin tissues of nude mice in the two groups gradually increased over time.Correlation analysis revealed no correlations between the PpIX content in the ALA group and the treatment duration (r =0.451,P =0.369),while the PpIX content in the calcipotriol + ALA group was strongly correlated with the treatment duration (r =0.913,P =0.011).The PpIX content in the ALA group reached a peak at 5 hours [(461.24 ± 43.45) ng/g tissues],while the PpIX content in the calcipotriol + ALA group peaked at 6 hours [(668.88 ± 42.46) ng/g tissues].At 2,3,4,5,6 and 7 hours after ALA application,the PpIX content was significantly higher in the calcipotriol + ALA group than in the ALA group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Frozen-section examination showed that PpIX was diffusely distributed in the epidermis and dermis of the nude mice,and the fluorescence intensity of PpIX was higher in the calcipotriol + ALA group than in the ALA group at 5,6 and 7 hours after ALA application.Conclusion Pretreatment with calcipotriol can increase the content of PpIX in the normal epidermis and dermis of nude mice after topical application of ALA,which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of calcipotriol as a local synergist of ALA-PDT.
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Objective To compare predictive power for deep vein thrombosis among hip and knee joint replacement patients using Autar scale and Wells scale.Methods Convenience sampling method was used.Totally 331 patients from ten tertiary hospitals receiving hip and knee joint replacement were recruited.General information questionnaire,Autar scale and Wells scale were used to collect data.Telephone follow-up was performed at 2 weeks,1 month and 3 months after hospital discharge.The primary endpoint of follow-up was occurrence of DVT,and the secondary endpoint was no occurrence of DVT within 3 months after hospital discharge.Results The Cronbach's α coefficients of Autar scale ranged from 0.716 to 0.762 for scores 24h before operation,24h after operation and at the day of discharge,and those of Wells scale ranged from 0.580 to 0.603.The area under the ROC curve of Autar scale ranged from 0.726 to 0.798.The area under the ROC curve of Wells scale ranged from 0.568 to 0.628.Conclusion The predictive power of Autar scale was higher than that of Wells scale which enabled Autar scale to better predict deep vein thrombosis for patients receiving hip and knee joint replacement.
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With the population ageing,increasing health needs and demands,changing family structure and the transformation of general hospital service model,home care as an important part of primary care,has been brought more and more attention.Home healthcare would relieve the pressure caused by increasing needs of elderly care and transformation of hospital functions,so it should have greater development in the future.This article reviews the present situation and the future development direction of home healthcare in China.
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Objective PU.1 plays a key role in innate immune function in the alveolar macrophage.This study was to con-struct and identify recombinant adenovirus vectors carrying the human transcription factor PU.1 gene. Methods The recombinant shut-tle plasmid was obtained from the PU.1 gene ( SPI1) and eukaryotic expression vector that digested by restriction enzymes and connected by T4 DNA ligase.The target fragment SPI1-IRES-EGFP was amplified by PCR.The product was cloned into the intermediate pDONR221 and then recombined with the adenovirus backbone plasmid pAd/CMV/V5-DEST to form a recombinant adenovirus vector. The recombinant adenovirus vector was linearized by PacI and then transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells to obtain the recombinant adenovirus pAD-SPI1-IRES-EGFP, which was then propagated in HEK293 cells, filtered and purified to obtain high-con-centration adenoviruses.The adenovirus titer was determined by TCID 50 assay.The PU.1 gene expression in the HEK293 cells was con-firmed by fluorescence microscopy and real-time qPCR. Results PCR amplification, restriction digestion and sequencing analysis showed the recombinant adenovirus carried the correct PU.1 gene.The final virus titer, calculated by TCID 50, was 8 ×1011 IU/mL. Green fluorescence was observed under the fluorescence microscope. Real-time qPCR confirmed that the expression of PU.1 mRNA was increased by 2189.93 folds. Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the PU.1 gene was constructed and obtained successfully, which could contribute to further studies of the influence of PU.1 overex-pression on the innate defense against Aspergillus fumigatus.
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Objective To assess the effects of absorbable biomedical membrane-embedded intrauterine device ( IUD) in prevention of recurrence after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for severe intrauterine adhesions ( IUA ) .Methods A prospective study was carried out among 125 patients who underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for severe IUA from February 2013 to January 2015.Foley catheter was placed immediately after surgery and removed 7 days later.Then patients were randomly divided into three groups:group A (40 cases) received round IUD insertion after catheter removal;froup B (41 cases) received IUD placement and intrauterine injection of sodium hyaluronate; group C ( 44 cases ) received absorbable biomedical membrane-embedded IUD insertion.All patients received two artificial cycles ( oral estradiol valerate, 9 mg/d) the first day after surgery.Hysteroscopy was carried out two months later to assess the repair of endometrium.Patients who were cured or whose condition was greatly improved received three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound examination in the first natural cycle.Thickness of endometrium, uterine volume and blood flow index were compared.Results Cure rate and effective rate in group C were significantly higher than that in groups B and A [43%(19/44) vs.22%(9/41) and 20%(8/40), χ2 =6.89,P=0.03, 86%(37/44) vs.56%(26/41) and 65%(23/40), χ2 =9.78, P =0.01].The improvement rate of menstruation was higher in group C compared with groups B and A [84%(37/44) vs. 63%(26/41)and 58%(23/40),χ2 =7.73, P=0.02].Average endometrium thickness, uterine volume and blood flow index were also significantly improved in Group C[(8.4 ±1.1) vs.(7.2 ±1.5) and (7.6 ± 1.1) mm, F=5.42,P=0.01,(4.3 ±0.3) vs.(3.9 ±0.4) and (4.0 ±0.6) cm3 ,F=7.12,P=0.00, 28.0 ±4.0 vs.24.6 ±4.7 and 23.4 ±4.0,F =5.40,P =0.01] .No significantly differences were observed between group B and group A in terms of the above indices.Conclusion Insertion of absorbable biomedical membrane embedded-IUD has a good therapeutic effect and can better prevent adhesion recurrence in patients with severe intrauterine adhesion after adhesiolysis.
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Objective To compare the results of susceptibility testing by European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)broth microdilution methods against Aspergillus isolates.Methods The susceptibilities of 116 Aspergillus isolates were determined for amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole,caspofungin and micafungin according to EUCAST (E.DEF 9.1 )and CLSI (M38-A2)methods.The essential agreement (EA),categorical agreement (CA),very major errors (VME)and major errors (ME)of the two methods were compared.Results The EA was 96.3%-100% between the two methods.The CA ,ME,and VME were 98.8%,0-1.2% and 0 respectively for the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus to voriconazole.The CA,ME and VME was 1 00%,0 and 0 respectively for the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger to amphotericin B,or the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus to itraconazole.Conclusions The results of susceptibility testing by EUCAST and CLSI broth microdilution methods are well consistent against Aspergillus isolates.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy of rhinoplasty with autogenous nasal septal cartilage for saddle nose caused by nasal bone and nasal septum fracture after trauma.@*METHOD@#During the treatment process of 30 cases of nasal trauma, simple nasal bone fracture reposition and nasal septum correction was done, and rhinoplasty was done using the nasal septal cartilage. All the patients were followed up to evaluate subsequent effect.@*RESULT@#All the patients were satisfied with the result of one stage repairment. After following-up for 3-42 months, 28 cases (93.3%) were of long-term satisfaction.@*CONCLUSION@#Rhinoplasty with autogenous nasal septal cartilage for saddle nose was an effective method to repair the nasal trauma.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Nasal Cartilages , Transplantation , Nasal Septum , General Surgery , Nose Deformities, Acquired , General Surgery , Rhinoplasty , Methods , Transplantation, Autologous , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of and HPV subtypes in vulvar condyloma acuminatum(CA)and subclinical HPV infection.Methods Eighty patients with a positive acetowhite test and suspected subclinical HPV infection were selected from 272 patients with typical CA lesions in perianal and external genital region.Tissue specimens were obtained from typical CA and suspected subclinical HPV-infected lesions followed by pathological examination and HPV-DNA detection.Finally,71 patients were confirmed to suffer from both CA and subclinical HPV infection.A comparative analysis was performed to assess the differences in histopathological manifestation and HPV genotypes between CA and subclinical infection lesions.Results Pathological examination revealed typical histological changes of CA in 71(88.75％)typical CA specimens and 4(5％)suspected subclinical infection specimens,as well as squamous dysplasia in 9(11.25％)CA specimens and 71(88.75％)suspected subclinical infection specimens.HPV-DNA was positive in all(80)of the CA specimens and 93.75％(75)of the suspected subclinical infection specimens,negative in 5(6.25％)suspected subclinical infection specimens.Obvious differences were observed in pathological manifestation,koilocyte number(P ＜ 0.05),but not in the distribution of HPV subtypes(P ＞ 0.05),between typical CA and concurrent subclinical HPV infection lesions in patients.Conclusion The diagnosis of subclinical HPV infection should be based on the result of acetowhite test,with the results of pathological examination and HPV DNA detection as an adjuvant.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the optimum technical conditions of extracting Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) from Carthmus tinctorius by multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The effects of extraction time of each stage, extraction temperature, ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio (g x mL(-1)) on extraction yield of HSYA were studied by orthogonal test design and the comparison of other extraction methods were presented.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Extraction time and solid-liquid ratio had significant influence on the extraction yield, and the optimum parameters were as follows: Extraction time of each stage was 120 min, solid-liquid ratio was 1 : 10 (g x mL(-1)), ethanol concentration was 30%, and extracted at room temperature. Under the optimum conditions, the extraction yield of HSYA was 1.56% and the purity of the extract was 6.06%. Compared with the traditional extraction method and the ultrasonic extraction method of the pharmacopoeia, the extraction yield was increased by 6.12% and 9.09%, the purity of extract was increased by 42.9% and 27.0%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology has many advantages such as simple operation, less solvent consumption, higher extraction yield and purity of extract and it has wide industrial application prospect.</p>