ABSTRACT
Chinese traditional medicine compound is the main form of Chinese medicine clinical application. The elucidation of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the key scientific issues to promote the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. At present, there are many research ideas on the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine compounds. By analyzing the current status and existing problems of existing research ideas, the author proposes a "double reduction network pharmacology"(2 R network pharmacology) research method based on "prediction of dominant components-potential target selection". Chemical components with good properties were selected by ADMET property prediction technology, and compared with the blood components and target organ components to determine the dominant components with potential therapeutic effect, that is "reducing constituents"; the potential core regulatory pathway of traditional Chinese medicine compound was enriched by RNA-Seq technology combined with network database, and then the target of traditional Chinese medicine compound was mined based on the signal pathway, that is "reducing targets". To improve the efficiency and accuracy of effective component screening, the network relationship of "component target" was established by the related technology of network pharmacology. The purpose of this study is to provide practical research ideas and methods for clarifying the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine, revealing the law of compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine and clarifying the target of drug action.
Subject(s)
Databases, Factual , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Molecular Docking Simulation , Research DesignABSTRACT
Objective: To rapidly identify the chemical constituents from the aqueous extract of Scrophulariae Radix by UPLC-LTQ- Orbitrap HRMS combined with cleavage pathways of different chemical constituent cluster. Methods: The analysis was performed on an Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column (100 mm ×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution was used for gradient elution, with a flow rate of 0.20 mL/min. ESI ion source was applied for mass spectra under positive mode. Results: The cleavage pathways of iridoids and phenylpropanoids were summarized based on mass data of standards. The constituents of the aqueous extract of Scrophulariae Radix were further analyzed by using the mass data and element compositions analysis, and referring with the cleavage pathways, literatures and ClogP value. A total of 61 constituents were identified, including 28 iridoids, 27 phenylpropanoids, and six others. Among them, three acetylangoroside C and methoxylscrophuloside B4 were new compounds, and stegioside III was identified from Scrophulariae Radix for the first time. Conclusion: UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap HRMS can rapidly and comprehensively characterize the chemical constituents of the aqueous extract of Scrophulariae Radix, which provides a reference for the clarification of efficacy material basis and quality control of Scrophulariae Radix.
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Objective To explore the anti-influenza virus effect of phenolic fraction of Mentha haplocalyx in vitro, and to establish the HPLC characteristic spectrum of phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx for its quality evaluation. Methods MTT method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx on influenza virus PR8 infecting MDCK cells in three ways, including adding drug firstly, adding drug and virus simultaneously and adding virus firstly. The characteristic spectrum of phenolic fraction samples of 12 batches of M. haplocalyx was established by HPLC method. The similarity of which was analyzed with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia Medica (2.0 version). Results The phenolic fraction at 0.31—10 μg/mL showed antivirus PR8 activities in different degrees under three adding drug ways. Phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx at six dilution concentrations displayed obvious antivirus PR8 effect under two adding drug ways including adding drug firstly and adding virus firstly, and virus inhibition rates of which were 14.17%—41.31% and 45.64%—87.48%, respectively. Total of 11 peaks were chosen as the common characteristic peaks of spectrum with the similarity degrees more than 0.9 of 12 batches of samples, which illustrated that different batches of phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx were of high similarity. Conclusion Phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx had better antiviral effect in vitro. The characteristic spectrum method established in this paper was simple, stable and reproducible, which could reflect the whole profile of phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx and provide reference for quality control and efficacy stability of phenolic fraction of M. haplocalyx.
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BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty has been widely used in clinical practice, and achieved good clinical efficacy. However, with the yearly increased number of patients receiving primary arthroplasty, the number of revision hip arthroplasty patients has increased. However, hip arthroplasty is one of the most difficult hip surgery, and it is challenging. OBJECTIVE: To review the causes of femoral revision of the hip arthroplasty, the classification of the femoral bone defect, and the type of prosthesis available in the clinical revision, and the clinical effect of the different prosthesis, so as to provide reference for femoral revision. METHODS: CNKI, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for the literatures published between January 1975 and August 2017 with the key words of "Revision total hip arthroplasty, Femur revision, Cemented femoral revision, Cemenless femoral revision Reoperation, Porous-coated stems, Modular, tapered stem, Wagner SL revision Stem". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 1 041 articles were retrieved. After reading the abstract, unrelated and repeated studies were excluded. Finally, 109 studies were included. Of them, there were 106 English studies and 3 Chinese studies. Femoral revision was analyzed and summarized. (2) Femoral revision of the hip is still the future challenges facing the joint surgeon. We continue to strive to overcome the direction. Although the current material science and surgical technology are now rapidly developed, only the analysis of the reasons for the revision of the femoral side, identifying the femoral side bone defect classification, mastering the treatment of different defects and the application of the principle of prosthesis type, making reasonable femoral revision program is the key to success according to the patient's age and activity.
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Objective To provide experimental basis for the weapon design by means of observing the injury by super high velocity fragments. Methods Nine male Huanan dogs were wounded by super high velocity aluminium bullet shot from an explosive gun with the energy of 15 360,12 643 and 8 144 J respectively, the degree of injury of local tissues and the pathological changes of main organs were observed. Results The injury degree of local tissue wounded by the super high velocity fragment of 15 360 J was similar to that of 8 144 J, and was more severe than that of wound by 12 643 J. Conclusion The injury degree is closely related to the mass and the momentum of the super high velocity fragment, the more the momentum is,the greater the execution is. No significant relationship exist between the injury degree and the energy.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of the changes of several metabolic and biochemical indices in dogs with both hindlimbs injured by kinetic weapon. Methods 12 animals were divided into 4 groups (Group Ⅰ, injured by regular weapon; Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ injured by imitative kinetic weapons with different energy respectively). Levels of plasma Na+,Ca2+,K+ glucose, AMY, LDH, CK and serum T3,insulin,TSH were determined before and after injured. Results ①Local wounding conditions and distant organs' injuries in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were more serious than those in group Ⅰ. ②Levels of plasma glucose in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were inereased significantly after injury than before(P<0.05), but not in group Ⅰ. Levels of Na+,Ca2+,K+,AMY,LDH in 4 groups had similar changes after injury while levels of CK in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were inereased significantly than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). ③After injury, levels of T3 in serum of all animals showed a decreased tendency and that of insulin decreased more significantly (P<0.05). There was no difference between every two groups. Levels of TSH in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were increased significantly after injured than before (P<0.05), but not in group Ⅰ. Conclusion Not only local severe injury but also more serious injury in distant organs and more obvious changes of metabolic and biochemical indices can be induced by kinetic weapons than regular weapons.
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Objective To provide experimental basis for the weapon design by means of observing the injury by super high velocity fragments. Methods Nine male Huanan dogs were wounded by super high velocity aluminium bullet shot from an explosive gun with the energy of 15 360,12 643 and 8 144 J respectively, the degree of injury of local tissues and the pathological changes of main organs were observed. Results The injury degree of local tissue wounded by the super high velocity fragment of 15 360 J was similar to that of 8 144 J, and was more severe than that of wound by 12 643 J. Conclusion The injury degree is closely related to the mass and the momentum of the super high velocity fragment, the more the momentum is,the greater the execution is. No significant relationship exist between the injury degree and the energy.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of the changes of several metabolic and biochemical indices in dogs with both hindlimbs injured by kinetic weapon. Methods 12 animals were divided into 4 groups (Group Ⅰ, injured by regular weapon; Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ injured by imitative kinetic weapons with different energy respectively). Levels of plasma Na+,Ca2+,K+ glucose, AMY, LDH, CK and serum T3,insulin,TSH were determined before and after injured. Results ①Local wounding conditions and distant organs' injuries in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were more serious than those in group Ⅰ. ②Levels of plasma glucose in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were inereased significantly after injury than before(P<0.05), but not in group Ⅰ. Levels of Na+,Ca2+,K+,AMY,LDH in 4 groups had similar changes after injury while levels of CK in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were inereased significantly than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). ③After injury, levels of T3 in serum of all animals showed a decreased tendency and that of insulin decreased more significantly (P<0.05). There was no difference between every two groups. Levels of TSH in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were increased significantly after injured than before (P<0.05), but not in group Ⅰ. Conclusion Not only local severe injury but also more serious injury in distant organs and more obvious changes of metabolic and biochemical indices can be induced by kinetic weapons than regular weapons.