Changes of three cardiac markers at pre - and post -treatment in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of cardiac function at pre -and post -treatment in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)in order to guide drug treatment.Methods Totally 84 preterm infants with PDA admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University from July 201 2 to June 201 4 were divided into 4 groups according to treatment drug:Ibuprofen group (27 cases),Indo-methacin group (24 cases),control group (1 1 cases),and Paracetamol group (22 cases).Patients were also divided into symptomatic PDA group (38 cases)and asymptomatic PDA group (46 cases)according to severity;PDA closed group (69 cases)and PDA unclosed group (1 5 cases)according to sequel.The level of plasma brain natriuretic pep-tide (BNP),cardiac troponin I (cTnI),correct QT intervals dispersion (QTcd)were monitored pre -and post -treat-ment.Data were analyzed by using SPSS 1 9.0 software.Results Three cardiac markers at post -treatment were of no significant difference among 4 treatment drugs.The changes of the cTnI and QTcd at pre -and post -treatment were of no significance.The level of BNP in symptomatic PDA group was significantly higher than that in asymptomatic PDA group at pre -treatment [(378 ±94)ng/L vs (1 47 ±75)ng/L,t =2.584,P =0.01 4].In the symptomatic PDA group,the level of BNP at post -treatment [(1 82 ±81 )ng/L]was significantly decreased than that at per -treatment (t =2.741 ,P =0.009).In the asymptomatic PDA group,there was no significant difference between the pre - and post -treatment [(1 21 ±61 )ng/L]in the level of BNP (t =1 .254,P =0.207).There was no significant difference in the level of BNP at per -treatment between PDA closed group and PDA unclosed group [(274 ±91 )ng/L vs (289 ± 87)ng/L,t =-0.874,P =0.391 ].In PDA closed group,the level of BNP at post -treatment [(1 21 ±74)ng/L] was significantly decreased compared with that at per -treatment (t =3.580,P =0.000).In PDA unclosed group, there was no significant difference between the pre - and post -treatment [(245 ±74)ng/L]in the level of BNP (t =0.854,P =0.392).Conclusion Early medication intervention for symptomatic PDA of preterm infants is benefi-cial for the closure of PDA and for attenuating negative effects on cardiac function of PDA.

Application of three kinds of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation as a primary mode of ventilation in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation has increasingly been chosen as the primary ventilation mode in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. In order to further understand the application of various non-invasive positive pressure ventilation modes, we compared the advantages and disadvantages of three modes as a primary mode of ventilation in premature infants with RDS.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>From December 2011 to March 2013, 107 preterm infants with RDS who received intubation-pulmonary surfactant (PS) -extubation in our NICU were randomly divided (by means of random number table) into three groups based on the primary mode of ventilation: nasal continuous positive airway pressure [NCPAP, n = 39, male/female ratio was 27/12, mean gestational age (GA) was (32.0 ± 2.1)weeks, mean birth weight (BW) was (1752 ± 457)g], bi-level positive airway pressure [BiPAP, n = 35, male/female ratio was 25/10, GA was (31.4 ± 2.0) weeks, BW was (1530 ± 318) g], and synchronized bi-level positive airway pressure [SBiPAP, n = 33, male/female rate was 25/8, GA was (31.5 ± 2.2) weeks, BW was (1622 ± 447) g]. Ventilation settings including FiO(2) were adjusted according to transcutaneous SPO(2) monitoring or blood gas analysis. Various settings and adverse events were recorded as well. The main parameter was the FiO(2) at 24 h post-positive-pressure ventilation. Statistical analyses were performed using χ(2) test, rank sum test, one-way analysis of variance for least-significant difference value, paired-sample t-test, two related sample Wilcoxon signed rank sum test and Logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The PaCO(2) (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), oxygen index (OI) at 12-24 h, and FiO(2) at 24 h post-ventilation in BiPAP and SBiPAP groups were lower than that in NCPAP groups with significant difference (44 ± 9 and 45 ± 9 vs. 50 ± 9, 2.76 ± 0.96 and 2.79 ± 0.60 vs. 3.24 ± 0.72, 0.34 ± 0.10 and 0.35 ± 0.07 vs. 0.39 ± 0.07; F = 4.456, 5.146 and 4.123; P = 0.014, 0.007 and 0.019, respectively). There was no significant difference between BiPAP and SBiPAP groups. There was no significant difference among three groups (all P > 0.05) in the following events: respiratory index (RI) at 12-24 h post-ventilation, abdominal distension, period of non-invasive ventilation, ratio of intubation for invasive ventilation if failed noninvasive ventilation, air-leak syndrome, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, mortality rate after 36 h of age or rate of abandon for discharge. The independent risk factors for failure of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation were gender, gestational age, antepartum steroid at 24 h before birth to 7 d, and birth weight, with the OR (95% confidence interval) being 14.120 (1.135, 175.662), 2.862 (1.479, 5.535), 61.084 (3.115, 1 198.031), and 8.306 (1.488, 46.383), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As the primary mode of ventilation in premature infants with RDS, both BiPAP and SBiPAP are more beneficial than NCPAP in improving oxygenation and reducing CO(2) retention without increasing the incidence of adverse events.</p>

Semaphorins 3A and synaptophysin P38 expression induced by status epilepticus in hippocampus of developing rat / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe Semaphorins-3A and synaptophysin P38 expression in hippocampus of developing rat induced by status epilepticus.Methods 320 SD rats were divided into four groups (P7,P14,P21 and P28) according to day -old after birth (7d,14d,21d and 28d).Rats in each group were randomly divided into model group (SE group) and saline control group (NS group).SE was induced by Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).Semaphorins-3A and synaptophysin P38 expression were determined by immunohistochemical staining on 1d,7d,14d,21d and 28d after SE in hippocampal CA1 of rats.ResultsSemaphorins-3A-positive cells could be seen in the hippocampal granule cell layer in all rats.Semaphorins-3A expression tended to decrease with the increasing of day-age,especially in P7 group(91 552.68 ± 4664.69 ).No matter how day-age,Semaphorins-3A expression was similar to that in NS group and was obvious reduced in 7d after SE(56 938.84 ± 5688.47 ).Meanwhile P38 expression in P7-day-age rats had had been gradually increasing between 1 day and 14d (5413.18 ±48.77,6223.40±29.19,6902.94 ±78.51 ) and then stabilized gradually on 21d(7523.42 ± 62.94) after rats were tested.P38 expression in other day-age rat was relatively stable on the same level in physiological state.On the other hand P38 expression in the hippocampal CA1 region of P7,P14,P21 and P28 rats was significantly higher than that in normal rats between 1day and 28day after SE episode(P＜ 0.05 ),and reached a peak on 14 day(8408.35 ± 55.73 ).ConclusionSemaphorins-3A and synaptophysin P38 involved in hippocampal synaptic plasticity of rat in developing stage and epilepsy.

Hippocampal neurogenesis in developing rats induced by status epilepticus / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To observe neural stem cells proliferation,migration and differentiation in hippocampus in developing rats with status epileptictus.Methods 320 healthy SD rats at age 7,14,21,28 d (P7,P14,P21,P28) were randomly divided into status epilepticus (SE) and normal control group.In each group those rats at the same age were further randomly divided into 1,7,14,21,28 d five time points after PTZ-induced SE (n =8).New cell proliferation and migration were observed by immunohistochemistry studies in the dentate gyms.Double labeling with Brdu/NeuN and Brdu/GFAP was performed in the P14 rats.Results Nestin positive cells appeared in the dentate gyms on 1 d after SE in P7,P14,P21,P28 rats.The number of nestin positive cells gradually increased on 7 d and reached a peak on 14 d,then gradually reduced on 21 d,finally fell to a minimum on 28 d after SE.The numbers of nestin positive cells on 7 d(177.00 ± 3.22,t =16.033) and 14 d (195.00 ± 3.41,t =28.840) were significantly higher in the SE group than the NS group (147.50 ± 2.08,136.50 ± 2.65,both P ＜ 0.05).The smaller age of rats with SE onset,the greater the nestin intensity.But the number of nestin positive cells in the dentate gyrus of normal rats were gradually decreased with increasing age.Nestin positive cells were distributed in subgranular zone of dentate gyrus on 1 d and 7 d after SE,then gradually migrated to the granule cell layer on 14 d with morphological changes.Small part of nestin positive cells were ectopically migrated to the hilus of dentate gyrus in P14,P21,P28 age rats,and were also seen in the CA1,CA3 of hippocampus and cortex with various cell morphology.For differentiation of newly generated cells,most of Brdu positive cells coexpressed NeuN and about 4％-5％ cells co-expressed GFAP.Conclusions SE could induce neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus area in developing rats which has age-related characteristics.Most new cells migrate from the subgranular zone to the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus,and a small number of newly generated cells ectopically migrated to the hilus of dentate.The majority of newly generated cells differentiate into neurons,and the others differentiate into glial.

Distribution and expression of Semaphorins-3A protein in brain of developing rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the distribution and expression of Semaphorins-3A protein in brain of postnatal rats.Methods Semaphorins-3A positive cells were observed by immunohistochemistry in the cerebral cortex,hippocampus,dentate gyms and entorhinal cortex in postnatal 0d,7d,14d,21 d and 28d of Sprague Dawley rats.Results Semaphorins-3A positive cells widely distributed in the granule cell layer ( Ⅱ ),external pyramidal cell layer ( Ⅲ ),internal granular cell layer ( Ⅳ ),pyramidal cell layer ( Ⅴ ) and layer of polymorphous cells ( Ⅵ ),in addition to the molecular layer ( Ⅰ ) of the parietal,occipital,frontal,temporal,insular,cingulate cortex,piriform cortex and entorhinal cortex with postnatal 0d,7d,14d,21d and 28d rats.The amount of semaphorins-3A positive cells(IOD) in the entorhinal cortex was 84916.23 ± 3266.34 in P0d,77711.41 ± 2634.26 in P7d,74124.25 ± 3989.09 in P14d,65887.63 ± 3406.57 in P21d and 57705.96 ± 3136.35 in P28d,meanwhile the region of semaphorins-3A positive cells narrowed in the part level with Ⅱ -Ⅵ levels of cortex.Similarly semaphorins-3A positive cells distributed mainly in granule cell layer of dentate gyrus,CA1,CA3 region and only a few of semaphorins-3A positive cells scattered in the multi-line layer in hippocampus.The expression level of semaphorins-3Awas significant difference among postnatal 0d,7d,14d,21d and 28d rats (P＜0.01).Conclusion Semaphorins-3A positive cells widely distribute in the various cortex and hippocampus in developing rat brain,and the region of semaphorins-3A is reduced with age growth of rats.

The relationship between degree of vicarious traumatization and personality in trauma helpers / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between vicarious traumatization and personality in trauma helpers. Methods Questionnaire about vicarious traumatization and Revised eysenck personality questionnaire short for Chinese(EPQ-RSC) have been carried out on a random sample of 86 trauma helpers in Wenchuan earthquate region from Tangshan. And all the data of the questionnaire scales will be dealt with by the software SPSS11.5. Results ( 1 ) There were significant gender differences on vicarious traumatization of trauma helpers in emotional reaction( famale :20.03 ± 4.92; male: 15.09 ± 3.93 ), behavioral reaction ( famale: 16. 43 ± 4. 49;male: 12.11 ± 2.57 ), cognitional reaction( female: 10.27 ± 3.28; male: 8.29 ± 2.81 ), faith of life ( famale: 14.17± 3.53; male: 11.20 ± 3.37 ), physiological reaction ( female: 21.23 ± 5.31; male: 17.32 ± 4.80) and the total core of vicarious traumatization( famale: 82.70 ± 17.74; male: 64.00 ± 12.49) (P＜0.01). (2) There were significant differences of vicarious traumatization of trauma helpers on professional training and experience of trauma help (P ＜ 0.05 ). ( 3 ) Comparing to helpers of non-vicarious traumatization, the helpers of vicarious traumatization were high in N scale questionnaire (P＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion Vicarious traumatization of trauma helpers are affected by sex, professional training and experience of trauma help. The best choice of trauma helper is steady emotion personality..