ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) vaccine combined with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells for treatment of patients with biliary tract cancer. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from the patients with biliary tract cancer and were stimulated with multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAA) for amplification and culture. Mature DCs were harvested and made into vaccine for intradermal administration, and at the same time the patients were given autologous CIK cells via vein transfusion. The clinical efficacy, immune function, side effect, and overall survival of 85 patients with biliary tract cancer were observed before and after treatment. Results The clinical symptoms were improved significantly in the 85 patients after autologous DC-CIK therapy (P +, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3+CD56+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were elevated in the lymhocyte subpopulation, but the regulatory T cells were reduced (P <0.05). At the end of the follow-up, 58 patients died, 2 patients were lost in follow-up, and 25 patients survived, with the median overall survival time being 16.5 months (95%CI: 12.1-20.9 months). Conclusion Autologous DC-CIK therapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with biliary tract cancer, with less side effect, but the relevant conclusion still needs to be confirmed by larger sample randomized controlled studies.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a method for simultaneous detection of norovirus (NV),rotavirus (RV), astrovirus (AV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) by multiplex reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods Specific primers of the four viruses were designed based on the high conserved sequences, the reaction system and conditions optimized and the specificity and sensitivity confirmed. The method was then applied to detect the four viruses in clinical samples. Results The steady detection limits were 100 pg/ml for hepatitis A virus, 50 pg/ml for rotavirus, norovirus and astrovirus respectively. When the developed method was used to detect clinical fecal samples, 62(48.44%)were iden tified as rotavirus, 8 (6.25%) as norovirus, 11 (8.59%) as astrovirus and 4 (3.12%) as hepatitis A virus in a total of 128 samples. Conclusion Data from our study showed that multiplex RTPCR system could be used to simultaneously detect the four viruses in routine monitoring and risk assessment in disease outbreaks with high specificity and sensitivity.
ABSTRACT
Foodbome viruses are defined to be viruses that can lead to human diseases through food. In accordance with the different origin, foodborne viruses can be divided into two kinds: intestinal viruses and zoonotic viruses. The former include those viruses that can be transmitted to person via fecal-orally route. The latter include those zoonotic viruses that chiefly transmitted to person through livestock and poultry products. This paper expounds foodborne viruses categories, biology nature, epidemiology character, and study circumstance, and clarifies the molecular biological methods and problems on the base of the polymerase chain reactions, and presents the development direction and application perspective of the foodbome viruses study.