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Objective To investigate the family aggregation of human hookworm infections in Sichuan Province and to identify its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into management of hookworm infections. Methods Three to four counties (districts) were sampled from basins, hilly regions and mountainous regions around the basins in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2022 as fixed survey sites, and 17 to 30 counties (districts) were selected as mobile survey sites. At least 1 000 permanent residents at ages of 3 years and older were sampled from each survey site, and hookworm eggs were detected in human stool samples using the Kato-Katz technique. Subjects with 2 and more family members and at least 2 individuals diagnosed with hookworm infections in the county (district) where they lived were selected, and the familial aggregation of hookworm infections was analyzed using the test of goodness of fit for binomial distribution. In addition, the knowledge and practice of hookworm disease control were investigated among residents in Hejiang County and Wutongqiao District, Leshan City, Sichuan Province in 2021 and 2022, and the difference in the knowledge and practice of hookworm disease control was compared between members with and without familial aggregation of hookworm infections. Results A total of 66 812 residents from 25 196 households were sampled from main endemic areas of hookworm diseases in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2022 for detection of hookworm infections, and 4 403 infections were identified (6.59% prevalence). The distribution of human hookworm infections in Sichuan Province did not fit the binomial distribution, and showed family aggregations (χ2 = 2 116.759, P < 0.001). Family aggregation of human hookworm infections was found in endemic areas with 1% and higher prevalence of human hookworm infections (χ2 = 136.006 to 428.738, all P values < 0.001), and family aggregation of human hookworm infections was identified in different years (χ2 = 87.615 to 471.838, all P values < 0.001) and in different terrains of endemic areas (χ2 = 8.423 to 1 144.176, all P values < 0.001). The members with hookworm infections had median eggs per gram of 180 (interquartile range, 780) in aggregated families and 72 (102) in non-aggregated families (Z = −2.686, P < 0.05). The proportion of members in families with aggregation of hookworm infections who knew the preventive measures of hookworm disease was significantly lower than in non-aggregated families (24.49% vs. 51.72%; χ2 = 10.262, P < 0.05), and the proportion of members in families with aggregation of hookworm infections who often worked barefoot on the ground was significantly higher than in non-aggregated families (30.61% vs. 13.25%; χ2 = 6.289, P < 0.05). Conclusions There is a familial aggregation of human hookworm infections in Sichuan Province, and awareness of preventive measures for hookworm disease and frequent working barefoot on the ground are associated with familial aggregation of hookworm infections.
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Objective@#To compare the difference in somatic gene mutation of PTC subtypes between 114 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.@*Methods@#Totally 114 PTC patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were recruited. The 18 hotspot genes associated with thyroid cancer were detected in thyroidectomy specimens were using next generation sequencing. PTC data were downloaded from the TCGA database in the cBioPortal website, and the difference in the somatic gene mutation was compared between 114 PTC patients and the TCGA database@*Results@#The 114 PTC patients included 73 women (64.04%) and had a mean age of (39.23±13.18) years. The prevalence of BRAF V600E (66.67% vs. 48.68%), TERTp (3.51% vs. 0.41%), PDGFRA (1.75% vs. 0%), PTEN (3.51% vs. 0.41%) and TP53 gene mutations (4.39% vs. 0.61%) was significantly higher among the 114 PCT patients than in the TCGA database (P<0.05). The prevalence of BRAF V600E (80.88% vs. 54.99%), TP53 (7.35% vs. 0.57%) and TSHR gene mutations (2.94% vs. 0%) was significantly higher in classical PTC(CPTC) patients than in the TCGA database, and the prevalence of BRAF V600E (36.84% vs.13.86%) and TERTp gene mutations (10.53% vs. 0%) was significantly higher in follicular variant PTC (FVPTC) patients than in the TCGA database. According to the American Thyroid Association Risk Stratification of Thyroid Cancer Recurrence, the prevalence of BRAF V600E and TP53 gene mutations was 77.14% and 8.57% among moderate-risk CPTC patients, the prevalence of BRAF V600E gene mutation was 27.27% among low-risk FVPTC patients, and the prevalence of TERTp gene mutation was 33.33% among moderate-risk FVPTC patients, which were all higher than in the TCGA database (55.10%, 0%, 3.28%, and 0%, respectively; P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#There are significant differences in the type and rate of somatic gene mutations between 114 PTC patients and the TCGA database.
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Objective:To construct a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for quantification of virus particles in recombinant adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Methods:The genome of SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 strain was used as the target gene. A set of primer and probe was designed based on the conserved sequence of spike protein, and the ddPCR for quantification of virus particles in recombinant adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was established. The linearity, accuracy, specificity, repeatability and durability of the method were verified.Results:The optimal annealing temperature for ddPCR was 63℃. When the number of virus particles was in the range of 5×10 5-2×10 7 VP/ml, the linearity and the recovery rate of the method were good; the specificity of the probe and primer was good; the coefficient of variation (CV) values of the repeatability and the intermediate precision were within 10%; the CV value of the durability was within 15%. When comparing ddPCR with qPCR, the CV values were all within 10%. Conclusions:The established ddPCR had high sensitivity, good stability and strong specificity, suggesting that it could be used for the quantitative detection of virus particles in recombinant adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Objective:To investigate the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)bridging heart transplantation in critically ill children.Methods:The clinical data of two cases of critical infants with venous-arterial ECMO(VA-ECMO)bridging heart transplantation and literature review were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Two cases received orthotopic heart allograft with VA-ECMO support, and were discharged uneventfully without significant postoperative complications.On the 13th day of ECMO assistance, the first child was treated with orthotopic heart transplantation in a hospital qualified for heart transplantation, and the ECMO was evacuated during the operation.After 21 days of the heart transplantation, the patient was discharged from the hospital.The patient was followed up to be healthy after heart transplantation, and had the same development as children of the same age, and had been taking anti-rejection drugs for a long time.On the 10th day of VA-ECMO treatment, the second case received awake ECMO after cardiac function improved.On the 12th day of VA-ECMO treatment, the patient was successfully evacuated from VA-ECMO and waited for heart transplantation.Cardiac orthotopic transplantation was performed after the 17 days after VA-ECMO evacuation.The patient was transferred to the general ward after 6 days of hospitalization in the intensive care unit, and was discharged 23 days after transplantation with conventional anti-rejection therapy.Discharge follow-up in good health, normal school life.Conclusion:When VA-ECMO cannot be withdrawn from the heart of the critically ill children and the end-stage heart, VA-ECMO bridging heart transplantation should be selected at the right time for the children who meet the indications for heart transplantation to create survival opportunity for the previously hopeless children, save the life of the end-stage children, and improve the quality of life.
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Objective To investigate the distribution of malaria vector Anopheles in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, so as to provide the scientific evidence for improving the surveillance of malaria vector Anopheles and preventing re-establishment of imported malaria in Sichuan Province. Methods The density and species of Anopheles mosquitoes were investigated using human-bait trapping and light trapping techniques in malaria vector surveillance sites of Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021. The number, population and density of captured Anopheles mosquitoes were collected and descriptively analyzed, and the geographical distribution map of malaria vectors was plotted using the software ArcGIS 10.7 in Sichuan Province. Results A total of 152 243 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured in malaria vector surveillance sites of Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, including 150 987 An. sinensis (99.18%) and 1 256 An. anthropophagus (0.82%), and no other Anopheles species were captured. The annual densities of An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus were 0.64 to 1.27 mosquitoes/(person-hour) and 0 to 0.07 mosquitoes/(person-hour) by the human-bait trapping technique, and 6.46 to 26.50 mosquitoes/(light-night) and 0 to 0.82 mosquitoes/(light-night) by the light trapping technique in malaria vector surveillance sites of Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021. A relatively higher density of An. anthropophagus was seen in Renshou County, Jianyang City, Weiyuan County and Mabian Yi Autonomous County [> 0.40 mosquitoes/(person-hour)] by the human-bait trapping technique, and in Cuiping District and Gaoxian County in Yibin City [> 1.00 mosquito/(light-night)] by the light trapping technique in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2018, with no An. anthropophagus captured from 2019 to 2021, and a relatively higher density of An. sinensis was detected in Emeishan City, Lushan County, Luojiang District, Tongchuan District and Zhaohua District [> 4.00 mosquitoes/(person-hour)] by the human-bait trapping technique, and in Huili County, Yuexi County, Dechang County, Langzhong City, Pingchang County and Xuanhan County [> 40.00 mosquitoes/(light-night)] by the light trapping technique in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021. Conclusions Malaria vectors were still widespread in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, and An. sinensis was the dominant species of malaria vectors. There is still a risk of local re-establishment of imported malaria in Sichuan Province, and it is needed to continue to improve the surveillance of imported malaria cases and malaria vectors.
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Visceral leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by Phlebotomus chinensis that poses a great threat to human health. Historically, visceral leishmaniasis was predominantly prevalent in northwestern regions of Sichuan Province. Following the founding of the People’s Republic of China, large-scale integrated interventions had been implemented in visceral leishmaniasis-endemic areas of Sichuan Province, including identification and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis patients, elimination of infected dogs, Ph. chinensis control and health education. This review summarizes the prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis, discusses the control strategy of visceral leishmaniasis and analyzes the challenges of elimination of visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept in Sichuan Province, so as to provide insights into elimination of visceral leishmaniasis in the province.
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As one of the common benign gynecological diseases, endometriosis (EM) can have a serious impact on the physical and mental health and quality of life of women of childbearing age. Studies have shown that the risk of ovarian cancer in patients with EM is significantly higher than that in the general population. EM is closely related to the occurrence of some types of ovarian cancer, and this kind of ovarian cancer is named endometriosis-related ovarian cancer (EAOC). The incidence rate, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of EAOC are summarized in order to better understand it.
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@#To prepare a minocycline hydrochloride microsphere depot and evaluate its release performance and physicochemical properties, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was used as raw material, the minocycline hydrochloride microspheres were prepared by electrospray, and the morphology and size distribution of the microspheres were characterized by polarizing microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microspheres were then mixed with sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) depot at a ratio of 1:10 to form a minocycline hydrochloride microsphere depot, and its release performance and porosity changes were evaluated. The results showed that the microspheres had smooth surface and the diameter was (5.294 ± 1.222) μm. After the microspheres were added into SAIB depot, the burst release of minocycline hydrochloride significantly decreased from 60% to 3.27% at the first day, and then the release lasted for 42 days . Additionally, the porosity of the depot increased rapidly from (12.53 ± 0.43)% to (32.53 ± 0.43)% during days 0-15, and increased slowly from (32.53 ± 0.43)% to (33.81 ± 0.54)% during days 15-45. The minocycline hydrochloride microsphere depot prepared in this study is expected to be an effective way for the application of minocycline hydrochloride for its good release performance and simple preparation process.
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OBJECTIVES@#Due to the genetic feature of high diversity than other DNA markers, short tandem repeat (STR) plays key roles in forensic, anthropology, and population genetics. Newly introduced multiple STR kit is more valuable because of the greatly improved discriminatory power with the increase in the number of STR loci. The genetic polymorphic data are essential for the application and research in specific population. This study aims to investigate the genetic polymorphism of Han population residing in Yuncheng district, Shanxi Province, to evaluate the application of 23 STR loci in forensic personal identification and paternity test, and to explore the genetic relationship of Han population between Yuncheng and other populations.@*METHODS@#A total of 23 STR loci were amplified from 525 healthy unrelated individuals from the Han nationality in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province using the AGCU EX25 amplification kit. The products were detected and separated by ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer. Alleles were genotyped by GeneMapper ID (Version 3.2) software, and corresponding frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated. We calculated the genetic distance and plotted the neighboring-joining tree with other 13 population.@*RESULTS@#The allele frequency of the 23 STRs ranged from 0.0010 to 0.5090. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (@*CONCLUSIONS@#These 23 STRs are highly genetic polymorphic and informative in the Han population of Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, which can provide basic data for forensic personal identification, paternity testing, and population genetic research.
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Humans , Asian People/genetics , China , Ethnicity/genetics , Gene Frequency , Genetic Loci , Genetics, Population , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
Early-stage cervical cancer is mainly treated by surgery. However, the younger trend of the pathogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma and the high metastatic rate of ovary make it a hotspot in the research of fertility-sparing and ovarian preservation treatment. This article will introduce the treatment progress of early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma in recent years mainly from the aspects of pregnancy outcomes after fertility-sparing surgery and the safety of ovarian preservation, aiming to provide individualized treatment options for young patients with early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma.
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Medical record writing is an important part of clinical practice for stomatology undergraduates. The application of electronic medical record system has been used under the guidance of teachers in the practice of stomatology undergraduates in our hospital. This paper investigates the use of electronic medical records of undergraduates in practice through questionnaires, and analyzes the quality of electronic medical records by spot checking. It's found that electronic medical records can guide interns to improve their clinical abilities in all aspects, but there are still some shortcomings such as dependence on medical record templates and inadequate mobilization of clinical thinking ability. This paper puts forward some measures to promote the application of electronic medical records and the quality of practice teaching by strengthening pre-job education and mobilizing students' subjective initiative.
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Objective To research the clinical effect of platelet rich plasma combined with Bio-oss artificial bone meal in repairing bone defects around implants.Methods From January 2015 to January 2017,70 cases who completed the implant repair in Lishui People's Hospital,and later confirmed the defects around the implant were selected in the research.They were equally divided into observation group and control group according to admission,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Bio-oss artificial bone powder.The observation group was treated with platelet rich plasma combined with Bio-oss artificial bone powder.The clinical effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results Before treatment,the probe depth (PD),clinical attachment loss (CAL),plaque index (PI),gingival sulcus hemorrhage index (SBI) of the observation group and the control group were (7.18 ± 1.31)mm,(5.68 ±0.87)mm,(1.23 ±0.31),(2.48 ±0.34) and (7.22 ± 1.28)mm,(5.74 ±0.83) mm,(1.27 ± 0.33),(2.53 ± 0.36),respectively,which were significantly higher than those after treatment (all P ＜ 0.05).Before treatment,the bone mineral density (BMD) levels of the two groups were (35.48 ± 4.58) g/cm3 and (35.74 ±4.61) g/cm3,respectively,which were significantly lower than those after treatment (all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of PD,CAL,PI and SBI in the observation group at 3 months and 6 months after treatment were (4.48 ± 1.01) mm,(4.27 ±0.53)mm,(0.68 ±0.21),(1.12 ±0.13) and (3.43 ±0.76) mm,(3.58 ±0.54)mm,(0.38 ±0.07),(0.41 ±0.08),respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(5.19 ± 0.83) mm,(4.83 ±0.71)mm,(0.89 ±0.27),(1.46 ±0.21) and (4.14 ±0.98)mm,(4.21 ±0.62)mm,(0.49 ±0.11),(0.63 ±0.13)],the differences were statistically significant (t =3.213,3.739,3.632,8.144 and 3.387,4.533,4.991,8.526,P =0.002,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.001,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000).The levels of TA anterior temporalis muscle EMG and MA masseter muscle EMG in the two groups at 6 months after treatment were (76.81 ± 15.17) mV,(67.56 ±14.43)mV,(74.24 ± 13.28) mV,(68.27 ± 13.03) mV,(66.44 ± 13.28) mV,(58.76 ± 13.07) mV,(65.58 ±11.55) mV,(59.04 ± 10.76) mV,respectively,which were significantly higher than those before treatment [(46.48 ±11.15) mV,(38.19± 13.04) mV,(54.83 ±12.57) mV,(56.48 ±13.13) mV and (45.71 ±10.98) mV,(38.23 ±13.11)mV,(55.14±12.69) mV,(56.61 ± 13.08) mV] (all P ＜0.05).After treatment,the ICP-HB,ICMAP-MC,TA,EMG levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =3.042,2.674,2.911,2.994,P =0.003,0.009,0.004 and 0.003).Conclusion The effect of rich plate plasma combined with Bio-oss artificial bone powder on the repair of bone defect around the implant is significant.The platelet rich plasma can speed up and improve the repair speed and repair quality of bone defect around the implant,so that the therapeutic effect of implant repair can be maintained for a long time.
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Objective@#To assess the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine among children aged 6 to 72 months.@*Methods@#The test-negative case control study was conducted based on available surveillance data which was from China Influenza Surveillance Information system (CSIS). From October 2016 to April 2017 and from October 2017 to April 2018,1 161 cases aged 6-72 months with influenza-like illness in Yongkang and Yiwu city, were selected as the study subjects, and the cases with influenza test-positive were selected as the case group (403 cases). Test-negative subjects were selected as control group (758 cases). The etiology and immunization data of the subjects were obtained from CSIS and Immune Information and Management System (IIMS) respectively. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated using multivariate logistic regression model,and the mixed effects of non-randomized control in TNCC study were equalized by using the propensity score (PS) method in the statistical analysis.@*Results@#The age of the subjects was (2.44±1.60) years,and there were 681 boys (58.66%). The age of case group was (2.62±1.58) years, and there were 246 boys (61.04%). The case group was including of 237 cases (58.81%) of influenza A (H3N2), 92 cases (22.83%) of influenza A (H1N1) pmd09, 62 cases (15.38%) of influenza B(Victoria) lineage, 11 cases (2.73%) of influenza B (Yamagata) lineage and one case (0.25%) co-infection of influenza [A(H3N2)+B (Victoria)]. The mean age of the control group was (2.35±1.61) years,and there were 435 boys (57.39%). Overall vaccine effectiveness (VE) against all type influenza for two seasons combined was 58% (95%CI: 31%-74%). An analysis by age groups showed 68% (95%CI:41%-82%) of the VE estimate among children aged 36-72 months while it was 28%(95%CI:-80%-71%)of the VE estimate among children aged 6-35 months. The VE estimate value was 54% (95%CI:16%-75%) against all type influenza and 65% (95%CI:24%-83%) against influenza A (H3N2) during the 2016-2017 season. During the 2017-2018 season, the VE estimate value was 69% (95%CI:18%-88%) against all type influenza.@*Conclusion@#Influenza vaccine is effective in preventing influenza virus infection during the flu season,especially the effect among children aged 36-72 months is higher compared to that among children aged 6-35 months.
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Objective@#To research the clinical effect of platelet rich plasma combined with Bio-oss artificial bone meal in repairing bone defects around implants.@*Methods@#From January 2015 to January 2017, 70 cases who completed the implant repair in Lishui People's Hospital, and later confirmed the defects around the implant were selected in the research.They were equally divided into observation group and control group according to admission, with 35 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Bio-oss artificial bone powder.The observation group was treated with platelet rich plasma combined with Bio-oss artificial bone powder.The clinical effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.@*Results@#Before treatment, the probe depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival sulcus hemorrhage index (SBI) of the observation group and the control group were (7.18±1.31)mm, (5.68±0.87)mm, (1.23±0.31), (2.48±0.34) and (7.22±1.28)mm, (5.74±0.83)mm, (1.27±0.33), (2.53±0.36), respectively, which were significantly higher than those after treatment (all P<0.05). Before treatment, the bone mineral density (BMD) levels of the two groups were (35.48±4.58)g/cm3 and (35.74±4.61)g/cm3, respectively, which were significantly lower than those after treatment (all P<0.05). The levels of PD, CAL, PI and SBI in the observation group at 3 months and 6 months after treatment were (4.48±1.01)mm, (4.27±0.53)mm, (0.68±0.21), (1.12±0.13) and (3.43±0.76)mm, (3.58±0.54)mm, (0.38±0.07), (0.41±0.08), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(5.19±0.83)mm, (4.83±0.71)mm, (0.89±0.27), (1.46±0.21) and (4.14±0.98)mm, (4.21±0.62)mm, (0.49±0.11), (0.63±0.13)], the differences were statistically significant (t=3.213, 3.739, 3.632, 8.144 and 3.387, 4.533, 4.991, 8.526, P=0.002, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000). The levels of TA anterior temporalis muscle EMG and MA masseter muscle EMG in the two groups at 6 months after treatment were (76.81±15.17)mV, (67.56±14.43)mV, (74.24±13.28)mV, (68.27±13.03)mV, (66.44±13.28)mV, (58.76±13.07)mV, (65.58±11.55)mV, (59.04±10.76)mV, respectively, which were significantly higher than those before treatment [(46.48±11.15) mV, (38.19±13.04) mV, (54.83±12.57) mV, (56.48±13.13) mV and (45.71±10.98) mV, (38.23±13.11)mV, (55.14±12.69) mV, (56.61±13.08) mV] (all P<0.05). After treatment, the ICP-HB, ICMAP-MC, TA, EMG levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=3.042, 2.674, 2.911, 2.994, P=0.003, 0.009, 0.004 and 0.003).@*Conclusion@#The effect of rich plate plasma combined with Bio-oss artificial bone powder on the repair of bone defect around the implant is significant.The platelet rich plasma can speed up and improve the repair speed and repair quality of bone defect around the implant, so that the therapeutic effect of implant repair can be maintained for a long time.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency and prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT for response assessment after treatment in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) when using the Deauville criteria and International Harmonization Project (IHP) criteria.Methods A total of 212 patients (119 males,93 males,average age:59.6(10-88) years) with DLBCL from February 2010 to June 2018 were analyzed.All subjects underwent restaging PET/CT after treatment.Images were evaluated with the IHP criteria,Deauville score of 3-5 (DC3) and Deauville score of 4-5 (DC4).The diagnostic efficiency of the 3 criteria for treatment effect was assessed and follow-up results were used as the gold standard.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used.Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards model.Results The positive predictive value and accuracy of DC4 for treatment effect evaluation were 96.8％(61/63) and 94.3％(200/212),those of IHP criteria were 75.3％(67/89) and 87.7％(186/212)respectively,and those of DC3 were 82.9％ (68/82) and 92.0％ (195/212) respectively.IHP criteria results and Deauville scores were correlated(rs =0.926,P＜0.05).The 2-year PFS rates in IHP-,DC3-and CD4-positive groups were 78.7％,76.5％ and 69.8％,respectively,and those in IHP-,DC3-and CD4-negative groups were significantly higher (95.6％,94.7％,97.2％;x2=14.415,18.293 and 26.920,all P＜0.05).The similar results were found for OS rates (x2 =9.597,11.149 and 17.416,all P＜0.05).The 2-year PFS rates in Deauville score of 1,2,3,4,5 groups were 95.3％,91.7％,93.3％,88.9％ and 55.6％ respectively (x2 =48.199,P＜0.05).Cox-regression analysis showed significant correlation between Deauville criteria and 2-year PFS rate (P＜0.05).Conclusions PET/CT with DC4,DC3 and IHP criteria have high predictive values for treatment outcome,and DC4 is the best.Cox regression analysis shows significant risk of progression by Deauville criteria.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of pyruvate kinase M2 ( PKM2) gene expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma ( PTC). Methods Quantitative real-time PCR ( RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of PKM2 mRNA in benign thyroid nodules, PTC, and normal thyroid cells around nodules of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. Immunohistochemistry ( IHC) was used to detect the expression of PKM2 protein in thyroid tissue after thyroidectomy. The receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic value of PKM2 in PTC. Results The expression of PKM2 mRNA was detectable in FNA specimens of thyroid nodules,higher in PTC than those in normal thyroid tissue and benign thyroid nodules (P<0.01). PKM2 expression level was correlated with diameter of PTC ( P<0.05) , but had no correlation with lymph node metastasis, BRAFV600E mutation, and American Joint Committe on Cancer( AJCC) stage ( P>0.05) . The expression level of PKM2 mRNA in FNA specimens of thyroid nodules was paralleled with the expression level of PKM2 protein in postoperation pathological tissues. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity of PKM2 gene in the diagnosis of PTC were 62.8％, 46.9％, and 95.7％, respectively. The accuracy and sensitivity of PKM2 combined with BRAFV600E were increased to 87.6％and 83.7％. Conclusion Detection of PKM2 gene in FNA specimens is highly specific in the diagnosis of PTC, making it a valuable molecular marker for preoperative diagnosis. The combination of PKM2 and BRAFV600E detection shows a higher diagnosis efficiency.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between perineural invasion (PNI) and clinicopathological features as well as the prognosis of cervical squamous carcinoma. Methods The clinico-pathological data of 256 patients with cervical squamous carcinoma (ⅠB1-ⅡA2) treated with extensive resection and pelvic lymphadenectomy in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. PNI of tumor area in the pathological sections was observed by using microscope. The relationship between PNI and clinicopathological features was analyzed. The effect of PNI on postoperative 5-year survival was also analyzed. Results There were 22 (8.6％) cases of PNI among 256 patients with cervical squamous carcinoma. PNI-positive had a relation with tumor stage, depth of invasion, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that positive lymph node metastasis was an independent risk factor for PNI (OR = 3.89, 95％ CI 1.50-10.12, P =0.005); infiltration depth > 1/2 might be an independent risk factor for PNI (OR = 7.30, 95％ CI 0.91-58.74, P = 0.062). The 5-year total survival rate was 89.9％ for 256 patients with cervical squamous carcinoma. And the 5-year total survival rate of PNI-positive patients was lower than that of PNI-negative patients (50.3％ vs. 93.4％). Cox regression showed that PNI-positive was a risk factor for 5-year total survival (HR = 9.73, 95％CI 4.31-21.98, P < 0.01); after adjusting the relevant clinicopathological features, PNI-positive was still a risk factor of 5-year total survival (HR = 8.12, 95％ CI 2.47-26.73, P = 0.001). Conclusions The occurrence of PNI in cervical squamous carcinoma of ⅠB1 -ⅡA2 is associated with clinical stage, depth of invasion, LVSIand lymph node metastasis. PNI-positive may be a new risk factor for the prognosis of cervical squamous carcinoma.
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Objective@#To disclose the effects of booster immunization of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (HDCV) after eight years of primary vaccination.@*Methods@#Sixty subjects who had participated the phase Ⅲ clinical trial of freeze-dried HDCV were selected and gaven booster immunization after eight years of primary vaccination. The side effects of booster immunization were observed. The serum before and after 14 days of booster immunization were collected and detected the rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) by rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT). The positive rate and geometric mean titer (GMT) of RVNA before and after booster immunization were made statistical analysis.@*Results@#Total 54 subjects finished the follow-up and RVNA detection. No sever side-effects were observed in 30 min or 15 days of follow-up after booster immunization. The positive rate of RVNA before and after booster immunization were 51.85% (28/54) and 96.30% (52/54). The GMT of RVNA before and after booster immunization were 1.42 IU/ml and 30.61 IU/ml.@*Conclusions@#The freeze-dried HDCV has good immune effects with one-dose of booster immunization after eight years of primary vaccination.
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Objective@#To evaluate the effect of the Thyroid Imaging Report and Data System proposed by American Radiological Society (ACR-TIRADS) for differential diagnosis in thyroid nodules, and compare ACR-TIRADS to the TIRADS proposed by Kwak et al.(K-TIRADS) and the ultrasound-based risk stratification system evaluated by American Thyroid Association (ATA-Risk Stratification).@*Methods@#The clinical data of 1 760 patients with 1 912 thyroid nodules from 8 hospitals in Jiangsu province were retrospectively analysed. All of them were categorized based on ultrasound-based risk stratification systems. The ROC curve was established to assess and compare the diagnostic value of the systems.@*Results@#The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of ACR-TIRADS was 0.830, with high sensitivity and negative predictive value (86.9% and 87.5%, respectively), and relatively low specificity and positive predictive value (64.1% and 62.9%, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of K-TIRADS were up to 84.9% and 76.1%, respectively. The AUC of ATA-Risk Stratification was 0.852, with relatively high specificity (83.4%), and low sensitivity (79.4%). There were significant differences in the AUC among the three ultrasound-based risk stratification systems, of which K-TIRADS was the highest (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in sensitivity of ACR-TIRADS and K-TIRADS (P=0.137), but significantly higher than that of ATA-Risk Stratification (P<0.001). There were significant differences in the specificity among the three systems, of which ATA-Risk Stratification was the highest (P<0.001). In addition, there were 109 nodules (5.7%) couldn′t be classified based on ATA-Risk Stratification, with high malignancy rate of 31.2%.@*Conclusions@#The diagnostic efficiency of ACR-TIRADS is good, but lower than K-TIRADS and ATA-Risk Stratification. ACR-TIRADS has the highest sensitivity, and ATA-Risk Stratification has the highest specificity, while the overall diagnostic efficiency of K-TIRADS is the best.
ABSTRACT
To understand and master the distribution of risk factors of stroke in community residents aged 40 and above in Xiaogan city, to provide reference basis for the targeted development of stroke prevention and control. Methods Adopting the method of cluster sampling, 1780 community residents aged 40 or higher, using the unified " stroke risk groups and intervention project risk assessment chart" issued by the national health commission, a questionnaire survey was conducted to meet eligibility criteria, physical testing and laboratory examination. Results Of the 1 274 people who were assessed as high risk of stroke, 595 men, 679 women and 8 risk factors were among the top three of the patients with high blood pressure, obesity and blood lipids, 81. 5 percent, 61. 1 percent and 50. 2 percent respectively. The risk factors for ages 50～59 and 60～69 were more significant than those of other age groups. Conclusion The risk factors of high-risk groups were at a high level, and the distribution of risk factors was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). We should aim to make healthy education for high-risk groups in the community, actively control risk factors and reduce the incidence of stroke.