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Objective:To design a lung nodule detection algorithm based on the improved YOLOv7 model.Methods:Firstly, in the PAFPN structure, a lightweight upsampling operator CARAFE is introduced to improve the lung nodule detection accuracy. Then an enhanced small-scale detection layer is added to enhance the detection performance for small-target lung nodules, while the number of trained parameters can be reduced and the model complexity can be lowered. An enhanced small-scale detection layer is added to the YOLOv5 model algorithm while comparing it with the original YOLOv5 model algorithm, the original YOLOv7 model algorithm, and the improved YOLOv7 model algorithm in terms of the total loss of the training set of the improvement points, while ensuring that the parameter indexes remain unchanged. The original YOLOv7 model algorithm and the improved YOLOv7 model algorithm are used to process the 2 test set images and compare them with other classical lung nodule detection algorithms Mask R-CNN, YOLOv3, YOLOv5s and YOLOv7.Results:Compared with the original YOLOv5 model algorithm, the improved YOLOv5 model algorithm with the addition of an enhanced small-scale detection layer has a 1.3% increase in precision, a 3.5% increase in recall, a 3.1% increase in mean average precision (mAP), a 25.3% decrease in parameters amount, and a decrease in the complexity of the network; whereas the improved YOLOv7 model algorithm has a 1.8% increase in mAP, a 28.3% decrease in parameters amount, and the model complexity decreased by 5 G. Adding the enhanced small-scale detection layer with replacement of the special diagnostic fusion network as a lightweight up-sampling operator CARAFE algorithm can minimize the total loss of the model during the training process. The original YOLOv7 model algorithm is more accurate but still has missed detections and false positives. When reasoning about image 1, the original YOLOv7 model has a missed detection. And when reasoning about image 2, the original YOLOv7 model has a false positive. The improved YOLOv7 model is well improved in both missed detection and false positives. Compared with the classical model algorithm, the precision, recall, and mAP of the improved YOLOv7 model algorithm were 91.7%, 89.1%, and 93.5%, respectively.Conclusions:The improved YOLOv7 model has stronger feature expression ability and uses fewer parameters, which can effectively improve the detection precision of lung nodules.
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Objective@#To investigate the relationship between core members' social capital and performance among HIV/AIDS-related community-based organizations (CBO).@*Methods@#From July to December in 2015, a total of 327 core members from 212 HIV/AIDS-related CBO in 8 provinces were recruited based on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS (e.g., Yunnan, Hunan, and Sichuan are in high epidemic level; Anhui, Hubei, Shandong, and Jilin are in middle epidemic level; and Gansu is in low epidemic level) by multistage stratified cluster sampling and convenient sampling method. A questionnaire was administered in this study, including general demographic information, core members' social capital, individual performance and organizational performance. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between core members' social capital and performance among CBO.@*Results@#Among the 327 individuals, the proportion of male was 201(61.47%). The proportion of core members from grassroots CBO was 66.97% (219/327). Core members from non-grassroots organizations were more likely to publish articles, the OR (95%CI) was 2.58 (1.30-5.14); Social network had a positive impact on the AIDS experts, the OR (95%CI) was 2.41(1.47-3.95); Core members from registered CBO were more likely to secure funding for the organization, the OR (95%CI) was 3.42 (1.65-7.10); Social network and the core members from high endemic areas were significantly correlated with the number of HIV/AIDS patients, the OR (95%CI) were 2.79 (1.27-6.14) and 1.99 (1.21-3.27).@*Conclusions@#We should use the core members' social network to establish relationship and communication with organizations and institutions, ultimately accelerating the growth of HIV/AIDS prevention and care.
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Objective:To explore the calvarial critical size defect (CSD)in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:T2DM model of SD rats(weighted 300-320 g)was induced by high fat and high sugar diet and low dose intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ)injection.The rats with T2DMand the normal controls were divided into 4 groups(n=3)respectively.Defects with the diame-ter(mm)of 2,3,4 and 5 were made on the central calvaria of each rat.General observation,X-ray examination and histological study were performed 8 weeks postoperatively.Results:In the T2DM group,only the defects of 2 mm diameter were healed completely,X-ray resistance and new bone formation were observed;the defects of 3,4 and 5 mm diameter were unhealed,X-ray transmission was observed and newly formed bone was insufficient.In the control group,the defects of 2,3 and 4 mm diameter were healed completely, X-ray resistance and new bone formation were observed;the defects of 5 mm diameter were unhealed,X-ray transmission was ob-served,newly formed bone was insufficient.Conclusion:The calvarial CSD of T2DM rat model can be defined as the defect with the diameter of 3 mm.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Ai Luo Kang acupoint application in treating simple obesity. Methods Eighty simple obesity patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 40 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by Ai Luo Kang acupoint application, while the control group was taken as a blank control. Thirty days later, the two groups were compared in the change of body weight and waist circumference. Results After intervention, the body weight and waist circumference were significantly changed in the treatment group (P＜0.01). There were significant differences between the two groups in comparing the body weight and waist circumference after intervention (P＜0.05). Conclusion According to the relevant criteria of the Evaluation Procedures and Methods of the Function of Health Care Products (DB22-T397-2006), Ai Luo Kang acupoint application is effective in losing weight in simple obesity.