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No case of moyamoya syndrome with bilateral posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusion has been reported in China so far as this disease is extremely rare. The case shown in this article is a middle-aged women who has a history of atrial fibrillation, hypertension and type 2 diabetes acutely attacked by this syndrome. The main clinical manifestations included binocular blindness, right limb weakness. Imaging findings showed bilateral acute cerebral infarction in the parietal occipital lobe, bilateral anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery smoke angiogenesis, bilateral PCA occlusion with distal smoke angiogenesis. Considering the medical history of the patient, the cause of the disease was diagnosed as embolic stroke of undetermined source. The patient′s consciousness has been recovered and the limb weakness has been improved after active symptomatic treatment. However, the blindness did not see any improvements. This case report aims to improve clinicians′ understanding of bilateral PCA embolization in patients with moyamoya syndrome so the occurrence of cerebral infarction can be effectively prevented.
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Objective:To investigate associations of cerebral perfusion impairment with early neurological deterioration (END) and poor outcome in patients with acute small subcortical infarction (SSI).Methods:Patients with SSI in the perforator artery region admitted to the Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital between January 2020 and November 2022 were prospectively included. END was defined as an increase of ≥2 in the total score of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) or an increase of ≥1 in the motor function score within 72 h after admission. Poor outcome was defined as the modified Rankin Scale score of 2 at 90 d after onset. Cerebral perfusion impairment was defined according to MRI perfusion-weighted imaging parameters. The demographic, baseline clinical and imaging data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations of cerebral perfusion impairment and END and poor outcome in patients with SSI. Results:A total of 100 patients with SSI were enrolled, including 56 males (56.0%), and aged 69.2±5.8 years. Among them, 19 patients (19.0%) developed END, 27 (27.0%) had poor outcome, and 51 (51.0%) had significant cerebral perfusion impairment. There were statistically significant differences in high sensitivity C-reactive protein, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in the basal ganglia, enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) in the basal ganglia, deep cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and cerebral perfusion impairment between the END group and the non-END group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher diastolic blood pressure (odds ratio [ OR] 1.070, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.003-1.141); P=0.040], deep WMHs ( OR 2.271, 95% CI 1.135-4.544; P=0.020), deep CMBs ( OR 5.047, 95% CI 1.240-20.549; P=0.024), and cerebral perfusion impairment ( OR 6.083, 95% CI 1.318-28.080; P=0.021) were independent risk factors for END in patients with SSI. There were statistically significant differences in hypersensitive C-reactive protein, NIHSS score at END, basal ganglia EPVS, END, and cerebral perfusion impairment between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score at END ( OR 1.485, 95% CI 1.034-2.133; P=0.032), basal ganglia EPVS ( OR 3.005, 95% CI 1.224-7.378; P=0.016), and cerebral perfusion impairment ( OR 9.234, 95% CI 1.994-42.765; P=0.004) were independent risk factors for the poor outcome at 90 d in patients with SSI, while anterior circulation infarction ( OR 0.066, 95% CI 0.013-0.334; P=0.001) was independently negatively correlated with the poor outcomes at 90 d after onset. Conclusion:Cerebral perfusion impairment is an independent risk factor for END and poor outcome at 90 d after onset in patients with SSI.
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Objective:To investigate the current situation of medical students' autonomous learning in Guangzhou universities, analyze the main factors that affect medical students' self-regulated learning, and explore the strategy for improving the ability of medical students' self-regulated learning.Methods:A stratified sampling survey was conducted among 2 480 medical students from 6 universities in Guangzhou using the self-designed "Questionnaire on Medical Students' Autonomous Learning". SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis of the collected data.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of self-regulated and professional learning ( χ2=21.33, P<0.001), the self-regulated learning effectiveness and gender differences ( χ2=4.86, P=0.027), the scholastic year system and self-regulated learning necessity cognition ( χ2=4.65, P=0.031), and the family guidance and the suitability of self-learning method selection ability ( χ2=32.43, P<0.001). Conclusions:The schools, individuals and families jointly influence the self-regulated learning of medical students. The three parties should cooperate with each other to improve the self-regulated learning ability of medical students and cultivate high-quality medical talents with life-long learning ability.
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Objective:To construct the curriculum content system of Extreme Environmental medicine based on the trainees' competency.Methods:After analysis of Chinese doctors' post competency demand, and the characteristics of military students, qualitative and quantitative methods were used to construct the curriculum system. The consistency of expert opinions was represented by Kendall's W coefficient, using chi-square test. The hierarchy and weights of all items were analyzed by the analytic hierarchy process, using consistency ratio ( CR) , which was incorporated into this system after passing the test ( CR<0.1) . Results:The selective experts were all authoritative and positivity, the assessments were consistency. Finally, it formed 5 primary items, 15 secondary items, and 54 third items of educational materials and 13 knowledge modules and 1 comprehensive seminar.Conclusions:Based on the demand of Chinese doctors' post competency, a curriculum system of extreme environment medicine has been constructed, through combined application of qualitative and quantitative research methods.
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Objective:To construct a serine protease inhibitor Kazal type-5 (Spink5) conditional knockout mouse model, and to identify its phenotype.Methods:B cell-specific Spink5 conditional knockout mice of genotype Mb1 cre/+Spink5 floxp/floxp were constructed by using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) /CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology, and served as the knockout group. Mice of genotype Mb1 +/+Spink5 floxp/floxp served as the control group. The mice of genotype Mb1 cre/+Spink5 floxp/floxp or Mb1 +/+Spink5 floxp/floxp were sacrificed when they were 4 to 6 weeks old, splenic mononuclear cells were isolated, and B lymphocytes and non-B lymphocytes were sorted by flow cytometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Genotype identification was performed by PCR, and protein expression of lymphoepithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) was determined by Western blot analysis. Skin tissues were resected from the mice, and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining for measuring the epidermal thickness. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to determine fluorescence intensity of LEKTI protein in the mouse skin tissues. Paired t test or two-independent-sample t test was used for comparisons between groups. Results:Genotype identification results demonstrated that the stable B lymphocyte-specific Spink5 conditional knockout mouse model was successfully constructed. Western blot analysis revealed that the relative protein expression of LEKTI in the B lymphocytes in the knockout group was 0.01 ± 0.02, which was significantly lower than that in the non-B lymphocytes in the knockout group (0.66 ± 0.11, t = 9.99, P < 0.001) , and that in the B lymphocytes in the control group (1.08 ± 0.13, t = 13.78, P < 0.001) . Among 39 mice in the knockout group, 4 presented with dry skin and scattered scaly hypertrophic maculopapules. The epidermal thickness of the lesional skin tissues in the knockout group was 90.42 ± 21.31 μm, significantly higher than that of the non-lesional skin tissues in the knockout group (29.71 ± 3.63 μm, t = 5.05, P = 0.002) and that of normal skin tissues in the control group (12.42 ± 2.21 μm, t = 6.74, P < 0.001) . Immunofluorescence staining showed no significant difference in the fluorescence intensity of LEKTI protein among the lesional skin tissues (46.21 ± 1.21) , non-lesional skin tissues (46.62 ± 2.13) in the knockout group and normal skin tissues in the control group (47.69 ± 1.71, P > 0.05) . Conclusion:The B lymphocyte-specific Spink5 conditional knockout mouse model was successfully constructed, which provides a basis for further exploring mechanisms underlying skin barrier defects and immune dysfunction in Netherton syndrome.
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@#Objective To investigate the etiology,clinical manifestations and neuroimaging features of the lesions of the middle cerebellar foot caused by different diseases.Methods The general clinical data of 9 patients with bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle lesions admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and the clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of different diseases were analyzed.Results Abnormal lesions were seen in 9 patients with middle cerebellar feet,including case 1:Speech slurred,left limb weakness for 3 months,dizziness,walking instability for 10 days previous pontine infarction,diagnosed as Walle’s degeneration.Case 2:Dizziness and unstable walking for 1 year after pontine hemorrhage,diagnosed as pontine hemorrhage and Waller’s degeneration of the bridge arm.Case 3:Presented with dizziness and walking instability for 2 years and was diagnosed with mu-ltiple system atrophy.Case 4:Memory loss for 2 months,aggravation for 10 days,previous rheumatoid arthritis,diagnosed as lupus encephalopathy.Case 5:Seizures of limbs,loss of consciousness for 3 days,chronic renal insufficiency in the past,diagnosed as renal encephalopathy.Case 6:Left lower limb weakness for 4 months,dizziness,seppch impairment for 2 days,diagnosed as neuromyelitis optic specturum disease.Case 7:Dizziness,walking instability for 15 days,HIV positive,diagnosed as HIV encephalopathy.Case 8:Clumsy handholding for 4 years,involuntary shaking for 2 days,diagnosis of Wilsonl’s disease.Case 9:Dizziness,unstable walking for 3 months,previous history of Hodgkin’s lymphoma,diagnosed as Hodgkin’s lymphoma with central nervous system damage.Conclusion The etiology of the lesions of middle cerebellar foot is complex,attentions are needed in order to reduce clinical misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and collateral circulation in patients with stroke caused by anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (aLVO).Methods:Patients with stroke caused by aLVO treated with endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in the Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital from December 2017 to April 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. Their demography, vascular risk factors, baseline clinical data and Fazekas scale score were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between WMHs and the collateral circulation status in patients with aLVO. Results:During the study, 166 patients with aLVO were included (77 males, 46.39%; aged 69.62±5.91 years). Their baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 9.33±4.42. There were 120 patients (72.29%) in the good collateral circulation group and 46 (27.71%) in the poor collateral circulation group. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in baseline NIHSS score, total Fazekas score and periventricular Fazekas score between the good collateral circulation group and the poor collateral circulation group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that total Fazekas score (odds ratio 2.583, 95% confidence interval 1.445-4.619; P=0.001) and periventricular Fazekas score (odds ratio 2.190, 95% confidence interval 1.022-4.692; P=0.044) were the independent risk factors for the poor collateral circulation. Conclusion:The severity of WMHs is associated with the poor collateral circulation in patients with aLVO.
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Objective To study the change and characterization of metabolic profile of intestinal contents of the neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) using metabolomics approach,in order to figure out potential biomarkers of NEC.Method Twenty rats with three-postnatal day-old fed with special formula were assigned to control group (n =8) and NEC group (n =12) randomly.Experimental NEC of rats in NEC group were induced by exposing to cold stimulation at 4 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes and to hypoxia at 95％ nitrogen for 10 minutes,three times a day for three consecutive days.All the rats were sacrificed after model preparation.Segments of the ileum of all the rats were collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining and subsequent pathological damage evaluation.The intestinal contents of the ileum and colon were collected by perfusion,followed by lyophilization and analyzed by UHPLC-QE-MS in order to conduct the non-target metabolomic determination.The information of the metabolites determined was calculated by multivariable analysis using SIMCA software.Result The pathological damage scores of NEC group were higher than those of the control group [(3.13 ± 0.83) vs.(0.25 ± 0.46),P ＜ 0.001].The results of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model showed that in the ESI + mode,R2(x) =0.604,R2(y) =0.583,Q2 =0.960,while in the ESI-mode,the OPLS-DA model R2(x) =0.828,R2(y) =0.999,and Q2 =0.713,indicating that there is a significant difference in the intestinal content metabolic profile between the control group and the NEC group.Forty-eight differential metabolites related to NEC were identified.In ESI-mode,there were 22 differential metabolites,including L-isoisoleucine (+ 221％) and D-phenylalanine (+ 230％),L-histidine (+ 284％),xanthine (+ 207％),glutamyl leucine (+ 246％),allose (-70％),myristic acid (-57％) and pentadecanoic acid (-35％).What is more,in the ESI + mode,26 other differential metabolites were identified,including ornithine (+ 268％),D-leucine (+ 176％),L-iso Leucine (+ 213％),acetylcholine (+ 195％),nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (+ 199％),citrulline (+ 158％),cytosine (-58％),xanthoic acid (-64％).These metabolites were reflected to 33 different metabolic pathways in KEGG databases.The pathway enrichment analysis and pathway topology analysis with MetaboAnalyst indicated that the arginine and proline metabolic pathways,histidine metabolic pathways,and glutathione metabolic pathways were the top altered pathways in the condition of NEC.Conclusion The metabolic profile of intestinal contents in NEC rats was significantly different from that in normal rats,which was characterized by amino acid accumulation,mainly involving the metabolic pathways of arginine,proline,histidine and glutathione.The detection of intestinal contents metabolic profile,especially amino acid metabolize group may be of great significance for the diagnosis of NEC,and improving intestinal microenvironment may be the key strategy for the prevention and treatment of NEC.
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Objective:To analyze the self-efficacy of medical students in independent learning and its influencing factors, and to explore the ways to improve their self-learning ability.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students in 6 medical institutions of higher learning in Guangdong Province. A total of 2 480 questionnaires were issued, and 2 282 were recovered. SPSS 19.0 was used to conduct statistical analysis including Kruskal-Wall test and multiple comparisons.Results:There were 47.72% of the medical students who had a strong autonomous learning drive, and more than half of the medical students had strong autonomous learning ability with strong self-efficacy of independent learning. The influence of family location, family guidance degree and different grades on self-efficacy of medical students was different, and there was no significant difference between 5-year and 8-year clinical medical students in self-efficacy of independent learning.Conclusion:Family factors have a great influence on self-efficacy, and senior medical students have the strong ability of self-learning compared with junior medical students. Therefore, we should give full play to the positive impacts of family and school factors to further improve the independent learning ability and efficiency of medical students.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of rare synonymous variants of the ATP7B gene on the splicing of its precursor mRNA.@*METHODS@#A total of 248 rare synonymous variants with allelic frequency of T (p.L540L) and c.3888C>T (p.A1296A) variants could lead to abnormal splicing of the corresponding exons, resulting in complete skipping of exon 4 and 25% increase in the skipping of exon 18, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Synonymous variants may affect the splicing of precursor mRNA in various ways, particularly the destruction of ESE motif. This study confirmed that the c.1620C>T (p.L540L) and c.3888C>T (p.A1296A) variants can affect the mRNA splicing of the ATP7B gene, resulting in skipping of corresponding exons, which may provide a basis for genetic diagnosis and consultation of carriers.
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Humans , Alternative Splicing , Copper-Transporting ATPases/genetics , Enhancer Elements, Genetic , Exons , Gene Frequency , RNA, Messenger/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To study the in vitro anti-bacterial activity and potential mechanism of ellagic acid on Streptococcus mutans，and to provide evidence for its prevention and treatment of dental caries. METHODS ：Using Compound chlorhexidine gargle as positive control ，5％DMSO as negative control ，bacteriostasis experiment was conducted by the method of drilling hole ， and bacteriostatic effects of 50，25，12.5，6.25，3.125，1.562 5 mg/mL ellagic acid on S. mutans was preliminarily determined by measuring the diameter of bacteriostatic ring. The minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC）and minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC）of ellagic acid on S. mutans were determined by microdilution method. Using 5％ DMSO as negative control ，the effects of 1/8 MIC，1/4 MIC，1/2 MIC and MIC ellagic acid on the formation of S. mutans biomembrane was determined by crystal violet staining. The changes of the biomembrane structure under the action of 1/2 MIC ellagic acid were observed by microscopy after fluorescence staining. Phenol sulfuric acid method and reducing coenzyme Ⅰoxidation method were used to determine inhibitory effects of 1/8MIC，1/4MIC，1/2MIC，MIC ellagic acid on S. mutans on extracellular polysaccharide （EPS）as well as effect on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）in extracellular matrix. RESULTS ：Ellagic acid with concentration of 12.5～50 mg/mL produced an inhibitory ring on S. mutans with diameter greater than 15 mm. Under the action of 50 mg/mL ellagic acid ，the diameter of bacteriostatic ring was the same as that of Compound chlorhexidine gargle . MIC and MBC of ellagic acid to S. mutans were 12.5 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL. The survival rate of bacterial biomembrane after 1/8MIC-MIC ellagic acid treatment was significantly lower than that of the negative control （P＜0.01），and had a certain dose-response trend. After MIC ellagic acid treatment，the survival rate of bacterial biomembrane was （16.41±1.346）％. After fluorescence staining ，the structure of bacterial biomembrane was destroyed by 1/2 MIC ellagic acid. After treated with 1/8MIC-MIC ellagic acid ，its inhibitory rates on water-soluble EPS and water-insoluble EPS were increased significantly ，compared with negative control （P＜0.01）. After treated with 1/4MIC-MIC ellagic acid ，the activity of LDH in the extracellular matrix of bacteria increased significantly ，compared with negative control （P＜0.01），in dose-effect dependent trend. CONCLUSIONS ：Ellagic acid can inhibit the growth of S. mutans ，the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting EPS production ，reducing bacterial adhesion ，destroying bacterial cell membrane.
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Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis ( PFIC) is a group of heterogenous autosomal recessive genetic diseases. PFIC resulted by genetic mutation which leading to bile metabolic disorder. The main manifestations are intrahepatic cholestasis, jaundice and pruritus. There are six subtype including PFIC1、PFIC2、 PFIC3 、PFIC4、 PFIC5 and PFIC6. PFIC4、 PFIC5 and PFIC6 are new subtypes. PFIC1、 PFIC2、PFIC3、PFIC4、 PFIC5 and PFIC6 caused by ATP8B1、 ABCB11、 ABCB4、 TJP2、 NR1H4 and MYO5B re-spectively. The diagnosis is mainly based on clinical manifestations, biochemical tests, liver histology and gene testing, etc. The treatment is divided into medical treatment of ursodeoxycholic acid, 4-phenylbutyrate acid, and surgical treatment of partial biliary diversion, liver transplantation, etc. This review summarizes the diagnosis and treatment of PFIC.
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Objective To investigate the serological and molecular identification of 2 rare B( A) blood groups. Methods The ABO blood groups of 2 samples from blood donors were detected by routine serological method. The genotype features was identified by PCR-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) and direct sequence analysis. Results The serological results for the 2 blood donors showed the characteristics of B(A) phenotype. The sample 1 was genotyped as BO2 subtype by PCR-SSP and direct sequencing showed B alleles in exon 7, presented nt640 A＞G mutation which was confirmed to be B(A)04/O02 genotype.The sample 2 was genotyped as BO1 sub-type by PCR-SSP and direct sequencing showed B alleles presented nt700 C＞G mutation in exon 7 which was confirmed to be B(A)02/O01 genotype. Conclusion The phenotype of the two samples should be B ( A ) and the genotypes should be rare B(A)04/O02 and B(A)02/O01.
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Objective To detect the conformational state of P53 protein in peripheral blood lymphocytes from Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects,and explore a novel blood biomarker of AD.Methods Eighteen AD patients,admitted to our hospital from June 2011 to June 2016,were used as experimental group;14 patients with vascular dementia (VaD) and 12 patients with other central nervous system degenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism-plus syndrome (PD/PPS) who showed dementia,and 18 healthy subjects were selected as three control groups.Peripheral blood of 2 mL was extracted from all subjects,and lymphocytes were extracted;the conformational state of P53 protein in lymphocytes was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining with conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies:PAb1620 (specific for wild-type conformation) and PAb240 (specific for mutant-type conformation).After PAb1620 (+) cells and PAb240 (+) cells were selected,flow cells technology was used to evaluate cell cycle distribution.Results (1) P53 proteins of wild-type conformation and mutant-type conformation were noted in four groups,with significant differences (F=452.713,P=0.000;F=1240.846,P=0.000):expressions of P53 proteins of wild-type conformation and mutant-type conformation in experimental group were significantly stronger than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05).(2) Ratio of 1620/240 cells showed significant differences in the four groups (F=112.534,P=0.000):that in the experimental group was significantly stronger than that in the other three groups (P＜0.05).(3) G1％ was statistically lower and S％ was significantly higher in PAb240(+) cells as compared with those in the PAb1620 (+) cells (P＜0.05).Conclusions Lymphocytes from AD subjects can express anomalous and detectable mutant-like P53 protein which makes these cells being distinct from cells of controls.A closely putative link is shown between mutant-like P53 protein and dysfunction of G1/S checkpoint in lymphocytes from AD.This mutant-like p53 protein in peripheral blood lymphocytes might be unique to AD,which is expected to be a novel blood biomarker for AD,as well as to provide a new target for AD therapy.
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Objective To determine the inhibitory effects of Ellipticine (ELL) on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells of mouse and explore its molecular mechanism.Methods The RAW264.7 cells in log phase were challenged by LPS (10 mg/L) to induce inflammation and then treated with ELL (0.05, 0.5, 5μmol/L). At the same time the cells treated with ELL (5μmol/L) were considered as ELL control group while without any stimulation as control group. After 12 hours intervention, the content of inflammatory factors in cell supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and then confirmed the most suitable concentration for the next experiment. After LPS of 10 mg/L was used to challenged RAW264.7 cells to cause inflammation, 5μmol/L ELL was used for intervention, and the mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours; the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) as well as the phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), c-jun, c-fos were detected by Western Blot after 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours.Results ① The different proliferative potential of RAW264.7 treated with LPS (10 mg/L) and ELL (0.05, 0.5, 5μmol/L) had no significant difference comparing with control group, which indicated that ELL had no cytotoxicity with experimental concentration and had no effect on the cell proliferative potential as the result of drug interaction. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in supernatant were significantly increased after induced by LPS comparing with control group. However, the different concentrations of ELL could dose-dependently reverse the production of inflammatory factors, and 5μmol/L was the optimum concentration of anti-inflammatory. ② Compared with control group, the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 were significantly increased, the nuclear translocation level of NF-κB p65 increased as well as the phosphorylation levels of ERK, p38MAPK, JNK, c-fos, c-jun after stimulated by LPS. While, the different concentration of ELL could reverse the mRNA of TNF-α, IL-6 and phosphorylation levels of JNK, c-fos, c-jun [TNF-αmRNA (2-ΔCt): 2.45± 0.19 vs. 3.41±0.32 after 2 hours, 1.20±0.11 vs. 2.11±0.21 after 4 hours, 1.68±0.09 vs. 2.51±0.31 after 6 hours;IL-6 mRNA (2-ΔCt): 3.41±0.52 vs. 4.10±0.38 after 6 hours, 1.61±0.08 vs. 3.91±0.25 after 12 hours; p-JNK/GAPDH:0.557±0.034 vs. 1.049±0.056 after 1 hour, 0.439±0.040 vs. 0.855±0.038 after 2 hours; p-c-fos/GAPDH: 0.158± 0.030 vs. 0.741±0.035 after 1 hour, 0.156±0.015 vs. 0.932±0.030 after 2 hours; p-c-jun/GAPDH: 0.425±0.036 vs. 0.802±0.059 after 1 hour, 0.345±0.075 vs. 0.952±0.068 after 2 hours; allP < 0.05]. However, it had no significant effect on the nuclear translocation level of NF-κB p65 and the phosphorylation level of ERK and p38MAPK. Conclusion ELL inhibited the production of IL-6, TNF-α inflammatory factors in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells through suppression the phosphorylation of JNK and activator protein-1 (AP-1).
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Over the past two decades, multiple drug-resistant infections have escalated globally with the significantly increased morbidity and mortality due to the unreasonable uses of antimicrobial agents in areas such as animal husbandry, industry and medicine. As the situation of drug resistance has been progressively serious, anti-drug-resistant clinical strategies have attracted widely social concerns. This review will report the current status of antibiotic resistance and the mechanism of antibiotic-resistance all over the world. The anti-drug resistance strategies are the emphasis of our report, including the new indication of old antibiotics, the combination of existing antibiotics, the development of new antibiotics, nano-antibiotics, and non-infection treatment with immunomodulators and phage. This review aims to further understand the current situation of drug resistance, which optimizes the strategies of drug-resistant bacteria and clinical services.
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Objective To study the the application and influence to quality of life of Kangfuxin liquid combined with psychological intervention in the patients with recurrent oral ulcer. Methods In Wenzhou people's hospital from February 2016 to February 2017, 62 patients suffering from recurrent oral ulcer were divided into two groups. The control group were given Kangfu liquid, at this basis, the observation group were received Kangfuxin liquid combined with psychological nursing intervention. The effect and quality of life in the two groups were compared. Results The cure rate was 93.5％(29/31) in the observation group, while 90.3％(28/31) in the control group. The difference of the cure rate in the two groups was no statistically significant. The scores of physical condition in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Kangfuxin Liquid combined with psychological nursing intervention can effectively improve the quality of life in the patients with recurrent oral ulcer, which is suitable for clinical application.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of bavachin and bakuchiol in Psoralea corylifolia.METHODS:HPLC method was adopted.The determination was performed on Shim-Pack VP-ODS column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 246 nm,the column temperature was 30 ℃,and the sample size was 10 μL.RESULTS:The linear ranges of bavachin and bakuchiol were 48.9-489 ng(r=0.999 8),784-7 840 ng(r=0.999 9).RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.0％.Average recoveries ranged 95.30％-99.63％ (RSD=1.45％,n=9),96.89％-100.82％ (RSD=1.36％,n=9).CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the simultaneous determination of bavachin and bakuchiol in P corylifolia.
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It is obvious that the quantities and quality of the achievements in medical research in the past 11 years have a clear upward trend considering the findings about self-regulated learning of medical students in major domestic educational journals published from 2005 to 2015.The contents mainly focus on the teaching modes and systems of self-regulated learning,the introduction and import of foreign research results and the cultivation of medical students' self-regulated learning ability.The research category is mainly on the study of overall medical students.While the basic and clinical specialties are also involved.The theoretical research is a little more than empirical research.At present,the lack of depth in theoretical research and less comprehensive empirical research is waiting to resolve.Also the related research has problems such as the lack of depth and breadth,the lack of landmark achievements and the homogeneity of results,as well as the lack of innovation and authority.
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Objective To research the location in cerebral circulations of recurrent stroke.Methods We included patients with acute cerebral infarction from the Department of Neurology of People's Hospital of Peking University within three years.We followed up the patients by telephone and electronic medical record to determine whether they belong to recurrent group or not.We recorded the clinical and image variables of recurrent group.We classified the recurrent group by whether the loci of recurrent stroke is in the same circulation.We determined the independent risk factors of the same circulation loci by Cox regression.Results There are 106 cases of recurrent stroke.Within 5 years,46.2％ of the cases had recurrent loci in the same circulation as first stroke loci.53.8％ of the cases had recurrent loci in the different circulation from first stroke loci.According to logistic regression,whether the recurrent loci was in the same circulation was not related to age,sex,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,smoking,but related to the survival time.The shorter the survival time was the more ratio of same circulation loci happened.The longer the survival time was the more ratio of different circulation loci happened.37％ of cases with recurrent strokes happened in the first year occupied the most cases in the 5 years.Conclusions With the long time study of the location of recurrent stroke,we get the conclusion that the longer the survival time is the more ratio of different circulation stroke happen.So we emphasize the importance of medicine for the stroke in long time.At the same time we conclude the rationality of endovascular treatments within 1 year from first stroke because recurrent loci is more often in the same circulation in 1 year.