ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA） on the symptoms after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 （SARS-CoV-2） infection in patients with primary biliary cholangitis （PBC） and their family member. MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted to collect related information from 171 PBC patients who attended The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University before March 22， 2023 and 128 family members， including demographic information， comorbidities， UDCA administration， SARS-CoV-2 infection， vaccination， symptoms， therapeutic medication， and the changes in liver disease-related symptoms. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. ResultsThe median age was 51 years in the PBC patients and 49 years in the family members， with no significant difference between the two groups （P>0.05）. Compared with the family member group， the PBC group had significantly lower body mass index （22.2±2.4 kg/m2 vs 23.3±2.9 kg/m2， P<0.001） and proportion of male individuals （10% vs 55%， P<0.001）. All PBC patients received UDCA at a dose of 13 — 15 mg/kg， and SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was 100% in both groups. The family members had a significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 vaccination rate than the PBC patients （91% vs 57%， P<0.001）. Compared with the family members， the PBC patients had significantly milder symptoms of sneezing， nasal obstruction， chest pain， and abnormal taste （P<0.05）. Compared with the family members， the PBC patients had significantly lower rates of use of compound cold medicine （11% vs 20%， P<0.05） and Lianhua Qingwen capsules （12% vs 21%， P<0.05）. For the PBC patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection， the liver disease-related symptoms such as fatigue， abdominal distension， dry mouth and dry eyes， pruritus， and yellow skin were aggravated by 37%， 2%， 27%， 10%， and 3%， respectively. ConclusionCompared with the immediate family members of PBC patients who do not take UDCA， the PBC patients receiving UDCA do not show a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection rate， but UDCA may have a certain effect on alleviating infection-related symptoms in such patients. PBC patients may still experience the aggravation of liver disease-related symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection， and the long-term effect on PBC patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection should be taken seriously in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the impacts of wogonin(WG)on Th17/Treg cell balance in autoimmune hep-atitis(AIH)rats.Methods A total of 10 rats were randomly selected as the control group.The remaining rats were injected with concanavalin A(ConA,12.5 mg/kg)solution via tail vein to construct AIH model rat,which were ran-domly divided into AIH group,L-WG group(10 mg/kg),M-WG group(20 mg/kg),H-WG group(30 mg/kg),H-WG+VPA group(30 mg/kg WG+300 mg/kg Notch signal pathway activator VPA),10 rats in each group and administered once a day for 10 days.Serum inflammatory factors and liver function indexes were detected by ELISA;HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of liver tissue;the level of spleen Th17/Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry;Western blot was used to detect the expression of spleen retinoid acid related orphan receptor γ t(RORγt),fork head box protein P3(Foxp3)and liver Notch signal pathway proteins.Results The liver tissue structure of control group was normal and the staining was clear;In AIH group,the cells of liver tis-sue showed edema,the increase of cell volume led to the compression and narrowing of liver sinuses,and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and a small amount of necrosis occurred.The contents of alanine aminotrans-ferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),interleukin(IL)-17 and IL-23,level of Th17 cells,Th17/Treg,the expression of RORγt,Notch,hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 gene(HES1)and hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1(HEY1)protein in AIH group were greatly higher than those in control group(P＜0.05),the contents of IL-10 and TNF-β,level of Treg cells,and level of Foxp3 protein were greatly lower(P＜0.05);Compared with AIH group,the liver injury in L-WG group,M-WG group and H-WG group was im-proved,the contents of ALT,AST,IL-17 and IL-23,level of Th17 cells,Th17/Treg,the expression of RORγt,Notch,HES1 and HEY1 protein were greatly lower(P＜0.05),the contents of IL-10 and TNF-β,level of Treg cells,and level of Foxp3 protein were greatly higher(P＜0.05);VPA reversed the improvement effect of H-WG on AIH rats.Conclusions WG could promote Th17/Treg cell balance in AIH rats by down-regulating Notch signal pathway.
ABSTRACT
Objective:In order to explore the impact of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)on the hospitalization of children with bronchiolitis and to improve clinicians′ understanding of the characteristics of bronchiolitis during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:This was a multicenter clinical study, and the data have been collected from 23 children′s medical centers in China.All the clinical data were retrospectively collected from children with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized at each study center from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.The results included gender, age at hospitalization, length of stay, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) test results, severity rating, ICU treatment, and the total number of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection during the same period.The clinical data of children with bronchiolitis in 2019 before COVID-19 epidemic and in 2020、2021 during COVID-19 epidemic were statistically analyzed and compared.Results:According to a summary of data provided by 23 children′s medical centers, there were 4 909 cases of bronchiolitis in 2019, 2 654 cases in 2020, and 3 500 cases in 2021.Compared with 2019, the number of bronchiolitis cases decreased by 45.94% in 2020 and 28.70% in 2021.In 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no significant differences in gender ratio, age, and duration of hospitalization.Compared with 2019, the ratio of bronchiolitis to the total number of hospitalizations for respiratory tract infection decreased significantly in 2020 and 2021( χ2=12.762, P<0.05; χ2=84.845, P<0.05).The proportion of moderate to severe bronchiolitis cases in both 2020 and 2021 was lower than that in 2019, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.054, P<0.05; χ2=8.109, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases requiring ICU treatment between 2019, 2020, and 2021 ( χ2=1.914, P>0.05).In 2019, a total of 52.60%(2 582/4 909) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and among them, there were 708 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.00%.In 2020, 54.14%(1 437/2 654) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 403 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.04%.In 2021, 66.80%(2 238/3 500) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 935 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 41.78%.Compared with 2019 and 2020, the RSV positive rate in 2021 showed a significant increase( χ2=99.673, P<0.05; χ2=71.292, P<0.05). Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic, the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures reduced the hospitalization rate and severity of bronchiolitis, but did not reduce the positive rate of RSV detection.
ABSTRACT
Hypoxemia is a common complication of pneumonia, asthma, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children.Rapid identification of hypoxemia is of great significance for the disposal and management of critical children.Pulse oximetry is recognized by the World Health Organization as the best way to monitor hypoxemia in children, and it can monitor pulse oxygen saturation noninvasively and continuously.Based on the related literature at home and abroad, combined with the clinical needs of pediatrics, the " Expert consensus on clinical application of pulse oximetry in children" is formulated to improve the understanding of pediatricians and nurses on the application in pediatric clinical practice, principle, operation techniques, and limitations of pulse oximetry.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and analyze the factor influencing the KAP.Methods:A self-developed questionnaire was used for an online research on the KAP of 11 849 pediatric healthcare providers from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China from March 11 to 14, 2022.The factors influencing the KAP of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers were examined by Logistic regression. Results:The scores of KAP, of pulse oximetry were 5.57±0.96, 11.24±1.25 and 11.19±4.54, respectively.The corresponding scoring rates were 69.61%, 74.95%, and 55.99%, respectively. Logistic regression results showed that the gender and working years of pediatric healthcare providers, the region they were located, and whether their medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters were the main factors affecting the knowledge score (all P<0.05). Main factors influencing the attitude score of pediatric healthcare providers included their knowledge score, gender, educational background, working years, region, medical institution level, and whether the medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). For the practice score, the main influencing factors were the knowledge score, gender, age, and whether the medi-cal institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Chinese pediatric healthcare providers need to further improve their knowledge about and attitudes towards pulse oximetry.Pulse oximeters are evidently under-used.It is urgent to formulate policies or guidelines, strengthen education and training, improve knowledge and attitudes, equip more institutions with pulse oximeters, and popularize their application in medical institutions.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the role of Sestrin2 overexpression in regulating mitochondrial fission and its mechanism in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell model of glucose and oxygen deprivation/recovery (OGD/R). Methods:(1) SH-SY5Y cells were divided into normal control group, OGD/R group, Vector group, and Sestrin2 overexpression group; Sestrin2 overexpression or empty vector stable cell lines in the Sestrin2 overexpression group and Vector group were constructed by lentivirus infection; cells in the later 3 groups were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 4 h followed by restoration of O 2 supply for 18 h. The cell survival rate was detected by cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay. The protein levels of Sestrin2, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 (Keap1) in the cytoplasm and nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2) in the nucleus were detected by Western blotting. The mitochondria ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscope. The Nrf2 nuclear translocation was detected by immunofluorescence staining. (2) Cell lines with Sestrin2 overexpression were divided into Sestrin2 overexpression group, Brusatol+ Sestrin2 overexpression group, and DMSO+ Sestrin2 overexpression group. Cells in the Brusatol+ Sestrin2 overexpression group were pretreated with normal medium containing Brusatol (Keap1/Nrf2 pathway inhibitor, final concentration: 100 nmol/L) for 4 h before OGD/R; cells in the DMSO+ Sestrin2 group were pretreated with normal medium containing DMSO (final volume fraction: 0.1%) for 4 h before OGD/R. Cells in these groups were then subjected to OGD for 4 h followed by restoration of O 2 supply for 18 h. The protein levels of Drp1, Fis1, Keap1 in the cytoplasm, and Nrf2 in the nucleus were measured by Western blotting. Results:(1) As compared with those in the OGD/R group, cells in the Sestrin2 overexpression group had significantly increased survival rate (61.33%±1.15% vs. 81.00%±3.00%), significantly up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio (0.467±0.006 vs. 0.880±0.010), significantly decreased Drp1, Fis1 and cytoplasmic Keap1 protein levels (1.089±0.033 vs. 0.865±0.014; 0.829±0.009 vs. 0.350±0.007; 0.967±0.017 vs. 0.881±0.024), and significantly up-regulated nuclear Nrf2 protein level (0.627±0.025 vs. 0.957±0.015, P<0.05). The mitochondrial structure in the Sestrin2 overexpression group under electron microscope was more complete than that in the OGD/R group, and obvious nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was noted. (2) As compared with the Sestrin2 overexpression group, Brusatol+ Sestrin2 overexpression group had significantly decreased nuclear Nrf2 protein level (0.920±0.013 vs. 0.627±0.035), and statistically increased Drp1 and Fis1 protein levels (0.994±0.020 vs. 1.084±0.005; 0.728±0.010 vs. 0.906±0.022, P<0.05). Conclusion:Sestrin2 overexpression could suppress mitochondrial fission, reduce cell apoptosis, and attenuate OGD/R injury of SH-SY5Y cells by activating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway via down-regulating cytoplasmic Keap1 protein level and promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective role of Sestrin2 overexpression in hypoxia and re-oxygenation injury (H/R) injury of hippocampal neurons and its mechanism in rats.Methods Neurons were enzymatically isolated from hippocampi of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats (less than 24 h old) and culturedinvitro. These neurons were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=20) using a random number table: control group, H/R group, vector group and Sestrin2 overexpression group. The hippocampal neurons were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 2×104 cells/mL; neurons in the latter two groups were transfected with lentiviruses containing empty vector andSestrin2overexpressed genes, respectively; the hippocampal neurons in the later three groups were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 6 h followed by restoration of O2 supply for 20 h. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was detected by Reactive Species Assay Kit, and the ATP concentration was detected by ATP Assay Kit. Cell apoptosis rates were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of Sestrin2, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), Fis1, and apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome C (Cyt C) were measured by Western blotting. The ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was calculated. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results As compared with control group, H/R group had significantly lower ATP concentration, Bcl-2 protein expression and ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax ([11.15±0.42] nmol/mg proteinvs. [5.30±0.39] nmol/mg protein; 2.20±0.26vs. 0.91±0.02; 6.46± 0.41vs. 1.04±0.05), statistically higher average fluorescence intensity of ROS and cell apoptosis rate (152.41±17.38vs. 1530.00±14.69; 3.77％±0.74％vs. 56.57％±1.35％), and significantly higher protein levels of Sestrin2, Drp1, Fis1, Bax and Cyt C (0.66±0.06vs. 1.11±0.20; 0.48±0.03vs. 1.16±0.07; 1.14± 0.09vs. 2.47±0.09; 0.34±0.03vs. 0.88±0.04; 0.17±0.03vs. 0.30±0.03,P<0.05); what's more, the structure of mitochondria was obviously destroyed in I/R group. As compared with H/R group, Sestrin2 overexpression group had significantly increased ATP concentration, Sestrin2 and Bcl-2 protein expressions and ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax ([8.95±0.27] nmol/mg protein; 2.67±0.07; 1.80±0.19; 3.95±0.28), significantly lower average fluorescence intensity of ROS and cell apoptosis rate (337.27±15.32; 10.33％±2.60％), and statistically lower protein levels of Drp1, Fis1, Bax and Cyt C (0.43±0.02; 1.11±0.08; 0.45± 0.02; 0.17±0.02,P<0.05); the structure of mitochondria was relatively completed in Sestrin2 overexpression group.Conclusion Sestrin2 overexpression can inhibit mitochondrial fission, reduce accumulation of reactive oxygen species, improve mitochondrial energy metabolism and block mitochondria mediated apoptosis pathway, thereby alleviating I/R injury of rat hippocampal neurons.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical effects of Kangai-Guben-Xiaozheng decoction based on pathogenesis theory of cancerous toxin combined with TP scheme in the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma in elderly patients. Methods A total of 218 elderly patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma in our hospital were randomly divided into the observation and control group, 109 in each group. The control group was treated by TP scheme, while the observation group was treated by Kangai-Guben-Xiaozheng decoction based on pathogenesis theory of cancerous toxin combined with TP scheme. Both groups received 1 chemotherapy cycle at 3 weeks, and a total of 4 cycles of chemotherapy were followed up for 2 years. Quality of life was assessed by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- ovarian Cancer v4.0 (FACT-OV4). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect tumor markers, including Integrin-Linked Kinase (ILK), Hypoxic Inducible Factor-α (HIF-α), Human Epididymal Protein (HE4) and Epithelial-type calcium mucin (E-cadherin). The toxic and side effects of two groups were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. The survival rate, total survival time and disease-free survival time were observed and recorded during follow-up. Results The control rate and effective rate of the observation group were 90.8% (99/109) and 41.3% (45/109), respectively, and those of the control group were 64.2% (70/109) and 28.4% (31/109), respectively. The comparison of control rate and effective rate between the two groups were statistically significant (Z value were 4.002, 3.401, respectively, all Ps<0.05). After treatment, the ILK (12.31 ± 1.15 ng/L vs. 23.57 ± 2.32 ng/L, t=3.245), HIF-α (2.41 ± 0.22 mg/L vs. 6.67 ± 0.67 mg/L, t=3.596), HE4 (0.34 ± 0.03 pg/L vs. 1.24 ± 0.12 pg/L, t=3.621) levels in the observation group are significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while the E-cadherin (5.25 ± 0.56 ng/L vs. 2.52 ± 0.26 ng/L, t=3.434) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of functional status and social/family status in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t values were 3.282, 3.214, all Ps<0.05), and the scores of additional attention, emotional status and physiological status were significantly lower than those in the control group (t values were 3.121, 3.512, 3.526, all Ps<0.05). During the treatment period, the incidence of cardiac toxicity, liver toxicity, renal toxicity, bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (χ2 value were 4.947, 4.893, 4.525, 4.692, 4.637, 4.905, respectively, all Ps<0.05). During the follow-up, the 1, 2 year survival rate in the observation group was higher than those in the control group (χ2 value were 3.782, 3.893, respectively, all Ps<0.05). Conclusions The Kangai-Guben-Xiaozheng decoction based on the theory of cancer pathogenesis, combined with TP regimen show effectiveness for the Ⅳ stage of ovarian cancer of the elderly patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the clinical effects of Kangai-Guben-Xiaozheng decoction based on pathogenesis theory of cancerous toxin combined with TP scheme in the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma in elderly patients.@*Methods@#A total of 218 elderly patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma in our hospital were randomly divided into the observation and control group, 109 in each group. The control group was treated by TP scheme, while the observation group was treated by Kangai-Guben-Xiaozheng decoction based on pathogenesis theory of cancerous toxin combined with TP scheme. Both groups received 1 chemotherapy cycle at 3 weeks, and a total of 4 cycles of chemotherapy were followed up for 2 years. Quality of life was assessed by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- ovarian Cancer v4.0 (FACT-OV4). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect tumor markers, including Integrin-Linked Kinase (ILK), Hypoxic Inducible Factor-α (HIF-α), Human Epididymal Protein (HE4) and Epithelial-type calcium mucin (E-cadherin). The toxic and side effects of two groups were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. The survival rate, total survival time and disease-free survival time were observed and recorded during follow-up.@*Results@#The control rate and effective rate of the observation group were 90.8% (99/109) and 41.3% (45/109), respectively, and those of the control group were 64.2% (70/109) and 28.4% (31/109), respectively. The comparison of control rate and effective rate between the two groups were statistically significant (Z value were 4.002, 3.401, respectively, all Ps<0.05). After treatment, the ILK (12.31 ± 1.15 ng/L vs. 23.57 ± 2.32 ng/L, t=3.245), HIF-α (2.41 ± 0.22 mg/L vs. 6.67 ± 0.67 mg/L, t=3.596), HE4 (0.34 ± 0.03 pg/L vs. 1.24 ± 0.12 pg/L, t=3.621) levels in the observation group are significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while the E-cadherin (5.25 ± 0.56 ng/L vs. 2.52 ± 0.26 ng/L, t=3.434) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of functional status and social/family status in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t values were 3.282, 3.214, all Ps<0.05), and the scores of additional attention, emotional status and physiological status were significantly lower than those in the control group (t values were 3.121, 3.512, 3.526, all Ps<0.05). During the treatment period, the incidence of cardiac toxicity, liver toxicity, renal toxicity, bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (χ2 value were 4.947, 4.893, 4.525, 4.692, 4.637, 4.905, respectively, all Ps<0.05). During the follow-up, the 1, 2 year survival rate in the observation group was higher than those in the control group (χ2 value were 3.782, 3.893, respectively, all Ps<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The Kangai-Guben-Xiaozheng decoction based on the theory of cancer pathogenesis, combined with TP regimen show effectiveness for the Ⅳ stage of ovarian cancer of the elderly patients.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:Objective To establish a rapid molecular method for the detection of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2)and investigate the gene polymorphisms of ALDH2?2 and determine whether the polymorphic ALDH2 gene is associated with drinking behavior in a Chinese population.Methods The gene polymorphisms of ALDH2?2 were detected using pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray technologies;genotyping of 302 volunteers was performed to assess their genetic associations with alcohol use behavior.Results We developed pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray methods to identify ALDH2? 2 polymorphisms.The allele frequency of ALDH2?2 was 20.36% in the Chinese population:16.33% in the alcoholic group and 27.83% in non-drinkers (P=0.001).In contrast,the genotype frequency of heterozygous ALDH2?1/?2 plus homozygous ALDH2?2/?2 was 45.28% in non-drinkers and 32.65% in the alcoholics group (P=0.030). Allele frequency of ALDH2 genotypes differed significantly between our Chinese sample and other ethnic groups in Asia,and it was significantly higher than that in European and American countries.Conclusion The developed pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray methods are rapid,accurate,high-throughput, convenient,and reliable for detecting ALDH2 polymorphisms.ALDH2?2 gene can protect against the development of alcoholism.The allele frequency of ALDH2 in this Chinese population differs from that in other ethnic groups.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the clinical effect of postoperative complications in patients with induced abortion by taking Drospirenone and Ethinylestradiol Tablets.Methods 400 patients with induced abortion from November 2015 to May 2016 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,200 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine antibiotic therapy.The observation group treatment with Drospirenone and Ethinylestradiol Tablets based on the control group, 1 per one night, 21d for a course of treatment, continuous use of 6 courses.Compared the 2 groups of patients with postoperative complications of pelvic infection,intrauterine adhesions,pregnancy,recurrent abdominal pain and two groups of postoperative recovery time of menstruation,vaginal bleeding,endometrial thickness.Results In the observation group after pelvic infection,uterine cavity adhesion,pregnancy,periodic abdominal pain incidence were 1.5%,0.5%,0.0%,1.5%,were significantly lower than that of the control group7.0%,3.5%,4.0%,5.5%(P<0.05);the observation group after menstruation recovery time,vaginal bleeding,endometrial thickness respectively(27.2 ±1.7) d,(6.2 ±1.4)d,(7.2 ±2.3) mm,were lower than the control group(32.5 ±6.0) d,(7.8 ±2.7) d,(5.0 ±2.4) mm,two groups of the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion After artificial abortion,taking Drospirenone and Ethinylestradiol Tablets can effectively reduce the incidence of complications,improve the quality of life of patients,the method is simple,safe,effective and good compliance.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the factors related to the household abundance of rodents in rodent-borne disease foci in the western part of Yunnan province.Methods From July 2011 to October 2012,800 households (20 households in 1 village) were randomly selected in 40 natural villages of 10 counties in western Yunnan where rodent borne disease was endemic to conduct a study on relationship between rodent abundance and environmental factors.Five cages were placed in each household for 3 consecutive nights to capture rodents.The rodent species were identified based on their morphological characteristics.The data on potential factors related to rodent abundance were collected through questionnaires and field observation.A dataset was established by using EpiData software and the analysis was performed with hurdle regression model under R software.Results A total of 421 rodents were captured in 800 households,belonging to 9 species,6 genera,2 families,2 orders.Rattus tanezumi was the predominant species (66.03％).The final hurdle regression model showed that the probability of capturing rodents in the households where family member had high education level and the garbage was placed outside declined by 50％-68％ ; The probability of capturing rodents in the households of Dai and Yi ethnic groups increased by 2.16-2.87 times; The probability of capturing rodents in the households where rodents were observed or vegetables grown near houses increased by 1.54-1.59 times; In the households where many rodents were believed to exist,the probability of capturing rodents and the number of rodents captured increased by 1.59 and 1.84 times respectively.The number of rodents captured in the houses with cement or tile floor increased by 3.62 times.Conclusion The household abundance of rodents in the area in western Yunnan,where the rodent-borne disease survey was conducted,seemed to be closely related to the social economy status,human intervention and ecological environment.To control the abundance of rodents effectively,it is necessary to take these factors into consideration.
ABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the role of interleukin (IL)-12 in capillary bronchiolitis disease.Methods Fifty-nine cases of capillary bronchiolitis children under 2 years old were enrolled as the bronchiolitis group Ⅰ(n =28) and bronchiolitis group Ⅱ(n =31),36 cases of children with bronchopneumonia of the same age and 31 cases of children suffered from non-infectious diseases such as hernia and renal calculus of the same age were enrolled as bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group respectively.The peripheral blood IL-12 levels of four groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The levels of the peripheral blood IL-12 in bronchiolitis group Ⅰ,bronchiolitis group Ⅱ,bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group were (34.72±7.96) pg/ml,(55.30 ±6.72) pg/ml,(56.79±10.36) pg/ml and (61.23 ± 11.51) pg/ml respectively.The level of the peripheral blood IL-12 in bronchiolitis group I was significantly lower than that in bronchiolitis group Ⅱ,bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group respectively (P ＜0.05),and the level of the peripheral blood IL-12 in bronchiolitis group ⅡⅡ was significantly lower than that in bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group respectively (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The level of IL-12 is one of the important factors for bronchiolitis disease,the reducing of serum level of IL-12 in children who have a high risk factor of capillary bronchiolitis is more obvious.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the characteristics and neural mechanisms of visual attention dysfunction in patients with hypertension using the event related potentials(ERPs).Methods Visual Oddball pattern was adopted to analyze P3a and P3b components of 15 essential hypertensives and 15 normotensives,and all the participants were submitted to cognitive assessment by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).Results ①Novelty stimulus:the mean amplitude of N2 in hypertensive patients ((1.56± 1.15) μV) was decreased than normal controls ((-2.19±1.15) μV,P＜0.05),particularly at forehead-central sites (P＜0.05).In addition,the amplitude of P3a of hypertensive patients ((6.27± 1.01) μV) was different from normal controls ((7.09± 1.01) μV),but there was no statistical significance(P＞0.05).The latency of visual P3a was significantly longer in patients with hypertension group ((432.83 ± 8.22) ms) than that in control group ((403.10 ± 8.22) ms,P＞ 0.05).②Target stimulus:compared with control group ((6.75 ±0.90)μV),visual P3b amplitude in hypertension group ((4.08 ± 0.90) μV) was significantly declined (P＜ 0.05).Besides,the latency of visual P3b of hypertensive patients ((440.70 ± 6.42) ms) was different from normal controls ((436.91±6.42) ms),but there was no statistical significance(P＞0.05).③Compared with control group (27.31± 1.22),the M MSE score of patients with hypertension (24.55±2.42) was decreased (P＜0.05).The amplitude of visual P3b was positively correlated with MMSE scores in parietal region(r=0.51,P＜0.05).Conclusions The abilities of visual involuntary attention and voluntary attention are damaged in patients with hypertension,the impact degree of hypertension on two kinds of attention and the neural mechanisms are different.Moreover,there is a significant positive correlation between the amplitude of visual P3b and MMSE,which prompts that visual P3b for clinical early assessment of attention in patients with hypertension provides more objective neurophysiological basis.
ABSTRACT
Introduction The aim of this study was to explore the environment of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) protoscolices and their relationship with their host. Methods Proteins from the hydatid-cyst fluid (HCF) from E. granulosus were identified by proteomics. An inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) was used to determine the elements, an automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the types and levels of biochemical indices, and an automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect the types and levels of amino acids in the E. granulosus HCF. Results I) Approximately 30 protein spots and 21 peptide mass fingerprints (PMF) were acquired in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) pattern of hydatid fluid; II) We detected 10 chemical elements in the cyst fluid, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc; III) We measured 19 biochemical metabolites in the cyst fluid, and the amount of most of these metabolites was lower than that in normal human serum; IV) We detected 17 free amino acids and measured some of these, including alanine, glycine, and valine. Conclusions We identified and measured many chemical components of the cyst fluid, providing a theoretical basis for developing new drugs to prevent and treat hydatid disease by inhibiting or blocking nutrition, metabolism, and other functions of the pathogen. .
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cyst Fluid/chemistry , Echinococcosis , Echinococcus granulosus/chemistry , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Helminth Proteins/analysisABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical significance of interleukin (IL)- 17 in nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) and serum of wheezing children under 5 years old. Methods Fifty-three children with recurrent wheezing under 5 years old were divided into wheezing group Ⅰ (with atopic high risks,27 cases)and wheezing group Ⅱ (without atopic high risks, 26 cases) ;20 children without infectious diseases such as hernia and renal calculus were enrolled as control group. After collecting and dealing their NPS and serum,the levels of IL-17 were measured by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The levels of IL-17 in serum and NPS in wheezing group Ⅰ [(1469.32 ± 978.30),(1473.70 ±974.35) ng/L],and wheezing group Ⅱ [(263.34 ± 131.80), (788.28±132.40) ng/L] were significantly higher than those in control group [(36.48 ± 2.00), (36.45 ± 5.00) ng/L] (P ＜ 0.01 ), and the levels of IL- 17 in wheezing group Ⅰ were higher than those in wheezing group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05 ); the expression of IL- 17 in NPS and serum had a positive correlation (r = 0.313,P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The detections of IL-17 in NPS can be used as laboratory index to distinguish wheezing children who have a tendency to persistent wheezing, and early intervention and treatment should be given.
ABSTRACT
The article focuses on diagnostic criteria and diagnostic accuracy of the various imaging methods by lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma at present, and compares accuracy of the various imaging methods. In general, the diagnostic accuracy of CT is lower, the diagnostic accuracy of uhrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging is higher. Each imaging method has the lower accuracy for the diagnosis of smaller lymph node metastasis. Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography is higher in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Sensitivity of PET/CT is higher for the diagnosis of distant lymph node metastasis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate if the anticancer prescription Fuzhengyiaitang in combination with progestogen matching chems can have better clinical effects than progestogen alone.Methods Collecting 60 patients and grouped into two randomly.One group named the experimental group and the other is named the control.The experimental group is given Fuzhengyiaitang and progestogen and the control ine is given the progestogen alone.The clinical effects are investigated.Results The experimental group had better clinical effects than the other one and the results had statistical significance.The experimental group are stronger,had better immunal functions and less side effects.Conclusion Fuzhengyiaitang and progestogen match cbems Can have better clinical effects in treating the stage I's operation.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of Distal-Jet appliance on the distalization of maxillary molar.Methods:12 Class Ⅱ malocclusion patients(at the average age of 12.3 years) with mesially moved maxillary molar were treated by Distal-Jet appliance. Cephalometic radiographs and dental models were taken and analyzed before and after molar distalization.Results:The treatment time was (4.3?2.8) months. After treatment following effects were achieved:①The maxillary molar was distalized by (3.6?0.75) mm per side with crown tilting distally by ( 3.5 ?3)?. ②The first premolar was moved mesially by (2.1?1.7) mm (tilting movement). Anterior overjet was increased by (1.47?1.76) mm. ③In the vertical dimension,the maxillary molar was extruded slightly by (0.39? 0.46 ) mm, the first premolar was extruded by (0.43?0.61) mm. ④The width between the central point of first maxillary molar was increased by ( 2.8 ?1.1) mm.Conclusions:The Distal-Jet appliance can distalize maxillary molars effectively. However,it may result in distaly tilting of molars and mesial movement of premolars.
ABSTRACT
0.05).Conclusions:Combined anchorage can provide maximum anchorage compared with traditional face bow and was accepted easily by patients.