Effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Intestinal Barrier, Intestinal Flora, and Trimethylamine Oxide in Rats with Heart Failure / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) modulating the gut microbiome and trimethylamine oxide (TAMO) to exert cardioprotective effects.@*METHODS@#Ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed in rats to induce heart failure (HF). Except for the sham-operation group (n=10), 36 operation-induced models were randomized into 3 groups using a random number table (n=12 in each group): the model group, the BYHWD group (15.02 g/kg BYHWD), and the positive group (4.99 g/kg metoprolol succinate). After 4-week treatment (once daily by gavage), echocardiography was applied to evaluate the cardiac function and the Tei index (the ratio of ventricular isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) and isovolumic diastolic time (IVRT) to ejection time (ET)) was calculated; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was observed to characterize the pathology of the myocardium and small intestinal villi. D-lactic acid was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expressions of occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens (ZO-1) were detected by Western blot. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) sequencing was used to explore the changes in the intestinal flora. TMAO was detected via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).@*RESULTS@#In the echocardiography, the Tei index was considerably lower in the positive and BYHWD groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). Besides, BYHWD improved the pathology of myocardium and small intestine of HF rats and lowered the D-lactic acid content in the serum, when compared with the model group (P<0.05). BYHWD also improved the expression of occludin and claudin-1 (P<0.05); in the gut microbiota analysis, BYHWD slowed down modifications in the structure distribution of gut microbiota and regulated the diversity of intestinal flora in HF rats. The content of TMAO in the serum was significantly lowered by BYWHT compared with the model group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#BYHWD may delay progression of HF by enhancing the intestinal barrier structure, and regulating intestinal flora and TAMO.

Mechanism of Learning and Memory Impairment in Rats Exposed to Arsenic and/or Fluoride Based on Microbiome and Metabolome / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Arsenic (As) and fluoride (F) are two of the most common elements contaminating groundwater resources. A growing number of studies have found that As and F can cause neurotoxicity in infants and children, leading to cognitive, learning, and memory impairments. However, early biomarkers of learning and memory impairment induced by As and/or F remain unclear. In the present study, the mechanisms by which As and/or F cause learning memory impairment are explored at the multi-omics level (microbiome and metabolome).@*METHODS@#We stablished an SD rats model exposed to arsenic and/or fluoride from intrauterine to adult period.@*RESULTS@#Arsenic and/fluoride exposed groups showed reduced neurobehavioral performance and lesions in the hippocampal CA1 region. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that As and/or F exposure significantly altered the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome，featuring the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Ruminococcus_1, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, [Eubacterium]_xylanophilum_group. Metabolome analysis showed that As and/or F-induced learning and memory impairment may be related to tryptophan, lipoic acid, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) synapse, and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. The gut microbiota, metabolites, and learning memory indicators were significantly correlated.@*CONCLUSION@#Learning memory impairment triggered by As and/or F exposure may be mediated by different gut microbes and their associated metabolites.

Drofenine as a Kv2.1 inhibitor alleviated AD-like pathology in mice through A β/Kv2.1/microglial NLRP3/neuronal tau axis / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Alzheimer disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease with clinical hallmarks of pro-gressive cognitive impairment.Synergistic effects of Aβ-tau cascade reaction are tightly implicated in AD patholo-gy,and microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation drives neuronal tauopathy through microglia and neurons cross-talk.However,the underlying mechanism of how Aβ medi-ates NLRP3 inflammasome remains unclear.Shab related potassium channel member 1(Kv2.1)as a voltage gated po-tassium channel widely distributed in the central nervous system and plays an important role in regulating the out-ward potassium flow in neurons and glial cells.In current work,we aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of Kv2.1 in regulating Aβ/NLRP3 inflammasome/tau axis by using a determined Kv2.1 inhibitor drofenine(Dfe).METHODS Cell-based assays including Western blot-ting and immunofluorescence staining against primary microglia or neurons were carried out to expound the role of Kv2.1 channel in NLRP3 inflammasome activa-tion and subsequent neuronal tau hyperphosphorylation.For animal studies,new object recognition,Y-maze and Morris water maze were performed to evaluate the ame-lioration of Kv2.1 inhibition through either Kv2.1 inhibitor Dfe treatment or adeno-associated virus AAV-ePHP-si-Kv2.1injectionon5×FADADmodel mice.Assays of histol-ogy and immunostaining of tissue sections and Western blotting of brain tissues were performed to verify the con-clusion of cellular assays.RESULTS We reported that oligomeric Aβ(o-Aβ)bound to microglial Kv2.1 and pro-moted Kv2.1-dependent potassium leakage to activate NLRP3 inflammasome through JNK/NF-κB pathway sub-sequently resulting in neuronal tauopathy.Treatment of either Kv2.1 inhibitor Dfe or AAV-ePHP-si-Kv2.1 for brain-specific Kv2.1 knockdown deprived o-A β of its capability in inducing microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and neuronal tau hyperphosphorylation,while improved the cognitive impairment of 5×FAD AD model mice.CONCLUSION Our results have highly addressed that Kv2.1 channel is required for o-Aβ driving NLRP3 inflammasome activation and neuronal tauopathy in AD model mice and highlighted that Kv2.1 inhibition is a prom-ising therapeutical strategy for AD and Dfe as a Kv2.1 inhibitor shows potential in the treatment of this disease.

Advances in the Clinical Application of Trendelenburg Position / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

The Trendelenburg position and reverse Trendelenburg position are frequently employed during lower abdominal surgery to achieve optimal surgical field visualization and complete exposure of the operative site, particularly under pneumoperitoneum conditions. However, these positions can have significant impacts on the patient's physiological functions. This article overviews the historical background of Trendelenburg position and reverse Trendelenbury position, their effects on various physiological functions, recent advancements in their clinical applications, and strategies for preventing and managing associated complications.

Progresses in clinical treatment of multiple rib fractures and flail chest / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#The incidence of rib fracture in patients with chest trauma is about 70%. Simple rib fractures do not need special treatment. Multiple rib fractures and flail chest are critical cases of blunt trauma, which often cause serious clinical consequences and need to be treated cautiously. Nowadays, there is a controversy about the diagnosis and treatment of multiple rib fractures and flail chest. In the past, most of the patients were treated by non-operative treatment, and only less than 1% of the patients with flail chest underwent surgery. In recent years, studies have confirmed that surgical reduction and internal fixation can shorten the hospital stay, and reduce pain and cost for patients with flail chest, but there is still a lack of relevant clinical consensus and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, which leads to great differences in clinical diagnosis and treatment plans. This article reviewed the treatment, surgical indications and surgical timing of multiple rib fractures and flail chest.

Circular RNA circ-MYBL2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells by adsorbing miR-324-3p / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To explore the expression of circular RNA circ-MYBL2 in prostate cancer tissue and the molecular mechanism of its influence on the occurrence and metastasis of prostate cancer.Methods:From February 2017 to April 2021, 45 cases of prostate cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues from patients with prostate cancer in the Department of Urology, Jingmen No.2 People′s Hospital were selected. quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the difference in expression of circ-MYBL2 in prostate cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, and the difference in expression of circ-MYBL2 in prostate cancer cell lines and immortalized prostate duct epithelial cells. Cell lines with low circ-MYBL2 expression were respectively transfected with circ-MYBL2 plasmid (circ-MYBL2 group) or negative control plasmid (control group). qRT-PCR was used to detect the transfection efficiency of circ-MYBL2 plasmid. CCK-8 method and cell scratch test were used to detect the effect of circ-MYBL2 on cell proliferation and migration. The starBase v2.0 software was used to predict the miRNA bound by circ-MYBL2 and the target gene of miRNA. The dual luciferase reporter gene experiment was used to verify the regulatory relationship between circ-MYBL2 and miRNA. qRT-PCR was used to detect the influence of circ-MYBL2 on miRNA expression and the influence of miRNA on target gene mRNA expression. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of target gene protein and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins. The measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( Mean± SD), the comparison between the means of multiple samples used one-way analysis of variance, and the comparison between the means of two samples used the t-test. Results:The expression of circ-MYBL2 of DU-145 cells in prostate cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues ( P<0.01). The expression of circ-MYBL2 in prostate cancer cell lines was significantly lower than that of prostate ductal epithelial cells ( P<0.01), and the expression of DU-145 cells was the lowest ( P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of circ-MYBL2 of DU-145 cells in the circ-MYBL2 group increased significantly ( P<0.01), and circ-MYBL2 reduced the proliferation activity ( P<0.05) and migration ability ( P<0.01) of DU-145 cells. circ-MYBL2 acted as a sponge to adsorb miR-324-3p, and miR-324-3p complementarily bound to the suppressor of SUFU gene. circ-MYBL2 inhibited the expression of miR-324-3p ( P<0.01), SUFU gene expression was increased ( P<0.01), and Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway transduction was inhibited. Conclusion:circ-MYBL2 promotes the expression of SUFU gene by adsorbing miR-324-3p, inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby reducing the proliferation activity and migration ability of prostate cancer cells.

Modulatory Potential of LncRNA Zfas1for Inflammation and Neuronal Apoptosis in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Purpose@#This study aimed to elucidate whether lncRNA ZFAS1 is involved in neuronal apoptosis and inflammation in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). @*Materials and Methods@#Ninety-six TLE patients were recruited, and their peripheral venous blood was gathered to determine Zfas1 expression with polymerase chain reaction. Neurons were separated from hippocampal tissue of newborn SD rats, and siZfas1 or pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 was transfected into the neurons. Inflammatory cytokines released by neurons were determined, and neuronal activities were evaluated through MTT assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. @*Results@#Serum levels of Zfas1 were higher in TLE patients than in healthy controls (p<0.05). Furthermore, Zfas1 expression in neurons was raised by pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 and declined after silencing of Zfas1 (p<0.05). Transfection of pcDNA-Zfas1 weakened the viability and proliferation of neurons and increased neuronal apoptosis (p<0.05). Meanwhile, pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 transfection promoted lipopolysaccharide-induced release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p<0.05), and boosted NF-κB activation by elevating the expression of NF-κB p65, pIκBα, and IKKβ in neurons (p<0.05). @*Conclusion@#Our results indicated that lncRNA ZFAS1 exacerbates epilepsy development by promoting neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, implying ZFAS1 as a promising treatment target for epilepsy.

Effect of Buyang Huanwu Tang on Myocardial Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism and AMPK/PPARα Signaling Pathway in Rats with Diastolic Heart Failure / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the effect of Buyang Huanwu Tang on myocardial energy metabolism in rats with diastolic heart failure (DHF) based on adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors α (PPARα) signaling pathway,and investigate its mechanism of action.Method: The 48 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group and model group.DHF rat model was established by abdominal aorta constriction method.The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group,Buyang Huanwu Tang group (12.72 g·kg-1·d-1),metoprolol tartrate group (0.004 5 g·kg-1·d-1),with corresponding drugs in each group by intragastric administration.The sham operation group and model group were given with equal amount of deionized water,once a day.After 8 weeks of continuous drug intervention,the contents of adenosine monophosphate (AMP),adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphophate (ATP) in peripheral blood of rats were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The changes of myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure were detected by electron microscope.The protein expression levels of AMPK,PPARα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α(PGC-1α) in rat myocardium were detected by Western blot.Result: As compared with sham operation group,the contents of AMP and ADP in model group were increased significantly,and ATP content was decreased significantly (PPPPα and PGC-1α protein in the model group were decreased significantly (Pα and PGC-1α protein in Buyang Huanwu Tang group and metoprolol tartrate group were increased significantly (PConclusion: Buyang Huanwu Tang may improve the energy metabolism of the failed heart and delay the progression of heart failure by improving the structure and function of mitochondria,activating AMPK and up-regulating the expression of AMPK/PPARα signaling pathway.

Effect of long-chain non-coding RNA AP000344. 3 on the proliferation and invasion of human bladder cancer cells and its mechanism / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the effect of specific long-chain non-coding RNA AP000344. 3 on the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells and its mechanism. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of AP000344. 3 in bladder cancer cells and normal bladder epithelial cells. The cancer cells with the lowest expression rate were selected for subsequent experiments. The AP000344. 3 plasmid or the negative control plasmid was transferred into bladder cancer cells by Lipofectamine 2000, and the transfection efficiency of AP000344. 3 was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation activity was measured by MTT method,and cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell assay. Bioinformatics was used to predict downstream miRNA and downstream genes of AP000344. 3. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of downstream genes. Results The expression of AP000344. 3 in bladder cancer cells was significantly lower than that in normal bladder epithelial cells (P < 0. 01) ,and the expression of AP000344. 3 was the lowest in BIU87 cells (P < 0. 01) . The expression of AP000344. 3 in BIU87 cells was up-regulated at 48 h after transfection with AP000344. 3 (P < 0. 01) . The proliferation activity of BIU87 cells was decreased (P < 0. 05) ,and the cell invasion ability was decreased (P < 0. 05) . AP000344. 3 can target and bind to miR-135a-5p,and miR-135a-5p to human chemokine-like factor superfamily member 3 (CMTM3) . After up-regulation of AP000344. 3,miR-135a-5p expression was down-regulated (P < 0. 01) ,and CMTM3 was up-regulated in mRNA and protein expression (P < 0. 01) . Conclusion AP000344. 3 is significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer cells,and up-regulation of AP000344. 3 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells. The mechanism may be to inhibit the expression of miR-135a-5p and up-regulate the expression of CMTM3 protein,providing a theoretical basis for finding new therapeutic targets for bladder cancer.

Research advances in susceptibility genes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with type 2 diabetes / 中国药科大学学报

@#Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)as the most common hepatic disease worldwide is affected not only by extrinsic factors, but also by genetic ones. Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), another chronic disease regulated by both environmental and genetic factors, is closely related to NAFLD in signal pathways and susceptibility genes. This review summarizes the susceptibility genes of NAFLD, especially points out their relevance to T2DM and suggests their related clinical applications, which provide further evidence for the exploration of the mechanisms of the two diseases with a new direction for their diagnosis and treatment.

Protopanaxadiol derivative DDPU improvesbehaviorand cognitive deficitin AD mice involving regulation of both ER stress and autophagy / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential effect and mechanisms of protopanaxadiol deriva-tive 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-3-(3-dehydroxyl-20(s)-protopa- naxadiol-3b-yl)-urea (DDPU) in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.METHODS ELISA assay was performed in both HEK293-APPswe and CHO-APP cells to demonstrate the efficacy of DDPU in reducing Ab level.SH-SY5Y,primary neurons and astrocyte cellswereused to study the regulation of DDPU against the signaling pathways involved in Aβ/ER-stress pathology. APP/PS1 transgenic mice wereusedto study the regulation of DDPU against ADL and cognitive deficits. APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly placed into three groups (n=10):The two 6-month transgenic groups were administrated with 30 mg·kg-1DDPU or vehicle and the 6-month non-transgenic group was administrated with vehicle for 100 days by intraperitonealinjec-tion.After 100-day administration,nest construction assay and Morris water maze(MWM)assay were applied to evaluate the daily living activities and cognitive abilities of the mice with continuous DDPU treatment. Upon completion of behavior assays, mice were euthanized, and the brains were removed and bisected in mid-sagittal plane.The right hemispheres were frozen and stored at-80°C,and the left hemispheres were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. RESULTS DDPU effectively improved learning and memory impairments in APP/PS1 transgenic mice, and the underlying mechanisms have been inten-sively investigated. DDPU reduced Ab production by inhibiting the PERK/eIF2a signaling-mediated BACE1 translation, while promoted Ab clearance as a PI3K inhibitor thus negatively regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in promotion of autophagy.Moreover,DDPU also exhibited neuroprotective effect by attenuating ER stress. Therefore, all findings have clearly demonstrated the crosstalk between Ab and ER stress, and confirmed that targeting ER stress should be a potential target for innovative anti-AD drug development,while highlighted the potential of DDPU in the treatment of AD.

Effects and mechanisms of mesenteric arterial rings vasodilation induced by protocatechuic aldehyde / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the vasodilating effects of protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA ) on rat superior mesenteric arterial rings as well as its mechanism .Methods The tension of rat superior mesenteric arterial rings was recorded by a sensitive myograph system in vitro . We measured isometric tension changes in preconstricted rat superior mesenteric artery rings induced by potassium chloride (KCl ,60 mmol/L) ,serotomin (5-HT ,10-5 mol/L ) , and phenylephrine (PE , 10-5 mol/L ) after PCA treatment at different concentrations , respectively .We also observed vasodilating effects of PCA on KCl (60 mmol/L ) preconstricted rat superior mesenteric arterial rings after incubation with different inhibitors ,i .e .,L-NAME ,Indo ,ODQ ,4-AP (KV channel blocker) ,TEA (KCa channel blocker) ,BaCl2 (Kir channel blocker) ,and Glib (KATP channel blocker) ,respectively . Results PCA (10-6 -10-3 mol/L ) could relax KCl (60 mmol/L ) and 5-HT (10-5 mol/L ) preconstricted rat superior mesenteric arterial rings in a concentration-dependent manner . Indo of endothelial mechanism inhibitor blocked the vasodilating effect of PCA . 4-AP and BaCl2 of potassium ion channel inhibitors affected the vasodilatation induced by PCA in KCl (60 mmol/L)-preconstricted rat mesenteric artery .Conclusion PCA can relax KCl (60 mmol/L) ,or 5-HT preconstricted rat superior mesenteric arterial rings .This effect is associated with the inhibition of potassium channels and endothelial mechanism .

Effect of microRNA-448 inhibitor on the proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer cells / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To observe the effect of specific miR-448 inhibitor on the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods Real-time fluo-rescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-448 in normal prostate epi-thelial cells and cancer cells. The cells with the highest expres-sion of miR-448 were selected for follow-up experiment. The miR-448 inhibitor or miR-NC was transferred into prostate canc-er cells using liposome transfection reagent. The expression of miR-448 and CMTM3 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of related proteins were detected by Western blotting. MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation activity. Tr-answell assay was used to detect the cell migration ability. Re-sults The expression of miR-448 in normal prostate epithelial cells was significantly lower than that in cancer cells ( P ＜0. 01), and the expression of miR-448 was the highest in DU- 145 cells ( P ＜0. 01). The expression of miR-448 in DU-145 cells was down-regulated 48 h after transfection with miR-448 in-hibitor (P＜0. 01). The expression of CMTM3 mRNA was up-regulated (P＜0. 01). The expression of CMTM3, E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins were up-regulated. The expression of N-cadherin and Snail proteins were down-regulated. Cell prolifera-tion was decreased (P＜0. 05). Cell migration ability decreased (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion miR-448 is highly expressed in prostate cancer cells. miR-448 inhibitor can down-regulate the expression of miR-448 in DU-145 cells, up-regulate the expres-sion of CMTM3 protein, inhibit the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells, which showing a potential function in mo-lecular therapy of prostate cancer.

Rapid characterization of chemical constituents in capillary wormwood extract based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap / 中国中药杂志

A rapid and sensitive UHPLC-HR-MSn method was developed for the identification of chemical constituents in capillary wormwood extract. ACQUITY UHPLC HSS T3 chromatography column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used with 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile solution as the mobile phase in gradient elution. The extract was detected by ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap equipped with an ESI ion source in a negative mode. Based on the accurate mass measurements, retention time, mass fragmentation patterns and literature reports, a total of 50 compounds including 21 flavonoids, 22 phenolic acids, 6 coumarins and 1 other compound were tentatively screened and characterized. These results are helpful for the comprehensive quality control, better comprehension of the metabolism and further study of pharmacodynamic substance from capillary wormwood extract.

Determination of five elements in four processed products of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus and their speciations / 中成药

AIM To determine the contents of Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu and As in vinegar-processed,wine-processed,honey-processed and steamed products of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus and to investigate their speciations.METHODS After various elements were extracted by Tessier method,the contents of Pb and Cd were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry,and those of Cu,As and Hg were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry,hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry,respectively.RESULTS Pb content was decreased in four kinds of processed products,while Hg content was increased in them.Cd content was only increased in wine-processed product.As was only detected in wine-processed product.Cu content showed no obvious change within standard limit.Pb speciations mainly existed in ion exchange and organic binding states in vinegar-processed and wine-processed products,Fe-Mn oxidative binding and organic binding states in honey-processed product,and carbonate binding and Fe-Mn oxidative binding state in steamed product.Hg,Cu and Cd speciations mainly existed in ion exchange and carbonate binding,ion exchange and organic binding,and carbonate binding states in four kinds of processed products,respectively.CONCLUSION Different processing methods show obvious effects on the contents and speciations of five elements in Schisandra chinensis Fructus.

Determination of five elements in four processed products of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus and their speciations / 中成药

AIM To determine the contents of Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu and As in vinegar-processed,wine-processed,honey-processed and steamed products of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus and to investigate their speciations.METHODS After various elements were extracted by Tessier method,the contents of Pb and Cd were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry,and those of Cu,As and Hg were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry,hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry,respectively.RESULTS Pb content was decreased in four kinds of processed products,while Hg content was increased in them.Cd content was only increased in wine-processed product.As was only detected in wine-processed product.Cu content showed no obvious change within standard limit.Pb speciations mainly existed in ion exchange and organic binding states in vinegar-processed and wine-processed products,Fe-Mn oxidative binding and organic binding states in honey-processed product,and carbonate binding and Fe-Mn oxidative binding state in steamed product.Hg,Cu and Cd speciations mainly existed in ion exchange and carbonate binding,ion exchange and organic binding,and carbonate binding states in four kinds of processed products,respectively.CONCLUSION Different processing methods show obvious effects on the contents and speciations of five elements in Schisandra chinensis Fructus.

Management of patients with liver trauma in a primary-care hospital: a study of 230 patients / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and summarize the experience of treating patients with hepatic injuries in a primary-care hospital.Methods The clinical data of 230 patients with hepatic injuries from January 2002 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results 124 patients were treated with surgery and 106 patients (including two patients who were transferred to another hospital) were managed by conservative treatment.Of 230 patients,204 patients recovered well and 26 patients died.63 cases of severe hepatic injuries (grades Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ),the mortality rate reached 25.4％.Concltsions The important points to success in managing these patients are early diagnosis and adequate assessment of liver injury,proper choice of treatment and using the simplest and the most effective means in surgery to control bleeding.

UPLC characteristic chromatographic profile of Persicae Semen / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an UPLC method of determining the characteristic chromatographic profile of Persicae Semen for controlling the drug quality quickly and accurately.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The UPLC characteristic chromatographic profiles of fifteen batches of Persicae Semen were determined on an HSS T3 column (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.8 microm) eluted with the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water containing 0.05% phosphoric acid in gradient mode and the detection wavelength was at 254 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The common mode of the UPLC characteristic chromatographic profile was set up. There were 12 common peaks in the fingerprints of fifteen samples, six of which were identified, and the similar degrees of the fifteen batches to the common mode were between 0.884-0.996.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was quick and accurate. The characteristic chromatographic profile of Persicae Semen with high specificity can be used to control the quality of Persicae Semen.</p>

Determination of twenty pesticide residues in Viscum coloratum by gas chromatography using cloud-point extraction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a gas chromatography method for simultaneous determination of organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticide residues in Viscum coloratum by cloud-point extraction (CPE).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Pesticides were extracted with the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100. The apparatus was gas chromatography with electron capture detector and the separation was performed on an Hp-5 column. The pesticide residues were calculated by external standard method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Good linear relation was obtained over the range of 5-500 microg L(-1) for organochlorine and 10-1,000 microg L(-1) for pyrethroid. The limits of detection was 1.5-7.5 microg kg(-1). The average recoveries of organochlorine and pyrethroid were 74.15% -111.6% with corresponding RSD of 4.0% -9.1%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sample and rapid method was applied to pesticide residues determination.</p>

Clinical study of congestive heart failure accompanied with malnutrition With danshenfenzhen and nutritional support / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of danshenfenzhen and nutritional support in treating congestive heart failure accompanied with malnutrition on the basis of common treatment.Methods 42 cas- es of congestive heart failure accompanied with malnutrition were randomly divided into 2 groups:test group 21 cases (danshenfenzhen and nutritional support) and control group 21 cases(free diet),in the test group intravenous drip danshenfenzhen and vein nutrition were given if the internal nutrition can not provide enough energy on the basis of count of energy consumption,the serum albumin,total blood lymph cells and body weight were measured.Results After 14 days' treatment in the test group,the serum albumin,body weight and the total lymph cell increased signifi- cantly while in the control group,the serum albumin,body weight and the total lymph cells decreased significantly. Conclusion Intravenous drip danshenfenzhen and nutritional support can improve nutritional status and cardiac function of patients with congestive heart failure accompanied with malnutrition.