ABSTRACT
In recent years， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome in tumors has become a research hotspot， especially in melanoma， colorectal cancer， lung cancer， and breast cancer， and more and more evidence has shown that inflammation plays a role in the development， progression， angiogenesis， and invasion of cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is the most common type of primary liver cancer， and there are still controversies over the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the development and progression of HCC. Therefore， this article reviews the potential impact of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of HCC and its mechanism of action in anticancer therapy， and it is believed that NLRP3 inflammasome can be used as an effective therapeutic target for HCC patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To establish a 10-year comparison table of cerebrovascular function score and first stroke risk, and to provide a new method for screening of high-risk population of stroke.Methods:In the beginning of 2003, a cohort for studing stroke risk factors in those aged 40 years and over was established in a community of Shanghai by cluster sampling. The common risk factors of stroke were investigated with a unified questionnaire, and the cerebrovascular function (cerebral vascular hemodynamic indexes, CVHI) was measured. The baseline study was completed from April to June 2003 and December 2004 to January 2005, respectively. The incident of first stroke and all cause of death were followed up year by year. The follow-up period was up to December 31, 2014. The 10-year incidence of first stroke was calculated according to the baseline score of cerebrovascular function, and the score-risk control table was established to estimate 10-year first stroke risk in each score group. The role of cerebrovascular function score in stroke was also estimated.Results:The follow-up term of 10 565 participants was (10.26±2.00) years, and 350 patients had first stroke during the follow-up. The trend 10-year incidence of first stroke both in men and women was significantly increased with the decrease of the score of cerebrovascular function (trend χ2=296.125, P<0.01). As the 10-year risk of first stroke was higher than 5% and higher than 10%, the corresponding CVHI score was lower than 70 and 40 points in males and lower than 30 and 20 points in females. When the scores of cerebral vascular function were divided by every 25 points, incidence of first stroke in each group from top to bottom was 1.9%, 4.7%, 10.8%, 15.2% in males and 1.6%, 4.4%, 4.8%, 11.4% in females, respectively. As compared to the top, the relative risk (95% CI) of first stroke in the lower groups was 2.61(1.67-4.07), 6.46(4.22-9.89), 9.74(6.53-14.52) for males and 2.82(1.93-4.12), 3.15(1.99-4.99), 8.12(5.65-11.68) for females, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors being selected into the regression equation were cerebrovascular function score, age, hypertension history, stroke family history and smoking history, among which the role of cerebrovascular function score was the strongest. Conclusion:The risk of first stroke increases significantly with the decrease of cerebrovascular function score, which can be used to assess the 10-year risk of first stroke.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the accumulative scores of cerebrovascular hemodynamic parameters (CVHP) in different populations and to analyze the relationship between the change of accumulative scores and the risk of stroke. Methods: A total of 10 565 participants aged 40 years and above were selected from a cluster sampling community-based population. Their risk factors were investigated and CVHP was evaluated. The CVHP scores were accumulated by a unified approach, and the incidence of stroke was followed up. The participants were grouped into health adult, single factor exposure, multiple-factor exposure, and newly developed stroke during the follow-up period. The differences of CVHP accumulative scores and the change law among the 4 groups were compared respectively according to age and sex. Results: The accumu-lative scores of the mean (SD) CVHP in the health adult, single factor exposure, multiple-factor exposure, and newly developed stroke groups were 86.44 (20.69), 72.07 (28.10), 60.82(34.64), and4.01 (29.36) in men respectively, and they were 83.95 (22.19), 67.97 (29.73),59.91 (31.34), and 42.64 (28.00) in women respectively, which had a tendency to gradually decrease. The accumulative scores of CVHP and their distributions at the same age stage in all the 4 groups had significant differences (P ＜ 0.01 ). The accumulative scores of CVHP and their distributions for the same factors between all age groups also had significant differences (P ＜0. 01). Conclusions: The accumulative scores of CVHP had a tendency to gradually decrease from the health adults, risk factor exposure to high risk status before stroke. The decrease of the accumulative scores is closely associated with the increase of stroke risk, which can be used as a predictor of stroke.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the predictive effect of serum TC/HDL-C ratio on ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke incidence in middle aged Chinese population.MethodsA prospective study was conducted based on the PRC-USA Collaborative Study on Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Epidemiology. A total of 10 121 individuals (4921 men and 5200 women), aged 35—59 years were selected from 4 cohorts, in Beijing and Guangzhou, urban and rural. The average following up time was 15.9 years. During the follow-up period, 277 ischemic and 125 hemorrhagic stroke cases were diagnosed.ResultsThe age adjusted incidence rate of ischemic stroke was 144.1,169.4,166.7,226.9 and 282.2 in the group of TC/HDL-C ratio