ABSTRACT
A prospective study investigated the epidemiology of malaria in an agricultural area in eastern Sudan from November 1999 to June 2000 [1 irrigation and 1 dry season]. In monthly parasite surveys, 99/ 1539 blood films from 190 individuals were positive for malaria: 95% for Plasmodium falciparum, 3% P. vivax and 2% P. ovale. The slide positive rate [SPR] of malaria episodes ranged from 3.7% to 12.8% in different months of the survey, with a peak in January. There was no significant difference in SPR between irrigation and dry seasons [7.2% versus 5.1%]. SPR differed significantly by age group and was highest in under 5-year-olds. However, there was no significant difference in SPR between males and females. Transmission and intensity of malaria in this area is perennial and moderate rather than low
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Antimalarials , ChloroquineABSTRACT
The abundance of Anopheles arabiensis and its susceptibility to insecticides was studied in New Halfa, eastern Sudan, from March 1999 to June 2000. Of 4854 females anophelines collected, 4847 [99.9%] were An. arabiensis and 7 [0.1%] An. pharoensis. Female An. arabiensis were breeding throughout the year, with 2 peak densities, during the rainy [158.4 females/room/day and 84.7 larvae/10 dips] and irrigated seasons [136.8 females/room/day and 44.8 larvae/10 dips]. The mean biting activity was 28.8 bites/person/ night, found throughout the night, mainly outdoors. Susceptibility of An. arabiensis to insecticides dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane [DDT], malathion and fenitrothion was 97.8%, 96.3% and 100% respectively. An. arabiensis is the sole malaria vector in the area and is perennial rather than seasonal