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Objective:To explore the focus of ethical governance in the field of artificial intelligence(Al)in medicine.Methods:By comprehensively reviewing relevant literature to compare the relevant laws and regulations of the field of AI in medicine between China and foreign countries,analyze the governance focus of potential ethical issues,and propose the corresponding governance strategies.Results:At present,the laws,regulations,and regulatory systems related to the field of AI in medicine in China need to be improved.The emphasis of ethical governance should focus on core issues such as protecting privacy rights,ensuring the transparency and fairness of algorithms,clarifying the demarcation and allocation of responsibilities,and clarifying public perceptions and attitudes.Conclusion:The government and all sectors of society should actively learn from international legislative experience,and build an omnidirectional and multi-level ethical governance system from the aspects of policy formulation,legal framework,scientific research,and technological research and development by strengthening top-level design,improving policies and regulations,attaching importance to public feedback,and strengthening interdisciplinary cooperation.
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The great anti-epidemic spirit is a magic weapon for the Chinese people to fight against the COVID-19. Taking the Dr. Zha’s Diary of Fighting the COVID-19 as an example to explore the practical basis and scientific connotation of the great anti-epidemic spirit is of great significance for telling Chinese stories and transmitting Chinese spirit. The anti-epidemic experience described in the book reflects the professional qualities of medical staff who are people-oriented and life first in the fight against the epidemic, the overall view of respecting science and precise prevention and control by various forces in society, and the overall pattern of national unity and shared destiny in China, vividly interprets the precious connotation of the new era medical and health professional spirit.
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【Objective:】 The data of the literature of the research progress on the assisted reproductive technology (ART) ethical issues in China in the past two decades were summarized to explore the research hotspots and frontiers of ethical issues in this field. 【Methods:】 The relevant literature records of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were retrieved from January 1, 2002 to October 30, 2022. CiteSpace 6.1.R2 software was used to visually analyze the authors, institutions, keywords, etc. 【Results:】 A total of 1274 papers were included, and the number of papers was on the rise. The hot topics covered three dimensions: surrogacy, ethics issues and laws of ART, and measures of ART. 【Conclusion:】 The combination of theory and practice on the ethical issues of ART is not close enough, the cooperation network of researchers need to be further strengthened. The relevant research on surrogacy, reproductive rights, gene editing, and embryo ownership has become a major hotspot and difficulty in recent years, which should be given full attention.
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Patient satisfaction is one of the core indicators to measure the service quality of medical institutions. To this end, a multi-campus public hospital in Shanghai constructed a management system of patient satisfaction evaluation. Since 2021, its call center has conducted a full coverage satisfaction assessment for discharged patients from its three campuses and collected dissatisfaction information feedback. The hospital organized relevant clinical departments and functional departments to fully communicate with the dissatisfied patients according to the feedback information, followed by a joint rectification. The hospital regularly conducts in-depth analysis of all complaints for timely discovery of common problems in different campuses for continuous improvement. This practice can provide reference for multi-campus hospitals to promote homogeneous management, to improve management efficiency, service quality and patient satisfaction.
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Abnormity of spirit, mind and intelligence are related to phlegm heat disturbing orifices. This article listed several diseases about phlegm heat disturbing orifices through three medical records, expounded the mechanism of applyingGuntan Pills, and proposed the matters needing attention to using the medicine, with a purpose to promote wider application ofGuntan Pills in clinic.
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Objective To optimize the formulation and process of liposome gel of total alkaloids of Sophoras Flavescentis Radix; To prepare the liposome gel of total alkaloids of Sophoras Flavescentis Radix and study its release mechanism.Methods Matrine liposomes was prepared by using film dispersion method; With entrapment efficiency and medicine loading as indexes, acid dye colorimetric method was used for the determination of matrine content in liposomes. Orthogonal design was used to optimize the formulation and the optimal formulation of liposomes was selected. Poloxamer-407 was set as the substrate preparation of matrine liposome gel. The transdermal rate of medicine gel and medicine liposome gel was investigated.Results Obtained through formulation and technology optimization of liposomes formation uniform, particle size was in the range of 100 nm to 400 nm, entrapment 74%, loading 26%. Preparation of liposome gel was transparent semisolid. In vitro results showed, cumulative release dose of matrine hydrogel was 6.34 mg/cm2 within 48 h; cumulative release doses of liposome gel of total alkaloids of Sophoras Flavescentis Radix was 6.97 mg/cm2 within 48 h; cumulative volume, steady-state penetration rate through skin and 48 h volume in the skin of the latter were significantly improved compared with that of the former. Conclusion Optimum preparation is reliable and practical. Liposome gel of total alkaloids of Sophoras Flavescentis Radix made by the preparation is with high quality, which can effectively delay the medicine release rate, increase the volume of medicine in human body.
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Objective: To prepare ibuprofen sustained-release dropping pills, to evaluate the accumulative release percentage in vitro and to study the drug state in the base.Methods: With the drug content, mass ratio of water-soluble base to insoluble base and mass ratio of stearic acid to glyceryl monostearate as the investigation factors, and the comprehensive score of 2-hour and 10-hour cumulative dissolution rate as the evaluation index, a Box-Behnken response-surface method was used to screen the optimal formula of ibuprofen sustained-release dropping pills.The drug state in the matrix was examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).Results: The optimal formula of ibuprofen sustained-release dropping pills was as follows: the drug content of 10%, water-soluble and insoluble matrix ratio of 4∶1, and stearic acid and glyceryl monostearate ratio of 3∶1.The maximum cumulative dissolution rate of ibuprofen sustained-release dropping pills was 78.85%.The DSC analysis showed that the drug crystallization peak disappeared in the sustained-release dropping pills, and formed a solid dispersion.Conclusion: The preparation has good sustained-release effect, and the preparation process is simple.
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This study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of single-chain variable fragment of alpha fetopro-tein (scFv-AFP)in combination with doxorubicin on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Huh7.Huh7 cells were treated with different concentration of scFv-AFP or doxorubcin alone or their combi-nation.The inhibitory effects were detected by MTT assay,and cycle arrest and apoptosis of Huh7 cells were ana-lyzed by flow cytometry in different groups using PI and Annexin V /PI-staining respectively.Results showed that scFv-AFP,doxorubicin alone or in combinations dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of Huh7,and a syn-ergistic effect was observed in their combined action.The combination treatment resulted in significantly higher apoptosis than those in other groups (P <0.05).scFv-AFP (40 μg/mL)markedly blocked the Huh7 cell pro-gression by arresting the cells in the G0 /G1 phase,and the percentage of cells in S phase decreased dramatically (P <0.05);and scFv-AFP combined with doxorubicin blocked the Huh7 cell progression by arresting the cells in G2 /Mphase (P <0.01).
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Objective To evaluate the predictive effect of preoperative pressure-flow studies on the outcome of transurethral prostatectomy.Methods Sixty-three patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) were evaluated by using pressure-flow studies,international prostate symptom score,uroflowmetry,and residual urine volume before and 3 months after surgery.The patients were divided into 3 groups(obstruction equivocal and unobstruction) according to the grade of pressure-flow.The outcome of transurethral prostatectomy were analyzed in each group with detrusor contractility(weak or normal).Results Treatment outcome could be predicted by using the grade of benign prostatic obstruction and detrusor contractility.The sensitivity of which was 73.5%,with a specificity of 88.5% and positive predictive value of 96.2%.Conclusions Urodynamic studies provide great predictive value of option in transurethral prostatectomy.