Antitumor effects of redox-responsive nanoparticles containing platinum（Ⅳ）in ovarian cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objectives: To explore the antitumor effects of redox-responsive nanoparticles containing platinum(Ⅳ)-NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in ovarian cancer. Methods: Redox-responsive polymer carriers were synthesized. Polymer carriers and platinum(Ⅳ)-Pt(Ⅳ) can self-assemble into NP@Pt(Ⅳ). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed to detect the platinum release from NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in reducing environment and the platinum content in ovarian cancer cells ES2 treated with cisplatin, Pt(Ⅳ) and NP@Pt(Ⅳ). The proliferation ability of the ovarian cancer cells were detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Collection of primary ovarian cancer tissues from patients with primary high-grade serous ovarian cancer who were surgically treated at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October to December 2022. The high-grade serous ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice were intravenously injected with Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(Ⅳ) followed by in vivo imaging system. Mice were treated with PBS, cisplatin and NP@Pt(Ⅳ). Tumor volume and weight were measured in each group. Necrosis, apoptosis and cell proliferation of tumor tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, TUNEL fluorescence staining and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry staining. Body weight and HE staining of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of mice in each group were measured. Results: The platinum release of NP@Pt(Ⅳ) after 48 hours in reducing environment was 76.29%, which was significantly higher than that of 26.82% in non-reducing environment (P<0.001). The platinum content in ES2 cells after 4 hours and 7 hours of treatment with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) (308.59, 553.15 ng/million cells) were significantly higher than those of Pt(Ⅳ) (100.21, 180.31 ng/million cells) and cisplatin (43.36, 50.36 ng/million cells, P＜0.05). The half inhibitory concentrations of NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in ovarian cancer cells ES2, A2780, A2780DDP were 1.39, 1.42 and 4.62 μmol/L, respectively, which were lower than those of Pt(IV) (2.89, 7.27, and 16.74 μmol/L) and cisplatin (5.21, 11.85, and 71.98 μmol/L). The apoptosis rate of ES2 cells treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) was (33.91±3.80)%, which was significantly higher than that of Pt(Ⅳ) [(16.28±2.41)%] and cisplatin [(15.01±1.17)%, P＜0.05]. In high-grade serous ovarian cancer PDX model, targeted accumulation of Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(Ⅳ) at tumor tissue could be observed. After the treatment, the tumor volume of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (130±98) mm3, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1 349±161) mm3, P<0.001] and cisplatin group [(715±293) mm3, P=0.026]. The tumor weight of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (0.17±0.09)g, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1.55±0.11)g, P<0.001] and cisplatin group [(0.82±0.38)g, P=0.029]. The areas of tumor necrosis and apoptosis in mice treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) were higher than those in mice treated with cisplatin. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that there were low expressions of Ki-67 at tumor tissues of mice treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) compared with cisplatin. The change in body weight of mice in NP@Pt(Ⅳ) group was not significantly different from that of the control group [(18.56±2.04)g vs.(20.87±0.79)g, P=0.063]. Moreover, the major organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were also normal by HE staining. Conclusion: Redox-responsive NP@Pt(Ⅳ), produced in this study can enhance the accumulation of cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells and improve the efficacy of ovarian cancer chemotherapy.

Antitumor effects of redox-responsive nanoparticles containing platinum（Ⅳ）in ovarian cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objectives: To explore the antitumor effects of redox-responsive nanoparticles containing platinum(Ⅳ)-NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in ovarian cancer. Methods: Redox-responsive polymer carriers were synthesized. Polymer carriers and platinum(Ⅳ)-Pt(Ⅳ) can self-assemble into NP@Pt(Ⅳ). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed to detect the platinum release from NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in reducing environment and the platinum content in ovarian cancer cells ES2 treated with cisplatin, Pt(Ⅳ) and NP@Pt(Ⅳ). The proliferation ability of the ovarian cancer cells were detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Collection of primary ovarian cancer tissues from patients with primary high-grade serous ovarian cancer who were surgically treated at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October to December 2022. The high-grade serous ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice were intravenously injected with Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(Ⅳ) followed by in vivo imaging system. Mice were treated with PBS, cisplatin and NP@Pt(Ⅳ). Tumor volume and weight were measured in each group. Necrosis, apoptosis and cell proliferation of tumor tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, TUNEL fluorescence staining and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry staining. Body weight and HE staining of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of mice in each group were measured. Results: The platinum release of NP@Pt(Ⅳ) after 48 hours in reducing environment was 76.29%, which was significantly higher than that of 26.82% in non-reducing environment (P<0.001). The platinum content in ES2 cells after 4 hours and 7 hours of treatment with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) (308.59, 553.15 ng/million cells) were significantly higher than those of Pt(Ⅳ) (100.21, 180.31 ng/million cells) and cisplatin (43.36, 50.36 ng/million cells, P＜0.05). The half inhibitory concentrations of NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in ovarian cancer cells ES2, A2780, A2780DDP were 1.39, 1.42 and 4.62 μmol/L, respectively, which were lower than those of Pt(IV) (2.89, 7.27, and 16.74 μmol/L) and cisplatin (5.21, 11.85, and 71.98 μmol/L). The apoptosis rate of ES2 cells treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) was (33.91±3.80)%, which was significantly higher than that of Pt(Ⅳ) [(16.28±2.41)%] and cisplatin [(15.01±1.17)%, P＜0.05]. In high-grade serous ovarian cancer PDX model, targeted accumulation of Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(Ⅳ) at tumor tissue could be observed. After the treatment, the tumor volume of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (130±98) mm3, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1 349±161) mm3, P<0.001] and cisplatin group [(715±293) mm3, P=0.026]. The tumor weight of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (0.17±0.09)g, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1.55±0.11)g, P<0.001] and cisplatin group [(0.82±0.38)g, P=0.029]. The areas of tumor necrosis and apoptosis in mice treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) were higher than those in mice treated with cisplatin. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that there were low expressions of Ki-67 at tumor tissues of mice treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) compared with cisplatin. The change in body weight of mice in NP@Pt(Ⅳ) group was not significantly different from that of the control group [(18.56±2.04)g vs.(20.87±0.79)g, P=0.063]. Moreover, the major organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were also normal by HE staining. Conclusion: Redox-responsive NP@Pt(Ⅳ), produced in this study can enhance the accumulation of cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells and improve the efficacy of ovarian cancer chemotherapy.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and cancer associated fibroblasts jointly generate chemo-resistance and affect prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) jointly generate chemo-resistance in epithelial-ovarian cancer and their effect on prognosis. Methods: A total of 119 patients with high-grade ovarian serous cancer who received surgery in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September 2009 to October 2017 were collected. The clinico-pathological data and follow-up data were complete. Multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors. Ovarian cancer tissue chips of patients in our hospital were prepared. EnVision two-step method immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression levels of STAT3, the specific markers of CAF activation, fibroblast activating protein (FAP), and type Ⅰ collagen (COL1A1) secreted by CAF. The relationship between the expression of STAT3, FAP, COL1A1 protein and drug resistance and prognosis of ovarian cancer patients was analyzed, and the correlation between the expression of three proteins was analyzed. These results were verified through the gene expression and prognostic information of human ovarian cancer tissues collected in the GSE26712 dataset of gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Results: (1) Multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that chemotherapy resistance was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) of ovarian cancer (P<0.001). (2) The expression levels of STAT3, FAP, and COL1A1 proteins in chemotherapy resistant patients were significantly higher than those in chemotherapy sensitive patients (all P<0.05). Patients with high expression of STAT3, FAP, and COL1A1 had significantly shorter OS than those with low expression (all P<0.05). According to the human ovarian cancer GSE26712 dataset of GEO database, patients with high expression of STAT3, FAP, and COL1A1 also showed shorter OS than patients with low expression (all P<0.05), the verification results were consistent with the detection results of ovarian cancer patients in our hospital. (3) Correlation analysis showed that the protein level of STAT3 was positively correlated with FAP and COL1A1 in our hospital's ovarian cancer tissue chips (r=0.47, P<0.001; r=0.30, P=0.006), the analysis of GEO database GSE26712 dataset showed that the expression of STAT3 gene and FAP, COL1A1 gene were also significantly positively correlated (r=0.31, P<0.001; r=0.52, P<0.001). Conclusion: STAT3 and CAF could promote chemotherapy resistance of ovarian cancer and lead to poor prognosis.

Analysis of serum protein electrophoresis results in patients with acute brucellosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To understand the results of serum protein electrophoresis in patients with acute brucellosis, and to provide objective indicators for clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute brucellosis patients.Methods:Thirty acute brucellosis patients diagnosed by the Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Donghe District, Baotou City from January to June 2021 were selected as the case group, and 30 local healthy persons who took physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Blood samples were collected from the two groups of people, serum was separated and serum protein electrophoresis was performed. Independent sample t-tests were used to compare total protein concentrations, protein fractions (albumin, α1-globulin, α2-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin) and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. Results:The age of patients in the case group was (52.35 ± 6.74) years old, with 25 males and 5 females. The course of the disease ranged from 0.3 to 2.6 months, with an average of 1.78 months. The age of people in the control group was (52.74 ± 5.47) years old, with 25 males and 5 females. There were no statistically significant difference in age and sex distuibution between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The concentrations of total protein and α2-globulin fractions were not significantly different between the two groups ( t = 0.78, 2.04, P > 0.05, respectively). Compared with the control group, the differences in the percentage of albumin, α1-globulin, β-globulin, γ-globulin in total protein and A/G ratio were statistically significant ( t = 4.78, 4.76, 2.89, 2.20, 3.65, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The percentage of serum albumin in total protein and A/G ratio decrease in patients with acute brucellosis, while the percentage of α1-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin in total protein increase. The percentage of albumin, α1-globulin, β-globulin, γ-globulin in total protein and A/G ratio can be uesed as objective indicators for clinical treatment of acute brucellosis.

Basic Research Progress and Thinking of Acupuncture Treatment for Primary Dysmenorrhea / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The mechanism of acupuncture in treating primary dysmenorrhea(PD)in rats was reviewed.The research on the mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of PD involves endocrine,nervous,immune,metabolic and other aspects.However,the basic research did not actively pay attention to the clinical problems encountered in the treatment of PD by acupuncture and moxibustion,including the rule of point selection and the correlation mechanism between acupoints and uterus in the treatment of PD by acupuncture and moxibustion,the key technical parameters of the treatment of PD by acupuncture and moxibustion and the rule of the action of acupuncture and moxibustion.The basic research of acupuncture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea should pay attention to translational medicine.

Divergent chondro/osteogenic transduction laws of fibrocartilage stem cell drive temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in growing mice / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

The anterior disc displacement (ADD) leads to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) and mandibular growth retardation in adolescents. To investigate the potential functional role of fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) during the process, a surgical ADD-TMJOA mouse model was established. From 1 week after model generation, ADD mice exhibited aggravated mandibular growth retardation with osteoarthritis (OA)-like joint cartilage degeneration, manifesting with impaired chondrogenic differentiation and loss of subchondral bone homeostasis. Lineage tracing using Gli1-CreER+; Tmfl/-mice and Sox9-CreER+;Tmfl/-mice showed that ADD interfered with the chondrogenic capacity of Gli1+ FCSCs as well as osteogenic differentiation of Sox9+ lineage, mainly in the middle zone of TMJ cartilage. Then, a surgically induced disc reposition (DR) mouse model was generated. The inhibited FCSCs capacity was significantly alleviated by DR treatment in ADD mice. And both the ADD mice and adolescent ADD patients had significantly relieved OA phenotype and improved condylar growth after DR treatment. In conclusion, ADD-TMJOA leads to impaired chondrogenic progenitor capacity and osteogenesis differentiation of FCSCs lineage, resulting in cartilage degeneration and loss of subchondral bone homeostasis, finally causing TMJ growth retardation. DR at an early stage could significantly alleviate cartilage degeneration and restore TMJ cartilage growth potential.

Hammock-shaped capsular flaps in repair of the bottoming-out and double-bubble deformity of augmentation mammaplasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To introduce a novel method to repair bottoming-out and double-bubble deformity after augmentation mammaplasty with a hammock-shaped capsular flap, and to evaluate its clinical effect of the related complications.Methods:From 2015 to 2019, a total of 16 patients (aged range from 23 to years, with average age of 33.4 years) were treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Mylike Cosmetic Hospital. We performed a novel hammock-shaped capsular flap with periareolar incision. First of all, the periprosthetic capsule was widely separated from the lower pole of the breasts. Then the inframammary folds were anchored to the chest wall to eliminate the excess the cavity. Finally, the capsular flaps were raised up from both anterior and posterior leaf and resutured by fold tile shaped suture, in order to elevate the inframammary folds in aesthetic revision.Results:Only one case showed mild hematoma and healed after treatment. After 6 months follow-up, all the inframammary folds were elevated to the ideal position, and the double-bubble deformity was corrected with concealed scars and satisfactory shape and symmetry. Meanwhile, recurrent cases and capsule contraction were not observed.Conclusions:For patients with bottoming-out and double-bubble complications after augmentation mammaplasty, the use of hammock-shaped capsular flap can effectively revise the deformation. This technical refinement seems to afford stable outcomes with convenient operation and minor injury and produce satisfactorily clinical effects with fewer complications.

The protective effect of hesperidin on injury induced by glucolipotoxicity in islet beta cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective effect of hesperidin (HSD) on the injury of mouse pancreatic beta cells induced by high glucose and fatty acid and the underlying mechanism. Methods MIN6 cells were treated with high glucose and fatty acid after pretreatment of HSD. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining were used to determine the proliferation and apoptosis of MIN6 cells. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax. RT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). ELISA was used to test the insulin secretion of pancreatic islets. Results High glucose and fatty acid decreased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, increased the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β and inhibited the insulin secretion of mouse pancreatic islets. After pretreatment of HSD, the cell viability and Bcl-2/Bax ratio of MIN6 increased, the expressions of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β decreased, and the insulin secretion of mouse pancreatic islets increased. Conclusions HSD could resist the apoptosis of mouse pancreatic islet B cell line MIN6 induced by high fat and high glucose, reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors and improve the insulin secretion of pancreatic islets.

Application of artificial intelligence to mental healthcare in primary and middle schools / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Mental health services in primary and middle schools are facing multiple challenges, including dramatic increase in mental health support, low rate of mental health screening, high vigilance against psychological therapies, and lack of initiatives among students. The interdisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and psychology in China, combined with biosensors, language recognition, blood spectrum sensing, and counseling big data, has pointed to a novel mental health service model. This new model, incorporating human computer interaction and objective algorithm, fits the contemporary students characteristics. Through monitoring real time physiological status, regulating emotional responses, and modifying cognitive modes, AI to mental health services can work effectively in mental health screening and counseling in primary and middle schools. It may become an innovative approach to build artificial intelligence for mental health service in schools.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pediatric Meningiomas / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To analyze the radiological features of idiopathic pediatric meningiomas and explore their relationships with pathological grading,misdiagnoses,and blood loss during surgery.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 29 cases of pathologically confirmed pediatric meningiomas with pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from November 2014 to July 2018.We assessed the imaging features to explore their relationships with pathological grading,misdiagnoses,and blood loss during surgery. Results Among the 29 cases,7 intraparenchymal meningiomas,5 extraparenchymal meningiomas,4 ventricular meningiomas,and 1 transcranial meningioma were misdiagnosed.Tumor location was significantly associated with possibility of misdiagnoses(

A preliminary study on B-mode ultrasonic evaluation of muscle recovery after functional gracilis muscle transplantation / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To investigate the value of the B-mode ultrasound method for muscle recovery after transplantation.Methods From January,2009 to January,2014,35 patients of functioning free gracilis muscle transplantation for brachial plexus injury were involved.Using B-mode ultrasound to determine the cross-sectional area (CSA) of transplanted gracilismuscle at rest and contraction state.The contraction ratio (CR) and the muscle bulk ratio (MBR) was calculated based on the CSA.Then the CR and MBR were analysised statistically with manual muscle strength and joint range of motion (ROM) to investigate the correlation.Results The followed-up time was 8-24 months,averaged of 22.4 months.The CR of the transplated muscle was (1.23±0.15),which was significantly correlated with muscle strength and joint ROM (P＜0.01,r=0.872,r=0.847,respectively).CR of transplanted muscle with or larger than M4 was greater than that of less than M4 [CR were (1.35±0.10),(1.09±0.06),respectively],and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The MBR was greater than 1 in 17 cases,and less than 1 in 18 cases.There was no significant correlation between MBR and muscle strength and ROM (P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in muscle strength and ROM between patients with MBR greater than 1 and those with MBR less than 1 (P=0.054,P=0.284,respectively).Conclusion The transplanted muscle recovery can be quantitatively reflected by the CR.CR enlargement of the transplanted gracilis muscle indicated a better recovery of muscle contraction function.MBR is not suitable for evaluating function recovery of transplanted muscles.

The clinical significance of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in the patients with acute and chronic brucellosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective The concentrations of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines were compared in acute and chronic patients with brucellosis in order to understand the immune characteristics of acute and chronic brucellosis. Methods Using forward-looking design, 35 acute and 35 chronic patients with brucellosis were selected before treatment from the Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Center of Wulanchabu City as the research subjects with 25 local healthy persons as the healthy control group from March to June 2018. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine the serum levels of Th1 cell cytokines interferon-γ(IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-12 (IL-12); Th2 cell cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10);and Th17 cell cytokines interleukin-17 (IL-17). Results There were totally 25 patients in the control group, aged (46.48 ± 9.74) years, 15 males and 10 females;35 patients with acute brucellosis, aged(54.00 ± 7.65) years, 23 males and 12 females; and 35 patients with chronic brucellosis, aged (49.04 ± 8.24) years, 22 males and 13 females. The means of IFN-γ[(280.50 ± 40.48), (462.79 ± 47.94), (431.91 ± 40.39) ng/L], TNF-α[(292.17 ± 31.45), (481.21 ± 43.14), (433.70 ± 41.23) ng/L], IL-12 [(45.13 ± 5.55), (70.74 ± 7.58), (62.56 ± 5.73) ng/L], IL-4 [(383.24 ± 53.98), (606.11 ± 51.86), (550.66 ± 51.56) ng/L], IL-6 [(14.48 ± 2.17), (23.54 ± 2.39), (21.89 ± 2.26) ng/L], IL-10 [(140.48 ± 110.97), (464.49 ± 52.10), (404.73 ± 52.10) ng/L], and IL-17 [(13.71 ± 1.58), (23.79 ± 2.15), (21.37 ± 2.26) ng/L] were significantly different between control group, acute brucellosis group and chronic brucellosis group (F = 126.13, 152.58, 106.81, 139.28, 113.80, 155.86, 152.91, P < 0.05). Compared to control group, the levels of the seven cytokines in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis groups were significantly increased before treatment (P < 0.05). The levels of all of the seven cytokines in acute brucellosis group were significantly increased compared to chronic brucellosis group before treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusions There is a difference in the expression of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis group. In the acute brucellosis group, the cell immunity induced by Th1 cells and the humoral immunity guided by Th2 cells are stronger than those in chronic brucellosis group.

Comparison of bone resorption-related cytokines in acute and chronic brucellosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective@#To observe interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in acute and chronic brucellosis before and after antibiotics treatment in order to assess the bone resorption.@*Methods@#Using group design, 36 acute and 36 chronic brucellosis before antibiotics treatment, and 36 acute and 36 chronic brucellosis after antibiotics treatment from the Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Center of Ulanqab City were selected as the research subjects, with 25 local healthy persons as the healthy control group from January to April 2017. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine the serum levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis and control groups before and after antibiotics treatment.@*Results@#The means of IL-6 [(23.19 ± 2.51), (21.93 ± 2.27), (14.52 ± 2.08) ng/L], IL-17 [(23.55 ± 2.24), (21.43 ± 2.44), (13.69 ± 1.85) ng/L], and TNF-α [(478.97 ± 47.11), (434.67 ± 42.11), (290.19 ± 34.67) ng/L] were significantly different in the acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis and control groups before antibiotics treatment (F= 113.91, 152.88, 153.49, P < 0.01); compared to control group, the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis groups were significantly increased before antibiotics treatment (P < 0.05); the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis group were significantly increased compared to those of chronic brucellosis group before antibiotics treatment (P < 0.05). The means of IL-6 [(17.83 ± 2.31), (18.45 ± 2.15), (14.52 ± 2.08) ng/L], IL-17 [(17.58 ± 2.21), (18.56 ± 2.29), (13.69 ± 1.85) ng/L], and TNF-α [(370.73 ± 41.04), (375.46 ± 44.61), (290.19 ± 34.67) ng/L] were significantly different in the acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis and control groups after antibiotics treatment (F=25.94, 39.96, 38.30, P < 0.01); compared to the control group, the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis groups were significantly increased after antibiotics treatment (P < 0.05); the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis group were not significantly different compared to those of the chronic brucellosis group after antibiotics treatment (P > 0.05).@*Conclusions@#This study shows that before antibiotics treatment, the bone resorption-related cytokines IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α of acute brucellosis are higher than those of chronic brucellosis. Antibiotic treatment can significantly reduce their levels and may affect bone resorption in patients with brucellosis.

Comparison of bone resorption-related cytokines in acute and chronic brucellosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To observe interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels in acute and chronic brucellosis before and after antibiotics treatment in order to assess the bone resorption. Methods Using group design, 36 acute and 36 chronic brucellosis before antibiotics treatment, and 36 acute and 36 chronic brucellosis after antibiotics treatment from the Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Center of Ulanqab City were selected as the research subjects, with 25 local healthy persons as the healthy control group from January to April 2017. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine the serum levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis and control groups before and after antibiotics treatment. Results The means of IL-6 [(23.19 ± 2.51), (21.93 ± 2.27), (14.52 ± 2.08) ng/L], IL-17 [(23.55 ± 2.24), (21.43 ± 2.44), (13.69 ± 1.85) ng/L], and TNF-α [(478.97 ± 47.11), (434.67 ± 42.11), (290.19 ± 34.67) ng/L] were significantly different in the acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis and control groups before antibiotics treatment (F = 113.91, 152.88, 153.49, P < 0.01); compared to control group, the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF -α in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis groups were significantly increased before antibiotics treatment (P < 0.05); the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis group were significantly increased compared to those of chronic brucellosis group before antibiotics treatment (P < 0.05). The means of IL-6 [(17.83 ± 2.31), (18.45 ± 2.15), (14.52 ± 2.08) ng/L], IL-17 [(17.58 ± 2.21), (18.56 ± 2.29), (13.69 ± 1.85) ng/L], and TNF-α[(370.73 ± 41.04), (375.46 ± 44.61), (290.19 ± 34.67) ng/L] were significantly different in the acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis and control groups after antibiotics treatment (F = 25.94, 39.96, 38.30, P < 0.01); compared to the control group, the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis groups were significantly increased after antibiotics treatment (P < 0.05); the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in acute brucellosis group were not significantly different compared to those of the chronic brucellosis group after antibiotics treatment (P > 0.05). Conclusions This study shows that before antibiotics treatment, the bone resorption-related cytokines IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α of acute brucellosis are higher than those of chronic brucellosis. Antibiotic treatment can significantly reduce their levels and may affect bone resorption in patients with brucellosis.

Clinical significance of cytokine changes in acute and chronic brucellosis before and during treatment / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To observe the levels of peripheral blood cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ)and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis before and during treatment,and to understand the differences of two immunocytokines in acute and chronic stage of brucellosis,and the effect of antibacterial therapy on these two cytokines to provide immunological basis for clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effect of brucellosis.Methods Research subjects were 36 pre-treatment acute brucellosis and 36 pre-treatment chronic brucellosis and 36 dur-treatment acute brucellosis and 36 dur-treatment chronic brucellosis,which were selected from Ulanqab Center for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control of Jining City with 25 local healthy persons as healthy controls.The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis and control group before and during treatment.Parameters of IFN-γ and IL-4 were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA analysis in pre-treatment and dur-treatment acute brucellosis,chronic brucellosis and control groups.Results The means of IFN-γ [(462.79 ± 47.94),(431.92 ± 40.39),(280.50 ± 40.48) ng/L] and IL-4 [(606.11 ± 51.86),(550.66 ± 51.56),(383.24 ± 53.98) ng/L] were significantly different in the three groups before treatment (F =141.84,139.28,P ＜ 0.05);Compared to control group,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis were significantly increased before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of IFN-γand IL-4 in the acute brucellosis were significantly increased compared to those of chronic brucellosis before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).After about ten days antibiotic therapy,the means of IFN-γ [(356.05 ± 43.75),(368.61 ± 35.69),(280.50 ± 40.48) ng/L] and IL-4 [(487.31 ± 51.59),(496.73 ± 48.70),(383.24 ± 53.98) ng/L] were significantly different in the three groups (F =39.57,41.99,P ＜ 0.05).Compared to control group,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in acute brucellosis and chronic brucellosis were significantly increased during treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of IFN-γand IL-4 in the acute brucellosis were not significantly different compared to those of chronic brucellosis during treatment (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Different immunological characteristics of cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis before treatment have affected the therapeutic effect and clinical outcomes.

Clinical observation of Zhen'ai needling method in Nei Jing (Classic of Internal Medicine) on improving quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the effect of Zhen'ai needling method in Nei Jing (Classic of Internal Medicine) on quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).Methods:A total of 99 patients with AR who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into a conventional needling group (51 cases) and a Zhen'ai needling group (48 cases).The conventional needling group was treated with acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36),Hegu (LI 4),Juliao (ST 3),Yingxiang (LI 20),Yintang (GV 29),Shangxing (GV 23) and Baihui (GV 20).The Zhen'ai needling group added acupoints of Zhen'ai needling method {Lieque (LU 7),Shanglianquan [Extra,located at 1 cun above Lianquan (CV 23)] and Tianrong (SI 17)} in addition to points in the conventional needling group.The needles were retained for 30 min.The treatment was performed twice a week.All patients were assessed by total nasal symptom score (TNSS),total ocular symptom score (TOSS) and sino-nasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20) before and after 15 treatments to evaluate the quality of life.The clinical efficacy was evaluated after 15 treatments.Results:During the treatment,8 cases dropped out in the conventional needling group and 7 cases in the Zhen'ai needling group.There were no significant differences in TNSS,TOSS and SNOT-20 scores between the two groups before treatment (all P＞0.05).After treatment,the total effective rate of the Zhen'ai needling group was 92.7％,versus 88.4％ in the conventional needling group.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences between the two groups in TNSS and TOSS scores (both P＞0.05).The SNOT-20 score of the Zhen'ai needling group was lower than that of the conventional needling group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There were statistical differences between the two groups in the scores of cough and nasal reflux (to the throat) of the NOT-20 scale (both P＜0.05).Conclusion:Both Zhen'ai needling method and conventional acupuncture are effective in the treatment of AR.Zhen'ai needling method has a better effect than conventional acupuncture in improving cough and nasal reflux (to the throat) in AR patients.

Initial Factors Influencing Duration of Hospital Stay in Adult Patients With Peritonsillar Abscess

OBJECTIVES: To review cases of peritonsillar abscess and investigate the initial clinical factors that may influence the duration of hospitalization. To determine the predictive factors of prolonged hospital stay in adult patients with peritonsillar abscess. METHODS: Subjects were adults hospitalized with peritonsillar abscess. We retrospectively reviewed 377 medical records from 1990 to 2013 in a tertiary medical center in southern Taiwan. The association between clinical characteristics and the length of hospital stay was analyzed with independent t-test, univariate linear regression and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean duration of hospitalization was 6.2±6.0 days. With univariate linear regression, a prolonged hospital stay was associated with several variables, including female gender, older ages, nonsmoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, band forms in white blood cell (WBC) counts, and lower hemoglobin levels. With multiple linear regression analysis, four independent predictors of hospital stay were noted: years of age (P<0.001), history of diabetes mellitus (P<0.001), ratio of band form WBC (P<0.001), and hemoglobin levels (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: In adult patients with peritonsillar abscess, older ages, history of diabetes mellitus, band forms in WBC counts and lower hemoglobin levels were independent predictors of longer hospitalization.

Whole-genome expression analysis of synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To identify the crucial gene implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis by comparing microarray-based gene expression profiles of synovial fibroblast in arthritis patients and that in control.Methods The public datasets were obtained from NCBI GEO and EBI ArrayExpress.The qualified microarray-based gene expression profiles were integrated and normalized using the method implemented in GeneSpring software.Furthermore,the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) method.The online tool DAVID and STRING were applied to conduct the enrichment analysis and gene product interaction analysis respectively.Results There were two datasets that were qualified and analyzed in the present study.A total of 336 significant DEGs were identified by comparing the whole-genome gene expression profiles from synovial fibroblast of RA patients and control group.Among these DEGs,261 were significantly downregulated and 75 upregulated.About 13.6％ of the downregulated genes were associated with extracellular matrix degradation.The COL9A3 and COL4A5,indispensable component of hyaline cartilage and basement membrane respectively,were significantly downregulated,as well as genes in WNT family,including WNT2,WNT11,and WNT16.In contrast,matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) was found to be significantly upregulated in RA patients.MMP13 is a matrix metallopeptidase that degrade extracellular matrix and hyaline cartilage,and it could possibly interact with other proteins to regulate morphogenesis.Conclusion Molecular mechanisms underlying RA pathogenesis were investigated by analyzing the public datasets.A few genes that associated with extracellular matrix degradation,construction and regulation,including MMP13,WNT2,WNT11,WNT16,COL9A3 and COL4A5,could be regarded as therapeutic targets in RA treatment.

Effect of Jia-Yan-Kang-Tai on Th1/Th2 Immune Cell Imbalance in Rats with Autoimmune Thyroiditis / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to explore the mechanism of Jia-Yan-Kang-Tai (JYKT) on Th1/Th2 immune cell imbalance in rats with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT).A total of 40 Lewis rats were made into AIT rat model.Six week later,AIT rats were randomly divided into the model group,low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose JYKT group,with 10 rats in each group.Intragastric administration of deionized water,0.708 g· kg-1,1.417 g· kg-1 and 2.834 g· kg-1 JYKT was given to rats in each group,respectively for 8 consecutive weeks.Serum TgAb and TPOAb were detected.The ratio of Th1 cell,Th2 cell and Th1/Th2 was measured.Contents of IL-4,IL-5,IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-1oα in plasma were detected.The pathology of thyroid tissues was observed by HE dyeing.The protein expressions of IFN-γ and IL-4 in thyroid tissues were observed under immunohistochemical staining.The results showed that high-dose JYKT group can reduce the level of TPOAb and TGAb,the incidence of thyroiditis,the ratio of Th1 cell,Th2 cell and Th1/Th2;decrease contents of IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-1α,IL-4 and IL-5 in plasma;reduce the protein expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in thyroid tissues.It was concluded that JYKT was able to suppress thyroid autoantibodies of AIT rats,which may be related to the regulation of cytokine level and Th 1/Th2 immune cell imbalance.

Study on therapeutic effects of arthroscopic repair on medial patellar retinaculum acute injury / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To accurately define the injury position of medial patellar retinaculum with acute injury under the guiding of high frequency ultrasonography, and to study therapeutic effects of suture operation on medial patellar retinaculum in the injuried position.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2009 to March 2014, there were 17 patients with acute patellar dislocation, 6 males and 11 females with average age of (16.2±6.2) years old. The duration time of patellar dislocation was 2 weeks. Before operation, the medial patellar retinaculum of all patients were examined with the high frequency ultrasonography, and the skin with the non-continuous fiber was iudicated as the surface mark under the high frequency ultrasonography. The injury position of medial retinaculum was in the middle of 5 patients who were treated with suture operation of arthroscopic medial retinaculum. The injury position was in the patellar edge in 12 patients who were treated with fixing bone anchor on patella and arthroscopic suture operation of medial retinaculum. The CT examination and Kujala scores, patellar tilt angle on CT film, measured maximal angles of passive or active knee flexion and apprehension test were observed before treatment and postoperative 18 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighteen months after treatment, Kujala scores were 92.2±11.1 and patellar tilt angle were(11.5±4.2) °, and there was no statistical difference between post-operation and pre-operation. The difference between maximal angles of passive knee flexion(133.5±4.2) ° and normal had no statistically significance. Maximal angles of active knee flexion were(153.5±4.6) °. Ultrasonography showed the continuous fiber of medial retinaculum. A patient showed positive apprehension test and no patient had the recurrence patella instability after operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The injury position of medial patellar retinaculum was accurately shown by high frequency ultrasonography and treated with arthroscopic suture operation. Knee immobilization time after operation was shorten. Eighteen months after operation, knee joint function was good, and no patient had the recurrence patella instability.</p>