ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of homemade adjustable mirabilite vest in patients with severe acute pancreatitis and supply reference for clinical nursing.Methods:This was a randomized controlled study. One hundred patients with acute severe pancreatitis admitted to Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected, and were divided into the pocket group and the vest group according to the order of admission with 50 cases in each group. The pocket group used traditional mirabilite bag for external application, the vest group used adjustable mirabilite vest for external application. The other treatment measures were the same for both two group. The comfort degree, itching severity and average length of hospital stay of these two groups were compared.Results:The basic data of the two groups were homogeneous. The difference were not statistically significant( P>0.05). After intervention, the comfort degree of the pocket group was (65.90 ± 7.95) points while the comfort degree of the vest group was (77.04 ± 5.96) points. The difference was statistically significant ( t = 7.93, P<0.01). The degree of pruritus was (12.72 ± 3.95) points in the pocket group and (8.00 ± 1.20) points in the vest group.The difference was statistically significant ( t = 8.08, P<0.05). The mean length of hospital stay in the pocket group was (15.86 ± 5.83) days and (11.02 ± 3.38) days in the vest group. The difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.08, P<0.01). Conclusions:When using topical mirabilite for patients with acute severe pancreatitis, the use of adjustable mirabilite vest can significantly improve patients′ comfort, reduce itching, and reduce the number of hospital days, which has the value of promotion and use.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To evaluate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on microglial activation during oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury.@*Methods@#N9 microglia were inoculated in 96-well culture plates at a density of 104 cells/well for 3-5 days and divided into 3 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), group OGD/R and DHA+ OGD/R group. The cells were cultured for 24 h in an incubator at 37 ℃ (95% air-5% CO2) in group C. In OGD/R and DHA groups, the culture medium was replaced by glucose-free culture medium, the cells were cultured for 12 h in an incubator at 37 ℃ (95% N2-5% CO2), and then cells were returned to the normal culture medium and cultured for 24 h in an incubator at 37 ℃ (95% air-5% CO2) to establish the OGD/R injury model. The cells in group DHA were incubated with 25 μmol/L DHA at 12 h before OGD/R. The cell viability was detected using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured by using chemical colorimetric method, activated microglia were counted by immunofluorescence staining, the expression of microglia activation marker iba-1 was detected by Western blot, and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-4 and IL-10 in culture medium were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.@*Results@#Compared with the group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the LDH activity was increased, the number of activated microglia was increased, and the expression of iba-1 was up-regulated in OGD/R and DHA+ OGD/R groups, the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased in group OGD/R, and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased in group DHA+ OGD/R (P<0.05). Compared with group OGD/R, the cell viability was significantly increased, the LDH activity was decreased, the number of activated microglia was decreased, the expression of iba-1 was down-regulated, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were decreased, and IL-4 and IL-10 concentrations were increased in group DHA (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The mechanism by which DHA reduces OGD/R injury may be related to inhibiting activation of microglia and to reducing inflammatory responses.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on microglial activation during oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury.Methods N9 microglia were inoculated in 96-well culture plates at a density of 104 cells/well for 3-5 days and divided into 3 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),group OGD/R and DHA+OGD/R group.The cells were cultured for 24 h in an incubator at 37 ℃ (95％ air-5％ CO2) in group C.In OGD/R and DHA groups,the culture medium was replaced by glucose-free culture medium,the cells were cultured for 12 h in an incubator at 37 ℃ (95％ N2-5％ CO2),and then cells were returned to the normal culture medium and cultured for 24 h in an incubator at 37 ℃ (95％ air-5％ CO2) to establish the OGD/R injury model.The cells in group DHA were incubated with 25 μmol/L DHA at 12 h before OGD/R.The cell viability was detected using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay,the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)was measured by using chemical colorimetric method,activated microglia were counted by immunofluorescence staining,the expression of microglia activation marker iba-1 was detected by Western blot,and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-4 and IL-10 in culture medium were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with the group C,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the LDH activity was increased,the number of activated microglia was increased,and the expression of iba-1 was up-regulated in OGD/R and DHA+OGD/R groups,the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased in group OGD/R,and the concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased in group DHA+OGD/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group OGD/R,the cell viability was significantly increased,the LDH activity was decreased,the number of activated microglia was decreased,the expression of iba-1 was down-regulated,TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were decreased,and IL-4 and IL-10 concentrations were increased in group DHA (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which DHA reduces OGD/R injury may be related to inhibiting activation of microglia and to reducing inflammatory responses.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the role of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 ( EAAT2) in can-nabinoid receptor 2 ( CB2 receptor) activation-induced attenuation of microglial injury caused by glutamate. Methods N9 microglial cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=26 each) using a random number table meth-od: control group ( group Con) , glutamate group ( group Glu) , CB2 receptor agonist AM1241 plus gluta-mate group (group AM1241+Glu) and AM1241 plus EAAT inhibitor TBOA plus glutamate group (group AM1241+TBOA+Glu) . The cells were routinely cultured for 30 h in group Con. In group Glu, the cells were routinely cultured for 6 h, and then were incubated for 24 h in the culture medium containing gluta-mate 10 mmol∕L. In group AM1241+Glu, the cells were incubated for 4 h in the culture medium containing AM12412 μmol∕L, and then were routinely cultured for 2 h, and then were incubated for 24 h in the cul-ture medium containing glutamate 10 mmol∕L. In group AM1241+TBOA+Glu, the cells were incubated for 4 h in the culture medium containing AM12412 μmol∕L and TBOA 100 μmol∕L, and then were routinely cultured for 2 h, and then were incubated for 24 h in the culture medium containing glutamate 10 mmol∕L. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay, the activity of lactic dehydrogenase ( LDH) in supernatant was determined using colorimetric method, and the expression of EAAT2 was determined by Western blot. Results Compared with group Con, the cell viability was significantly decreased and LDH activity was in-creased in Glu, AM1241+Glu and AM1241+TBOA+Glu groups, and the expression of EAAT2 was signifi-cantly up-regulated in Glu and AM1241+Glu groups ( P<0. 05) . Compared with group Glu, the cell viabil-ity was significantly increased, LDH activity was decreased, and the expression of EAAT2 was up-regulated in group AM1241+Glu ( P<0. 05) , and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group AM1241+TBOA+Glu ( P>0. 05) . Compared with group AM1241+Glu, the cell viability was sig-nificantly decreased, LDH activity was increased, and the expression of EAAT2 was down-regulated in group AM1241+TBOA+Glu ( P<0. 05) . Conclusion The mechanism by which the activation of CB2 re-ceptor attenuates microglial injury caused by glutamate is related to up-regulating the expression of EAAT2.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the potentiality of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique for the differntiation of wild and cultivated Ginseng.Methods: DNA templated were extracted from wild and cultivated Ginseng of the crude drugs that were identified by morphology, and RAPD technique was applied to produce electrophoresis pattern. Results: Among the 80 primers screened, one was able to generate reproducible band, characteristic RAPD marker band which was unique to each of wild Ginseng samples was identified. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that RAPD marker technique could effectively authenicate wild and cultivated Ginseng samples.