ABSTRACT
This case report describes the orthodontic treatment performed for open bite caused by internal derangement (ID) and osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A Japanese woman, aged 31 years and 11 months, referred to our department by an oral surgeon had an open bite with clockwise rotation of the mandible and degeneration of the condyle. The overbite was corrected through intrusion of the maxillary and mandibular molars using mini-screw implants to induce counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Then, the mandibular second premolars were extracted and comprehensive orthodontic treatment was performed to establish a Class I molar relationship with distalization of the maxillary arch and to eliminate anterior crowding. Following treatment, her facial profile improved and a functional and stable occlusion was achieved without recurrence of the TMJ symptoms. These results suggest that orthodontic intrusion of the molars is one of the safer and less stressful alternatives for the management of open bite due to degeneration of the condyles caused by ID and OA of TMJ.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Asian People , Bicuspid , Crowding , Mandible , Molar , Open Bite , Osteoarthritis , Overbite , Recurrence , Temporomandibular JointABSTRACT
In the present study, we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, which comprises EGFR/ErbB1, HER2/ErbB2, HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia (LP). The expression of four epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family genes and their ligands were measured in LP tissues from 14 patients and compared with levels in 10 patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and normal oral mucosa (NOM) from 14 healthy donors by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Synchronous mRNA coexpression of ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4 was detected in LP lesions. Out of the receptors, only ErbB4 mRNA and protein was more highly expressed in LP compared with NOM tissues. These were strongly expressed by epithelial keratinocytes in LP lesions, as shown by immunohistochemistry. Regarding the ligands, the mRNA of Neuregulin2 and 4 were more highly expressed in OLP compared with NOM tissues. Therefore, enhanced ErbB4 on the keratinocytes and synchronous modulation of EGFR family genes may contribute to the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of LP.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Amphiregulin , Betacellulin , EGF Family of Proteins , Epidermal Growth Factor , Metabolism , Epiregulin , Gene Expression Profiling , Glycoproteins , Metabolism , Heparin , Metabolism , Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Metabolism , Keratinocytes , Metabolism , Leukoplakia, Oral , Metabolism , Lichen Planus, Oral , Metabolism , Ligands , Mouth Mucosa , Metabolism , Nerve Growth Factors , Neuregulins , Metabolism , RNA, Messenger , Metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , ErbB Receptors , Metabolism , Receptor, ErbB-2 , Metabolism , Receptor, ErbB-3 , Metabolism , Receptor, ErbB-4 , Receptors, Cell Surface , Metabolism , Transforming Growth Factor alpha , Metabolism , Up-Regulation , PhysiologyABSTRACT
To determine the outcome of cementless hydroxyapatite-coated total knee prosthesis in rheumatoid patients. Analytical. University of Yamanashi Hospital, Japan, from October 1999 to September 2002. Twenty total knee arthroplasties using HA-coated Scorpio Superflex CR and Delta 7000 series were performed in 17 rheumatoid patients. Pre and postoperative results were compared using JOA scores. Male: female ratio was 16:1, average age was 67 years and mean duration of follow-up was two years. JOA scores improved significantly [p<0.05] postoperatively from an average of 37 to 80. Varus and valgus angular deformities improved significantly and 90% of the knees had alignment between zero and 5 degrees of valgus angulation with an average tibiofemoral angle [FTA] of 172. The radiographic findings revealed no radiolucent lines at two years follow-up. Distal femur osteolysis was not observed. The clinical results were excellent at 2-year follow-up, which are in agreement with other reports using hydroxyapatite-coated knee prosthesis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Coated Materials, Biocompatible , Durapatite , Range of Motion, Articular , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A hypothetical community of one million people where birth rate and death rate are equal was applied to the modified deferential equations Lipsitch and Nowak published in 1995 in order to examine the impact of partner acquisition change on the HIV epidemic over a relatively short term. The results showed that if the partner exchange rate increases from two to three per year in the population, the epidemic caused by a more virulent strain would overweigh that caused by a less virulent strain within a century. This result reveals that an increase in the rate of partner acquisition gives the more virulent strain an advantage in terms of propagating the virus in a given population, at least over a relatively short term of several decades. The partner acquisition rate also exerts an influence on the magnitude of the HIV epidemic and the time it needs to reach a peak in the hypothetical community.<BR>These results indicate that increased sexual contact may be even more important than expected and thus shed a new light on the present HIV epidemic.