Clinic, pathologic and molecular landscapes in ultra-young women with breast cancer in the State of São Paulo: a real-world study

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) centers are increasingly attending "ultra-young" women (UYW) patients (≤ 30 years), who usually present aggressive tumors and face specific problems. Objectives: We aimed to examine a multicentric casuistic view, addressing clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of BC, as well as therapeutic measures and oncological outcomes. Methods: A retrospective multicentric observational study of UYW with infiltrating BC was carried out. The patients were treated between the period from January 1991 to December 2019. Clinical, epidemiological, morphological, molecular, therapeutic and outcomes data were collected from the charts. Results: A total of 293 patients were followed for a average period of 34.5 months. Nulliparity was referred by 204 women (75.5%), of whom 81 (37.1%) were overweight or obese. Positive family history in first-degree relatives was verified in 25 patients (10.1%). Only 30 patients underwent genetic tests, which revealed inherited pathogenic mutations in 12 of them (37.5%). Thirty-two (32) cases were classified as T1 at diagnosis (10.9%), while "De novo" stage IV was found in 29 patients (9.8%). Mastectomy was performed in 175 women (70.2%), quadrantectomy in 46 women (18.4%), and mammary adenectomies in 28 women (11.2%), of which 149 cases were reported after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (56.0%). A total of 111 patients had at least one positive lymph node (47.4%). The rate of patients with estrogen receptor-negative was 32.7% and the rate of patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) was 25%. The frequency of Luminal A neoplasias was 16.6%, Luminal B/HER2- was 35.9%, Luminal B/HER2+ was 15.1%, HER2 overexpressed was 9.3%, and Basal was 22.9%. Taking into account the outcomes, 173 patients were alive without disease (65.7%); 23 patients were alive with any form of recurrence (8.7%); and 67 patients (25.4%) evolved to BC deaths. Conclusions: It was concluded that UYW with BC are commonly diagnosed at advanced stages, present adverse morphological and molecular parameters, and have unfavorable prognosis.

Cat scratch disease presenting as axillary lymphadenopathy and a palpable benign mammary nodule mimicking a carcinoma

Abstract We present a case involving a 74-year-old woman with cat scratch disease characterized by an enlarged and hard axillary lymph node as well as a palpable breast nodule mimicking a carcinoma. The lymph node and the breast nodule were excised. The pathologic examinations revealed granulomatous lymphadenitis with gram-negative bacilli and an intraductal papilloma. Antibiotic therapy (azithromycin) was prescribed and the patient's clinical evolution was excellent.

Radiografia intraoperatória do espécime de biópsia radioguiada de lesão não-palpável de mama por meio de aparelho dedicado(Faxitron) / Intraoperative radiography of radioguided biopsy of non-palpable breast lesions specimes by a dedicated equipment (Flaxitron)

Objetivo: Apresentar experiência com o uso de aparelho dedicado para radiografia de espécimes de biópsias cirúrgicas de mama (Faxitron®), com ênfase na confirmação do achado do alvo cirúrgico na amostra tecidual. Métodos: De março de 2010 a março de 2011 foram realizadas 112 biópsias radioguiadas de lesões nao-palpáveis de mama, nas quais houve necessidade de radiografia da peça operatória para avaliação do acerto da retirada do alvo cirúrgico (microcalcificações, ,nódulos ou clips aplicados após mamotomia). Todas as lesões foram marcadas pelo método radioguiado (ROLL) e as radiografias da peça feitas por meio de aparelho dedicado, localizado no centro cirúrgico. Resultados: As imagens foram obtidas em tela de computador quase que instantaneamente, após cerca de 30 segundos, e tiveram excelente qualidade visual. O alvo cirúrgico esteve presente na primeira amostra em 109 dos 112 casos (97,3%), sendo que nos demais foi necessária pelo menos mais uma ampliação da biópsia para a remoção da lesão. Conclusões: A técnica de biópsia radioguiada de lesões nao-palpáveis de mama é altamente eficiente, mas a monitorização radiográfica da peça é fundamental para assegurar o acerro na remoção do alvo cirúrgico. A radiografia do espécime cirúrgico de biópsias de mama pelo aparelho Faxitron® é fácil, segura e muito rápida.

Objectives: To report the experience with the use of a dedicated machine for breast specimens radiography (Faxitron®). Methods: From March 2010 to March 2011, 112 radioguided breast biopsies (ROLL) for non-palpable lesions were performed. In all cases, the excised tissue samples were radiographed by the dedicated equipment, inside the Surgical Center area. Results: The images were seen in a computer monitor screen almost instantaneously (after about 30 seconds) and showed excellent visual quality. The surgical targets were observed in the first specimen in 109 of the 112 cases (97.3%). In the other cases, supplementary excisions were needed to allow the target removal. Conclusions: The radioguided occult lesion localization technique for non-palpable breast lesions is highly efficient, but the specimen radiographic confirmation is mandatory to check the target removal. The radiography of breast biopsies specimens through the equipment (Faxitron®) is easy, safe and very fast.