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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction(composed of Astragali Radix,Codonopsis Radix,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,Hedyotis Diffusae Herba,Moutan Cortex,Visci Herba,etc.)combined with XELOX regimen(Oxaliplatin plus Capecitabine)for the treatment of postoperative patients with advanced gastric cancer of qi and yin deficiency type.Methods A total of 80 postoperative patients with advanced gastric cancer of qi and yin deficiency type were randomly divided into the Chinese medicine group and the control group,with 40 cases in each group.Both groups received chemotherapy with XELOX regimen,while the Chinese medicine group was given modified Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction.Three weeks constituted a course of treatment,the medication of Chinese medicine decoction lasted for two weeks or more in each course of treatment,and a total of 8 courses of treatment were performed.The incidence of adverse reactions during chemotherapy was monitored and changes in serum tumor markers of serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen 199(CA199)and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)were observed in the two groups before and after treatment.Moreover,the patients'quality of life was assessed by the scores of Karnofsky's Performance Status(KPS)and World Health Organization Quality of Life Measurement Scale(WHOQOL-100).Long-term follow-up was carried out for the evaluation of the prognostic indicators such as overall survival and one-year and 2-year overall survival rates.Results(1)Patients in the two groups were all followed up,and the median follow-up time was 27 months(95%CI:23.59-27.86).(2)After treatment,the levels of serum CEA and AFP in the Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while serum CA199 tended to decrease compared with those before treatment,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05);in the control group,the levels of serum CEA,CA199,and AFP were not significantly decreased after treatment(P＞0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of serum CEA,CA199 and AFP levels in the Chinese medicine group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)The adverse reactions during chemotherapy in the two groups mainly involved bone marrow suppression,gastrointestinal reactions and liver function abnormalities,etc.The incidences of all adverse reactions in the Chinese medicine group tended to be lower than those in the control group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(4)After treatment,the KPS scores of patients in both groups were improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the improvement in the Chinese medicine group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(5)After treatment,the scores of the four dimensions of WHOQOL-100 such as health status,mobility,life feelings,and other activities of daily life in the Chinese medicine group were significantly improved compared with the pre-treatment(P＜0.05),whereas there was no significant improvement in the control group(P＞0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the improvement of the scores of each dimension of the WHOQOL-100 in the Chinese medicine group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(6)The median survival in the Chinese medicine group was 29.0 months(95%CI:25.95-31.70)and that in the control group was 22.0 months(95%CI:19.67-25.58),indicating that the median survival was significantly prolonged in Chinese medicine group(P＜0.01).The one-year and 2-year postoperative survival rates were 97.5%and 77.5%in the Chinese medicine group and 92.5%and 47.5%in the control group,respectively.The intergroup comparison showed that the one-year and 2-year postoperative survival rates in the Chinese medicine group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Modified Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction can effectively alleviate the adverse reactions during adjuvant chemotherapy for postoperative patients with advanced gastric cancer of qi and yin deficiency type,improve the quality of life of patients,and prolong the survival time of patients.
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Objective To analyze the changes of vitamin D in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods 130 children with HSP from Kunming Children's Hospital between July 2022-July 2023 were selected as the study subjects and 100 healthy children were selected during the same period as the control group.The blood samples were collected from the children with HSP and the healthy children.The content of vitamin D was measured by Kunming Kingmed Institute for Clinical Laboratory.Results The content of 25(OH)D in children with HSP was lower than that in healthy children,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The proportion of vitamin D insufficiency in children with HSP was higher than that in healthy children,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion The children with HSP are prone to vitamin D insufficiency.Vitamin D supplementation may provide a new method for the treatment of HSP.
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Objective To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions to vaccination in children with special health status in Kunming and the corresponding countermeasures.Methods The information data of 952 children with special health conditions who were vaccinated at the Child Healthcare Department of the Kunming Children's Hospital from October 2021 to February 2023 were collected,and descriptive methods were used for epidemiological analysis.Results The detection rate of adverse reactions in children with special health conditions in Kunming was 10.92%(104/952),all of which were mild adverse reactions.The top three vaccines with the highest detection rates of adverse reactions were adsorbed acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine(Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus),measles-mumps-rubella attenuated live vaccine(Measles-Mumps-Rubella),and meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine group A and C(Meningococcal A+C),with detection rates of 7.00%,4.14%,and 3.08%,respectively.The detection rate of adverse reactions in children with premature birth,allergy,and anemia after vaccination was higher,with detection rates of 13.87%,11.03%,and 10.05%,respectively.The detection rate of adverse reactions after more than two vaccinations was 73.08%,which was higher than the first vaccination detection rate of 26.92%.The clinical manifestations of vaccine adverse reactions were mainly fever,redness,and induration,with detection rates of 39.42%,21.15%,and 18.27%,respectively.The detection rate of adverse reactions in children with special health conditions under the age of two was higher,accounting for 75.00%.The detection rate of adverse reactions within 24 hours after vaccination was higher,accounting for 62.50%.After timely symptomatic treatment and follow-up observation,all adverse reactions in children with special health conditions after vaccination recovered within 7 days.Conclusion Adverse reactions after vaccination in children with special health conditions in Kunming are predominantly mild.The detection rate of adverse reactions post-vaccination for pertussis,measles,mumps,and meningococcal A+C is notably high.Children under 2 years old with premature birth,allergy,and anemia are more likely to have adverse reactions after vaccination.These adverse reactions typically manifest within 24 hours post-vaccination and resolve within 7 days.
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Due to the high similarity with the lipid layer between human skin keratinocytes, functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structure prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology encapsulating natural active substances have become a hot research topic in recent years. This type of functional cosmetic often has a fresh and natural skin feel, excellent skin barrier repair function and efficient moisturizing effect, etc., showing great potential in cosmetic application. However, the present research on the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology to functional cosmetics is still in the initial stage, and there are fewer relevant reports with reference values. Based on the mentioned above, this review provides a comprehensive summary of functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structures prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology from the following aspects: the structure of human skin, the composition of lamellar liquid crystal, the advantages of liquid crystal emulsification technology containing natural active substances used in the field of functional cosmetics, the preparation process, main components, influencing factors during the preparation and the market functional cosmetics with lamellar liquid crystal structure. Finally, the prospect of the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology in functional cosmetics is presented, to provide useful references for those engaged in the research of liquid crystal emulsification technology-related functional cosmetics.
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Thyroid radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation are widely adopted minimally invasive treatments for diverse thyroid conditions worldwide. Fundamental skills such as the trans-isthmic approach and the moving shot technique are crucial for performing thyroid ablation, and advanced techniques, including hydrodissection and vascular ablation, improve safety and efficacy and reduce complications. Given the learning curve associated with ultrasound-guided therapeutic procedures, operators need training and experience. While training models exist, limited attention has been given to ultrasound maneuvers in ablation needle manipulation. This article introduces two essential maneuvers, the zigzag moving technique and the alienate maneuver, while also reviewing the latest ultrasound techniques in thyroid ablation, contributing valuable insights into this evolving field.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of improving the operative field and postoperative atelectasis of single-lung ventilation (SLV) in the surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in infants without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 28 infants (aged 1 to 4 months, weighing between 4.2 and 6 kg) who underwent surgical repair of CoA without CPB from January 2019 to May 2022 were analyzed. Fourteen infants received SLV with a bronchial blocker (Group S), and the other 14 infants received routine endotracheal intubation and bilateral lung ventilation (Group R). Results: In comparison to Group R, Group S exhibited improved exposure of the operative field, a lower postoperative atelectasis score (P<0.001), reduced prevalence of hypoxemia (P=0.01), and shorter durations of operation, mechanical ventilation, and ICU stay (P=0.01, P<0.001, P=0.03). There was no difference in preoperative information or perioperative respiratory and circulatory indicators before SLV, 10 minutes after SLV, and 10 minutes after the end of SLV between the two groups (P>0.05). Intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and systolic pressure gradient across the coarctation after operation were also not different between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that employing SLV with a bronchial blocker is consistent with enhanced operative field, reduced operation duration, lower prevalence of intraoperative hypoxemia, and fewer postoperative complications during the surgical repair of CoA in infants without the use of CPB.
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AIM:To investigate the effect of vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D technology training for the treatment of amblyopia.METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 102 children with amblyopia who attended the clinic from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected, and they were randomly assigned into two groups by computer, with 51 cases in each group. Control group received stereoscopic 3D technology training, while observation group participated in vision therapy system 4D on the basis of control group. Then the overall effective rate, binocular visual function, spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL), mean corneal curvature(Km), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and visual evoked potential were compared between two groups.RESULTS: The overall efficacy rate was 94.1% in observation group, which was obviously higher than control group(74.5%; P<0.05). The improvement in binocular vision parameters simultaneous perception, total fusion, and stereoacuity were all more remarkable in observation group than in control group(P<0.05). The △SE, △AL and △Km yielded no statistical difference between two groups(P>0.05). The latency of two spatial frequencies(1°grid and 15'grid)showed a decline in both groups, and the decline was more notable in observation group than in control group(P<0.05). In both groups, BCVA improved, and the improvement was more significant in observation group compared with control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Application of vision therapy system 4D combined with stereoscopic 3D technology training for amblyopia can effectively ameliorate the visual acuity, promote the reconstruction of simultaneous perception, total fusion, and stereoacuity without additional risk of myopic shift, and improve visual pathway function in children.
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Natural Cordyceps sinensis as an insect-fungal complex, which is developed after Ophiocordyceps sinensis infects a larva of Hepialidae family. Seventeen genotypes of O. sinensis have been identified in natural C. sinensis. This paper summarized the literature reports and GenBank database regarding occurrence and transcription of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in natural C. sinensis, in Hirsutella sinensis(GC-biased Genotype #1 of O. sinensis), to infer the mating pattern of O. sinensis in the lifecycle of natural C. sinensis. The mating-type genes and transcripts of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were identified in the metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of natural C. sinensis. However, their fungal sources are unclear because of co-colonization of several genotypes of O. sinensis and multiple fungal species in natural C. sinensis. The mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were differentially present in 237 H. sinensis strains, constituting the genetic control of the O. sinensis reproduction. Transcriptional control of the O. sinensis reproduction includes: differential transcription or silencing of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs, and the MAT1-2-1 transcript with unspliced intron I that contains 3 stop codons. Research on the H. sinensis transcriptome demonstrated differential and complementary transcriptions of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in Strains L0106 and 1229, which may become mating partners to accomplish physiological heterothallism. The differential occurrence and transcription of the mating-type genes in H. sinensis are inconsistent with the self-fertilization hypothesis under homothallism or pseudohomothallism, but instead indicate the need of mating partners of the same H. sinensis species, either monoecious or dioecious, for physiological heterothallism, or heterospecific species for hybridization. Multiple GC-and AT-biased genotypes of O. sinensis were identified in the stroma, stromal fertile portion(densely covered with numerous ascocarps) and ascospores of natural C. sinensis. It needs to be further explored if the genome-independent O. sinensis genotypes could become mating partners to accomplish sexual reproduction. S. hepiali Strain FENG experienced differential transcription of the mating-type genes with a pattern complementary to that of H. sinensis Strain L0106. Additional evidence is needed to explore a hybridization possibility between S. hepiali and H. sinensis, whether they are able to break the interspecific reproductive isolation. Genotypes #13～14 of O. sinensis feature large DNA segment reciprocal substitutions and genetic material recombination between 2 heterospecific parental fungi, H. sinensis and an AB067719-type fungus, indicating a possibility of hybridization or parasexuality. Our analysis provides important information at the genetic and transcriptional levels regarding the mating-type gene expression and reproduction physiology of O. sinensis in the sexual life of natural C. sinensis and offers crucial reproductive physiology evidence, to assist in the design of the artificial cultivation of C. sinensis to supplement the increasing scarcity of natural resource.
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Cordyceps/genetics , Genes, Mating Type, Fungal/genetics , Reproduction/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of adipocytes in the bone marrow microenvironment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) on the pathogenesis of MM.@*METHODS@#Bone marrow adipocytes (BMA) in bone marrow smears of health donors (HD) and newly diagnosed MM (ND-MM) patients were evaluated with oil red O staining. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from HD and ND-MM patients were isolated, and in vitro co-culture assay was used to explore the effects of MM cells on the adipogenic differentiation of MSC and the role of BMA in the survival and drug resistance of MM cells. The expression of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation-related genes PPAR-γ, DLK1, DGAT1, FABP4, FASN and ALP both in MSC and MSC-derived adipocytes was determined with real-time quantitative PCR. The Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of IL-6, IL-10, SDF-1α, TNF-α and IGF-1 in the supernatant with or without PPAR-γ inhibitor.@*RESULTS@#The results of oil red O staining of bone marrow smears showed that BMA increased significantly in patients of ND-MM compared with the normal control group, and the BMA content was related to the disease status. The content of BMA decreased in the patients with effective chemotherapy. MM cells up-regulated the expression of MSC adipogenic differentiation-related genes PPAR-γ, DLK1, DGAT1, FABP4 and FASN, but the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related gene ALP was significantly down-regulated. This means that the direct consequence of the interaction between MM cells and MSC in the bone marrow microenvironment is to promote the differentiation of MSC into adipocytes at the expense of osteoblasts, and the cytokines detected in supernatant changed. PPAR-γ inhibitor G3335 could partially reverse the release of cytokines by BMA. Those results confirmed that BMA regulated the release of cytokines via PPAR-γ signal, and PPAR-γ inhibitor G3335 could distort PPAR-γ mediated BMA maturation and cytokines release. The increased BMA and related cytokines effectively promoted the proliferation, migration and drug resistance of MM cells.@*CONCLUSION@#The BMA and its associated cytokines are the promoting factors in the survival, proliferation and migration of MM cells. BMA can protect MM cells from drug-induced apoptosis and plays an important role in MM treatment failure and disease progression.
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Humans , Osteogenesis/genetics , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Multiple Myeloma/metabolism , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/pharmacology , Cell Differentiation , Adipogenesis , Cytokines/metabolism , Adipocytes/metabolism , Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism , Cells, Cultured , PPAR gamma/pharmacology , Tumor MicroenvironmentABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effect of modified Shengxian Decoction on extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) and lung injury prediction score (LIPS) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by sepsis.Methods:Prospective cohort study. A total of 200 patients with ARDS caused by sepsis who were hospitalized in Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to May 2021 were selected and divided into the observation group and control group by random number table method, with 100 in each group. The patients in the control group were given rountin western medicine treatment according to the guidelines, and the patients in the observation group were treated with modified Shengxian Decoction on the basis of the treatment in the control group. Both groups were treated for 7 days as a course of treatment. The PH value, oxygen volume index (FiO 2), oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2), arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO 2) of the two groups before and after treatment, calculate the oxygenation index (PaO 2/FiO 2) were observed and compared. The C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were observed by ELISA, the procalcitonin (PCT) levels was detected by double antibody sandwich immunoluminescence method. The APACHE Ⅱ score and LIPS score, EVLWI and cardiac index (CI) of the two groups were observed and compared. The mechanical ventilation time and ICU hospitalization time of the two groups were compared. Results:After treatment, the PaCO 2 level [(37.15 ± 5.42) mmHg vs. (38.24 ± 3.24) mmHg, t=2.03] of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the oxygenation index (292.34 ± 78.91 vs. 236.54 ± 70.58, t=5.27) was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of hs-CRP [(35.21 ± 6.73) mg/L vs. (48.97 ± 8.52) mg/L, t=12.67], IL-6 [(40.57 ± 8.51) ng/L vs. (47.61 ± 9.97) ng/L, t=5.37] and PCT [(0.75 ± 0.21) μg/L vs. (1.14 ± 0.38) μg/L, t=8.98] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the APACHE Ⅱscore (11.14 ± 0.54 vs. 14.67 ± 0.89, t=33.91], LIPS score (2.21 ± 0.73 vs. 4.59 ± 0.88, t=20.82), and EVLWI [(6.19 ± 0.42) ml/kg vs. (8.24 ± 0.78) ml/kg, t=23.14) of the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the CI level [(4.49 ± 1.27) L/(min?m 2) vs. (3.61 ± 0.88) L/(min?m 2), t=5.70] was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01). The mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group ( t=3.66, 5.74, P<0.01). Conclusion:The modified Shengxian Decoction can reduce the level of inflammation indexes in patients with ARDS caused by sepsis, reduce EVLWI and LIPS scores, improve blood gas analysis indexes, and shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization.
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Objective:To explore the feasibility of deep learning-based restoration of obscured thyroid ultrasound images.Methods:A total of 358 images of thyroid nodules were retropectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021 at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and the images were randomly masked and restored using DeepFillv2. The difference in grey values between the images before and after restoration was compared, and 6 sonographers (2 chief physicians, 2 attending physicians, 2 residents) were invited to compare the rate of correctness of judgement and detection of image discrepancies. The ultrasound features of thyroid nodules (solid composition, microcalcifications, markedly hypoechoic, ill-defined or irregular margins, or extrathyroidal extensions, vertical orientation and comet-tail artifact) were extracted according to the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS). The consistency of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules before and after restoration were compared.Results:The mean squared error of the images before and after restoration ranged from 0.274 to 0.522, and there were significant differences in the rate of correctness of judgement and detection of image discrepancies between physicians of different groups(all P<0.001). The overall accuracy rate was 51.95%, the overall detection rate was 1.79%, there were significant differences also within the chief physicians and resident groups (all P<0.001). The agreement rate of all ultrasound features of the nodules before and after image restoration was higher than 70%, over 90% agreement rate for features such as solid composition and comet-tail artifact. Conclusions:The algorithm can effectively repair obscured thyroid ultrasound images while preserving image features, which is expected to expand the deep learning image database, and promote the development of deep learning in the field of ultrasound images.
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Objective To analyze the sleep status of infants and young children aged 0～35 months,in order to understand the common sleep problems and possible influencing factors of infants and young children.Methods Healthy infants aged 0～35 months who underwent physical examination in the outpatient Department of Child Health Care,Kunming Children's Hospital from June 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects.The brief infant sleep questionnaire(BISQ)was completed by their parents.Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the sleep status of infants and young children and the factors affecting sleep problems.Results The primary sleeping mode for infants and young children is sleeping with parents(85.6%).The average daytime sleep duration is(3.51±1.75)hours,nighttime sleep is(8.84±1.41)hours,and total daily sleep is(12.37±2.07)hours.Daytime and total sleep duration decrease gradually with increasing age in each age group(P<0.05).27.7%of infants and young children may experience insufficient sleep duration;the prevalence of sleep problems is 79%,with the highest rate of difficulty falling asleep at 75.3%,followed by night waking(72.2%)and sleep rhythm disturbances(19.7%);278 cases(92.7%)involve involuntary falling asleep.Univariate analysis shows that age and sleep initiation method are related to the occurrence of sleep problems in infants and young children(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis suggests that young age and involuntary falling asleep are risk factors for the occurrence of sleep problems.Conclusion The incidence of sleep problems in infants and young children is high,which is related to the young age and involuntary sleep onset.It is recommended to train infants and young children to fall asleep autonomously as early as possible,and strengthen the education of sleep habits in infants and young children to reduce the incidence of sleep problems in infants and young children.
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Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) are a group of polyhydroxy alkaloids extracted and isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine mulberry twig, which is mainly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to acting as a glycosidase inhibitor in the small intestine after oral administration, SZ-A can also be absorbed into blood and widely distributed to target organs related to diabetes, exerting multiple pharmacological effects. It is important to elucidate the possible pharmacokinetic influences of SZ-A for its clinical rational applications, such as drug interactions, the effects of food and alcohol on the absorption of SZ-A. However, studies in this area are limited. Therefore, the pharmacokinetic interactions between orally administrated SZ-A (50 mg·kg-1) and metformin hydrochloride (Met, 200 mg·kg-1) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were examined. Then, the effect of food (standard feed) on the pharmacokinetics of SZ-A was investigated using fasting administration of SZ-A (50 mg·kg-1) in rats as a control. Finally, we investigated the pharmacokinetic characteristics of SZ-A (50 mg·kg-1) in different concentrations alcohol solutions using aqueous solution of SZ-A administered to rats as a control to evaluate the effect of alcohol on the bioabsorption of SZ-A. The results showed no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between SZ-A and Met after combination treatment. The standard feed had little effect on the pharmacokinetic profile of SZ-A. Alcohol retarded the absorption of SZ-A, resulting in a significant decrease in the Cmax of SZ-A. The decrease was greater at higher alcohol concentrations; however, no significant difference was observed in the AUC0-t. These results support the clinical rational applications of SZ-A. All animal protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of Kangtai Medical Laboratory Service Hebei Co., Ltd. (Hebei, China) (No. MDL2022-01-17-1).
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To investigate the effects and mechanism of the combination of Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids(SZ-A) and metformin (Met) on glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice, KKAy mice were divided into four groups according to the glucose and lipid indexes: control group (control), Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids group (SZ-A, 100 mg·kg-1), metformin group (Met, 100 mg·kg-1) and combined administration group (combination, Comb, 100 mg·kg-1 SZ-A + 100 mg·kg-1 Met). All groups were administered by gavage once daily for 7 weeks accompanied with monitoring food intake, water intake, body weight as well as glycemia. Additionally, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT) and oral sodium pyruvate tolerance test (OPTT) were performed at week 2, week 5, week 6, respectively. The experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (00004332). We determined the weight and lipid content of liver, and then performed the histopathological analysis after sacrificed. Furthermore, Western blot assay was used to detect the protein levels of key molecules of PI3K/PDK1/Akt/GLUT signaling pathway in liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Compared to the SZ-A or Met monotherapy group, SZ-A + Met significantly improved the glucose metabolism disorder, which was showed in reduced food intake, water intake, the level of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of KKAy mice, as well as improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin sensitivity and inhibited gluconeogenesis. In addition, SZ-A + Met obviously up-regulated the protein expression levels in PI3K/PDK1/Akt/GLUT signaling pathway in liver, muscle and adipose tissue of KKAy mice. Moreover, the liver lipid accumulation and blood aminotransferase level of KKAy mice in the combined administration group were significantly reduced. Therefore, we concluded that the combination of SZ-A and Met improved glucose metabolism and inhibited the occurrence and development of T2DM via promoting glucose uptake and utilization, suggesting that the combination of SZ-A and Met is a more useful treatment for T2DM.
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This study aimed to prepare silk fibroin nanoparticles (SF-NPs) and assess the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the formulation. An optimized and simplified solvent displacement method was employed to obtain SF-NPs. Single-factor prescription screening, such as silk fibroin (SF) solution concentration, the ratio of SF solution to organic solvent, ultrasonication power and time, and different types of organic phases, was used to optimize the formulation. The characterization of the optimal formulation included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, and stability. The in vitro cell compatibility of the nanoparticles was evaluated using CCK-8 and Calcein-AM/PI cell viability staining. The results showed that when SF concentration was 20 mg·mL-1, volume ratio of aqueous phase to acetone was 1∶6, ultrasonic power was 80 W and ultrasonic time was 3 min, the best SF-NPs was obtained. The nanoparticles prepared in this study exhibit a near-spherical shape, with a uniform size distribution, having an average size of 144.8 nm, a PDI of 0.174, and a zeta potential of -27.35 mV. Results from in vitro cell experiments demonstrate excellent cell compatibility of SF-NPs, showing the ability to promote cell proliferation. The SF-NPs which were successfully prepared in this study exhibit uniform particle size and excellent biocompatibility.
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【Objective】 To screen the risk factors of severe postpartum hemorrhage that can be found at 32 weeks of pregnancy through univariate and multivariate analysis and establish the risk prediction diagram. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis was performed on pregnant women who gave birth and received blood transfusion in Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2019 to 2021. According to the blood transfusion volume during and after operation, the patients were divided into low/moderate transfusion group (transfusion volume <2 000 mL) and massive-transfusion group (transfusion volume ≥2 000 mL), and the basic information of puerperal, single high risk factor, measures of operation and use of blood preparations were recorded. The differences of physiological and pathological factors between the low/moderate transfusion group and the massive transfusion group were analyzed by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis and nomogram were performed on the statistically significant factors to calculate the consumption of blood components and hemostatic measures in the massive transfusion group. 【Results】 There were significant differences in age, number of pregnancies, advanced age at first delivery, history of abortion, scar uterus, pernicious placenta previa, placenta accreta, eclampsia/pre-eclampsia and acquired coagulopathy between the low/moderate transfusion group (n=930) and the massive transfusion group (n=108) (P<0.05), among which the number of pregnancies, advanced age for the first delivery, pernicious placenta previa, placenta accreta, and eclampsia/pre-eclampsia were independent risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage at 32 weeks of gestation. The scores of risk factors for massive blood transfusion from high to low were placenta accreta, primiparity at advanced age, eclampsia/pre-eclampsia, pernicious placenta previa, number of pregnancies≥4 and scar uterus. 【Conclusion】 The possibility of severe postpartum hemorrhage can be accurately evaluated in the third trimester (around 32 weeks) by univariate analysis, multivariate analysis and nomogram drawing. Among the puerpera underwent blood transfusion, the risk factors for massive hemorrhage included pregnancies ≥4 times, primiparity at advanced age, pernicious placenta previa, placenta accreta, and eclampsia/pre-eclampsia. The model based on these factors has a good prediction effect on massive hemorrhage.
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Retinal arterial macroaneurysm(RAM)is a kind of acquired retinal vascular disorder. The pathogenesis of RAM is not yet clear, and it is associated with some systemic conditions, including hypertension, arteriosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. RAM is prone to exudation or bleeding, leading to some other complications in the condition of hypertension due to the weak tube wall, and its clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, which makes it difficult to diagnose. RAM itself has a tendency of self-degeneration, and the prognosis of visual acuity is good if the lesion doesn't involve the macular area. However, when the macula is affected by exudation and/or bleeding, the vision is severely affected and some feasible treatments are needed. Understanding the typical imaging manifestations of RAM is helpful to make a definite diagnosis and give corresponding treatment measures. In this paper, the manifestations of RAM by various examination methods are reviewed and the corresponding treatments of different types of RAM are summarized, aiming to provide reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of RAM in the future.
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@#Abstract：Pyroptosis is a new programmed cell death mode，which plays a dual role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. On the one hand，inflammasomes causing pyroptosis and inflammatory mediators released during cell pyroptosis promote the occurrence and development of HCC；On the other hand，pyroptosis can inhibit the proliferation， metastasis and invasion of HCC cells. With the deepening of research，the role of pyroptosis in HCC has become increasingly prominent. This paper reviews the potential effects of pyroptosis on the progression of HCC and its role in anticancer therapy. Keywords：Pyroptosis；Inflammasome；Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）；Gasdermin D（GSDMD）
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To explore the genetic diversity of Asarum sieboldii this study developed SSR markers based on transcriptome sequencing results and five populations of A.sieboldii from different regions were used as samples for genetic diversity assessment using software such as GenALEx 6.5, NTSYS 2.1, and Structure 2.3.4. The results showed that 16 SSR markers with high polymorphism and good repeatability were selected from the A.sieboldii transcriptome. Primers designed based on the flanking sequences of these markers successfully amplified 56 polymorphic fragments from 150 individual samples of the five A.sieboldii populations. On average, each primer amplified 3.5 polymorphic fragments, ranging from 2 to 8. The mean values of expected heterozygosity(H_e), Shannon's diversity index(I), Nei's gene diversity index(H), and the polymorphic information content(PIC) were 0.172, 0.281, 0.429, and 0.382, respectively. The mean population differentiation coefficient(F_(ST)) was 0.588, consistent with the analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) results, which indicated greater genetic variation among A.sieboldii populations(69%) than that within populations(31%). The percentage of polymorphic loci(PPL) ranged from highest to lowest as SNJ>LN>SY>SZ>TB. Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) and UPGMA clustering analysis further revealed genetic clustering of A.sieboldii individuals based on their geographical distribution, consistent with the results of the structure clustering analysis. In summary, the SSR markers developed from the transcriptome effectively assessed the genetic differentiation and population structure of natural A.sieboldii populations, revealing a relatively low genetic diversity in A.sieboldii, with genetic variation primarily observed at the population level and a correlation between population differentiation and geographic distance.
Subject(s)
Humans , Genetic Variation , Asarum , Transcriptome/genetics , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , PhylogenyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mutational spectrum in young patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on next generation sequencing (NGS), and to provide a basis for in-depth understanding of the molecular biological characteristics and accurate prognosis of young DLBCL.@*METHODS@#From March 2009 to March 2021, 68 young DLBCL patients with complete initial diagnosis data from the Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were retrospectively analyzed, and their paraffin-embedded tissues were subjected to targeted sequencing analysis by NGS technology (including 475 Target genes), and the differences in gene mutation profiles and signaling pathways between high-risk patients with aaIPI ≥2 and low-intermediate risk patients with aaIPI <2 were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 44 high-frequency mutation genes were detected in 68 young DLBCL patients. By comparing the high-frequency mutation genes in aaIPI high-risk group and low-intermediate risk group, it was found that CARD11 mutation in aaIPI high-risk group was significantly higher than that in low-intermediate risk group (P =0.002), while MGA mutation (P =0.037) only appeared in the aaIPI high-risk group, and SPEN mutation (P =0.004) only appeared in the aaIPI low-intermediate risk group. The high-frequency mutation genes and clinical indicators of the aaIPI high-risk group were included in the survival analysis, and the results showed that TP53 (P =0.009, P =0.027), POU2AF1 (P =0.003, P =0.006) and CCND3 (P =0.040, P =0.014) genes mutations were associated with worse PFS and OS, while B2M was associated with better PFS (P =0.014) and OS (P =0.013). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the TP53, POU2AF1 and CCND3 were independent risk factors for PFS（P ＝0.021，P =0.005，P =0.020） and OS（P ＝0.042，P =0.010，P =0.013）.@*CONCLUSION@#The aaIPI staging combination with molecular biology markers is more conducive to accurately judging the prognosis of young DLBCL patients. TP53, POU2AF1 and CCND3 mutations predict worse survival in the patients with the aaIPI high-risk group.