ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of noninvasive ventilation on heart failure(HF)after acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in rats.Methods:A rat model of HF after AMI was established by ligation of the left ventricular branch.Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups according to the random number table method: sham operation group, non-treatment group and noninvasive ventilation treatment group(n=30, each group). Echocardiography was performed on the third day after surgery, and parameters including left atrial diameter(LAD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD), interventricular septum thickness(IVS)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)were recorded.Serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide 45(BNP45), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9), and heat-shock protein 70(HSP70)were measured at day 3 after operation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA). Morphological changes of myocardial tissue were analyzed with hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL).Results:Compared with the non-treatment group, LVEDD decreased[(153.9±8.1)mm/m 2vs.(164.7±10.4)mm/m 2, P<0.05]and LVEF increased[(63.9±7.6) % vs. (54.4±9.4) %, P<0.05]in the noninvasive ventilation group .Compared with the non-treatment group, serum levels of BNP45[(0.65±0.07) % vs. (0.73±0.07) μg/L, P<0.05], TNF-α(361.5±13.1) μg/L vs. (399.1±12.6) μg/L( P<0.05), MMP-2(6 892.8±530.2) μg/L vs. (7 406.0±667.5) μg/L( P<0.05)and MMP-9(143.8±5.9) μg/L vs. (151.1±8.3) μg/L( P<0.05)decreased and levels of HSP70[(1.7±0.1)μg/L vs.(1.4±0.1)μg/L, P<0.05]increased in the noninvasive ventilation group.HE staining showed focal accumulation of neutrophils in the epicardium, loss of muscle striation, disorganized cell polarity and enlarged nuclei in the non-treatment group.Meanwhile, alleviated inflammation, scattered neutrophils between cardiomyocytes and misaligned muscle striation were observed in the noninvasive ventilation group.TUNEL results showed that the myocardial apoptotic index was lower in the noninvasive ventilation group than in the non-treatment group( P<0.05). Conclusions:Noninvasive ventilation can effectively improve heart function, reduce inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats with AMI-induced HF and may be an effective treatment for HF after AMI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of noninvasive ventilation on heart failure(HF)in rats after acute myocardial infarction(AMI)and the mechanisms involved.Methods A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:the noninvasive ventilation group,the non-treatment group and the sham operation group(n=10 in each group).The model for HF after AMI was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation.Serum levels of B-type natriuretic peptide-45 (BNP-45),70 000 heat-shock protein(HSP70),matrix metalloproteinases(MMP-2 and-9),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and echocardiography parameters,such as left atrium(LA)diameter,left ventricular(LV)end-diastolic diameter,interventricular septal(IVS)thickness,and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),were measured at 3,5,7 and 14 days after operation in each group.Results Compared with the non-treatment group,LVEDD was reduced and LVEF was increased in the noninvasive ventilation group at 14 days after operation(155.92±14.74)mm/m2 vs.(149.35±11.29)mm/m2,(92.13±3.72)％ vs.(76.39±9.24)％,(P＜0.05),while LA diameter and IVS thickness showed no significant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with the non-treatment group,serum levels of BNP45,MMP-2,MMP-9,and TNF-α were decreased and HSP70 levels were increased in the noninvasive ventilation group at 3,5,7,and 14 days after operation (P ＜ 0.05).In the noninvasive ventilation group,serum levels of BNP45,MMP-2,MMP-9 and TNF-α at 5,7,and 14 days after operation were lower than those at 3 days after operation,and serum HSP70 levels at 7 and 14 days after operation were higher than those at 3 days after operation (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Noninvasive ventilation can effectively reduce the inflammatory response in rats with HF after AMI and reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.It is an effective treatment for HF after AMI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To test the effectiveness, reliability and acceptability of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-STO22 scale in gastric cancer patients in China. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight cases were collected in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University from September 2014 to April 2015. All the patients completed the EORTC QLQ-STO22 and EORTC QLQ-C30 scales and given the Zubrod-ECOG-WHO (ZPS) score. Karen Bach coefficient and Pearson correlation test were used for statistical analysis while using ZPS score to detect EORTC QLQ-STO22 in validity. After score was standardized, P<0.05 represented the difference had statistical significance. Results The Karen Bach coefficient was 0.607-0.830, confirming that the EORTC QLQ-STO22 scale had good reliability. A number of enhanced analysis showed that the scale had good convergent validity and divergent validity. In the same or similar dimension, EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-STO22 scales had good correlation and the correlation scores were higher than 0.400. The patients were divided into four groups according to ZPS score, with ZPS score increase, the overall quality of life scores were decreasing and entries associated with symptoms were increasing, showing difference between different groups(P<0.05). Conclusion The EORTC QLQ-STO22 scale shows high reliability and validity that can be used for assessing the quality of life of patients with advanced gastric cancer in China.