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Objective To determine the effects of β-estradiol on vasoconstriction in human umbilical artery and vein and its potential mechanisms.Methods Human umbilical cord samples were obtained from 96 term neonates of healthy singleton pregnant women born in the First Hospital of Soochow University between December 2013 and June 2015 (multiple pregnancy,pregnancy complications,cesarean delivery and low birth weight were excluded).Human umbilical arteries and veins were isolated and suspended in 37 2 organ baths containing 5 ml Krebs solution and exposed to β-estradiol followed by phenylephrine (PE) for vasoconstriction test.The subjects were divided into β-estradiol group and control group according to the presence or absence of β-estradiol incubation.To determine the effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of β-estradiol on PE-induced vasoconstriction,human umbilical artery and vein rings were pretreated with N ω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NMMA,nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor),fulvestrant (ICI182780,estradiol receptor antagonist),indomethacin (prostaglandin synthesis blocker),and removal of endothelium,then incubated with β-estradiol for 60 min followed by PE,and the concentration-response curves to PE were recorded.The concentrationresponse curves to phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBU,protein kinase C agonist) in Krebs solution in the presence or absence of β-estradiol were also obtained.Nonlinear regression and fitting curve were performed,and the two-sample ANOVA was used for analysis.Results (1) β-estradiol suppressed PE-induced vasoconstriction of human umbilical vein and artery.In human umbilical vein and artery of the control group,the maximum contraction intensity induced by PE was (59.17± 5.98)％ and (43.35± 5.02)％ of that induced by potassium chloride,respectively.The maximum contraction induced by PE in β-estradiol group was (5.87± 1.32)％and (4.52±1.22)％ of that induced by potassium chloride.(2) In both groups,incubation with L-NMMA or endothelium removal enhanced the vasoconstriction of human umbilical artery and vein,indicating that the inhibitory effect of β-estradiol was not influenced by the endothelium.(3) The suppression of β-estradiol on PE-induced vasoconstriction in human umbilical artery and vein was not significantly decreased by estrogen receptor antagonist.(4) β-estradiol did not affect human umbilical artery and vein vasoconstriction induced by PDBU.(5) In the control group,incubation with indomethacin did not affect human umbilical artery and vein vasoconstriction induced by PE.In the β-estradiol group,indomethacin significantly enhanced the contraction response induced by PE,suggesting that prostacycline synthesis was partly involved in β-estradiol-suppressed contractility in human umbilical artery and vein.The contractile response induced by phenylephrine was still lower in the β-estradiol group than in the control group,which was induced by indomethacin.Conclusions (1) β-estradiol can suppress vasoconstriction in human umbilical artery and vein,which is not dependent on endothelium and estrogen receptors,or protein kinase C activity,(2) Prostacycline synthesis is partly involved in β-estradiol-suppressed vasoconstriction in human umbilical artery and vein.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of Aidi injection on the short-term curative effect,pain level,quality of life and the survival time for the elderly and infirm patients with advanced cancer.Methods A total of 143 elderly patients with advanced cancer were randomly divided into two groups,71 patients in control group were treated with routine support therapies,and 72 patients in treatment group were injected with 50-60 ml Aidi injection infused in NS 250 ml by i.v drip every day combined with routine medicines,each cycle was 21 days,all patients were received for 2 cycles.Results After treatment the short-term curative effect rate (CR+PR) was 2.8 ％ (2/72) only compared with no effect of control group.But the effective and stabilization rate (CR+PR+SD) was 66.7 ％ (48/72),it was 31.0 ％ (22/71) in control group.There was significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The overall effective rate of easement of pain was 67.7 ％ (48/72) in treatment group versus 36.1％ (13/36) in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The median survival time (MST) was 6.2 months in treatment group versus 5.1 months in control group (P ＞ 0.05).The quality of life in treatment group was improved obviously (P ＜ 0.05).The side effects of patients in treatment group were very slight.Conclusions Aidi injection can reduce the cancer pain,improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of the elderly and infirm patients with advanced cancer.It is safe,and effective to inhibit growth of tumor.It can be recommended widely to clinical use.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of oxaliplatin in combination with calcium folinate and flrDrouracil in treatment of advanced esophageal carcinoma. Methods 61 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were divided into treatment group ( 30 cases) and control group (31 cases). Treatment group was given oxaliplatin combined with calcium folinate and flrorouracil; control group was given cisplatin and calcium folinate and flrorouracil. Results The overall response rate was 43.3% in the treatment group and 41.9% in control group(P＞0.05).The median time to progression( TTP) was 8.1 months vs.7.9 months(P＞0.05).Compared with control group,the treatment group, the side effects of myelosuppression, stomasitis and alopecia were not significant difference (P ＞ 0. 05 ) , grade Ⅰ -Ⅳ nausea and vomiting( P = 0. 028 ) , diarrhea (P = 0. 039 ) and renal toxicity ( P = 0.044 ) were lower,while the peripheral nerve toxicity ( P = 0. 010) was higher. Conclusion The effect of oxaliplatin combined with calcium folinate and flrorouracil had satisfactory effect in the treatment of advanced esophageal carcinoma, and the poisonous side effect was low. It could be used as first-line chemotherapy regimen.
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Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the anti tumor efficacy and safety of high dose folinic acid plus 5 fluorouracil bolus and continuous infusion 48 hours combined with cisplatin in treating advanced esophageal carcinoma. Methods:Thirty patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma were treated with high dose folinic acid plus 5 fluorouracil bolus and continuous infusion 48 hours combined with cisplatin.Results: There were two complete responses, fourteen partial responses, thirteen no changes and one progressive disease in this series with total response rate of 53.33%. The main side effects include nausea and vomiting, mucositis, bone marrow suppression and alopecia. Other side effects were uncommon. All side effects were tolerable and mild except for nausea vomiting. Conclusions: High dose folinic acid plus 5 fluorouracil bolus and continuous infusion 48 hours combined with cisplatin may be a safe and effective therapy for the patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma.