ABSTRACT
Exosomes are tiny vesicles produced in cells which sizes between 40 to 100 nm.Exosomes are carriers of cell signal transduction.Thyroid cancer is the common malignant tumor in endocrine system.Exosomes show the regulatory role in thyroid cancer about occurrence,development and metastasis.This review focuses on the relevant characteristics of exosomes and the research progress of exosomes in thyroid cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treatment of thyroid benign nodules.Methods We analyze 573 patients with thyroid benign nodules from June 2014 to September 2017 treated by RFA at Department Ⅱ of Thyroid Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.Among these patients,there were 75 males and 498 females,with a median age of 45 years old.All patients were diagnosed as thyroid benign nodules by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy before RFA.A total of 750 benign tumors were treated.To evaluate the thyroid function of the patients before RFA and 3 months after it,and to observe the changes of thyroid benign nodules by ultrasound at 3,6,12 months after RFA.The paired t-test was used to compare the measurement data with normal distribution,and Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare the measurement data with non-normal distribution.To calculate the volume change and reduction rate of thyroid benign nodules.Results RFA was successfully completed in all patients,the volume reduction rate was 67％ (48％,83％) in the 3rd month after RFA,in the 6th month was 81％ (67％,91％),in the 12th month was 89％ (80％,95％).Eighteen patients felt pain during RFA,but the pain was alleviated after stopping ablation.Three patients' tone decreased,but recovered in a week.Hoarseness occurred in 6 patients and recovered in 3 months.Three patients had neck hemorrhage,which was managed with simple compression of the neck.Conclusions RFA is an effective and safe treatment for thyroid benign nodules and has obvious advantages such as less invasiveness,having no influence in thyroid functions.It is clinically prospective for application.
ABSTRACT
Exosomes are tiny vesicles produced in cells which sizes between 40 to 100 nm. Exosomes are carriers of cell signal transduction. Thyroid cancer is the common malignant tumor in endocrine system. Exosomes show the regulatory role in thyroid cancer about occurrence, development and metastasis. This review focuses on the relevant characteristics of exosomes and the research progress of exosomes in thyroid cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treatment of thyroid benign nodules.@*Methods@#We analyze 573 patients with thyroid benign nodules from June 2014 to September 2017 treated by RFA at Department Ⅱof Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Among these patients, there were 75 males and 498 females, with a median age of 45 years old. All patients were diagnosed as thyroid benign nodules by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy before RFA. A total of 750 benign tumors were treated. To evaluate the thyroid function of the patients before RFA and 3 months after it, and to observe the changes of thyroid benign nodules by ultrasound at 3, 6, 12 months after RFA. The paired t-test was used to compare the measurement data with normal distribution, and Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare the measurement data with non-normal distribution. To calculate the volume change and reduction rate of thyroid benign nodules.@*Results@#RFA was successfully completed in all patients, the volume reduction rate was 67%(48%, 83%) in the 3rd month after RFA, in the 6th month was 81%(67%, 91%), in the 12th month was 89%(80%, 95%). Eighteen patients felt pain during RFA, but the pain was alleviated after stopping ablation. Three patients′ tone decreased, but recovered in a week. Hoarseness occurred in 6 patients and recovered in 3 months. Three patients had neck hemorrhage, which was managed with simple compression of the neck.@*Conclusions@#RFA is an effective and safe treatment for thyroid benign nodules and has obvious advantages such as less invasiveness, having no influence in thyroid functions. It is clinically prospective for application.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical prognostic features of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 56 cases of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma under 14 years old admitted in our hospital from Aug.2009 to Oct.2018 was performed.KaplanMeier method and COX proportional hazards model were used to analyze the factors affecting the disease-free survival of patients.Results The follow-up period was from 6 months to 82 months,and the median follow-up time was 28 months.Recurrence occurred in 15 patients,with a survival rate of 100％.The 3-and 5-year disease-free survival rate was 67.4％ and 63.5％.Univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter ＞2 cm (P=0.046),multiple lesions (P＜0.001),cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.008),and extra thyroidal extension (ETE) (P=0.035) were related factors affecting postoperative recurrence,while gender,age,Hashimoto's thyroiditis,tumor TNM stage,central lymph node metastasis and surgical approach were not related to postoperative recurrence.COX multivariate analysis showed that multiple lesions (HR:8.815,P=0.010) was the independent factor influencing the prognosis of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma.Conclusions Multiple lesion is an independent influencing factor for the recurrence of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients after surgery.Meanwhile,total thyroidectomy and long-term follow-up should be followed.Although the metastasis rate of lymph node and distant organ are high,overall prognosis is good in pediatric DTC.