Therapeutic observation of tuina manipulation for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of balance-impact tuina therapy for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH).Methods:A total of 118 eligible LIDH patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 59 cases in each group.The observation group was intervened by balance-impact tuina therapy,while the control group was intervened by conventional tuina therapy,both for consecutive two weeks.The scores of visual analog scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI),quality of life questionnaire-core 30 (QOL-C30) were observed before and after treatment;the relapse rate was estimated at the sixth month and twelfth month following the treatment.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:After intervention,the total effective rate was 96.6％ in the observation group versus 91.5％ in the control group,and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The VAS and ODI scores declined significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly lower than the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The QOL-C30 score increased significantly after treatment in both groups (both P＜0.05),and the observation group was markedly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).The relapse rates at the post-treatment sixth month and twelfth month in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion:Compared with the conventional tuina therapy,the balance-impact tuina therapy shows advantage in lessening pain,improving the function and enhancing the quality of life in the treatment of LIDH,and it has a lower relapse rate.Thus,this therapy is worth promoting in clinic.

Radiographic Measurement of Femoral Lateral Bowing and Distal Femoral Condyle Resection Thickness: Variances and Effects on Total Knee Arthroplasty Planning / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Accurate evaluation of the plain radiography of lower limb is critical for preoperative planning of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aimed to investigate the effect of femoral lateral bowing and rotation on the radiographic measurements of distal femoral condyle resection thickness (DRT) and the distal femoral resection valgus angle (FVA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We analyzed 246 three-dimensional femoral models generated from computed tomography images of 123 patients, acquiring projected contours in seven positions - 20° and 10° internal rotation; 0° rotation; 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40° external rotation - for each model. Medial and lateral condyle DRTs, femoral shaft lateral bowing angle (FBA), and distal FVA were determined for each position. Linear mixed effect model was used to determine the effect of degree of femur rotation on repeated measurements of DRT or FVA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FBA significantly affected the FVA and DRT (Pearson's R = 0.767 and -0.408, respectively; P < 0.000). Samples were divided into three groups according to the FBA measured in neutral position: FBA <0°: DRT 3.75 ± 1.30 mm, FVA 4.53° ± 1.27°; FBA >0° but <3°: DRT 3.39 ± 1.31 mm, FVA 5.92° ± 1.31°; FBA >3°: DRT 2.22 ± 1.31 mm, FVA 7.37° ± 1.31°. From simulated 20° internal rotation to 40° external rotation in each femoral model, the average variation ranges of radiographically measured DRT, FVA, and FBA were 0.50 ± 0.28 mm, 2.93° ± 0.96°, and 10.33° ± 1.90°, respectively, with no significant differences among the FBA groups. The degree of femoral rotation significantly affected the FVA (F = 62.148, P < 0.000), whereas there was no effect on condyle resection thickness (F = 0.4705, P = 0.494).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Axial femoral rotation has less effect on radiographic measurements of differences in the DRT than on those of the distal FVA.</p>

Preoperative Measurement of Tibial Resection in Total Knee Arthroplasty Improves Accuracy of Postoperative Limb Alignment Restoration / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Accuracy of implant placement in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is crucial. Traditional extramedullary alignment instruments are fairly effective for achieving the desired mean tibial component coronal alignment. We modified the traditional tibial plateau resection technique and evaluated its effect on alignment restoration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and eighty-two primary TKAs in our hospital between January 2013 and December 2014 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Group A consisted of 128 primary TKAs performed by one senior surgeon. Preoperative measurement of the tibial resection was conducted on radiographs, and the measured thicknesses of the lateral and medial plateau resection were used to place the tibial alignment guide. Group B consisted of 154 primary TKAs performed by the other senior surgeon, using a traditional tibial plateau resection technique. In all patients, an extramedullary guide was used for tibial resection, and preoperative and postoperative full-leg standing radiographs were used to assess the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), femoral component alignment angle (FA), and tibial component alignment angle (TA). A deviation ≥3° was considered unsatisfactory. Data were analyzed by unpaired Student's t-test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean postoperative HKA and TA angles were significantly different between Groups A and B (178.2 ± 3.2° vs. 177.0 ± 3.0°, t = 2.54, P = 0.01; 89.3 ± 1.8° vs. 88.3 ± 2.0°, t = 3.75, P = 0.00, respectively). The mean postoperative FA was 88.9 ± 2.5° in Group A and 88.9 ± 2.6° in Group B, and no significant difference was detected (t = 0.10, P = 0.92). There were 90 (70.3%) limbs with restoration of the mechanical axis to within 3° of neutral alignment and 38 (29.7%) outliers (>3° deviation) in Group A, whereas there were 89 (57.8%) limbs with restoration of the mechanical axis to within 3° of neutral alignment and 65 (42.2%) outliers (>3° deviation) in Group B. The severity of the preoperative alignment deformity was a strong predictor for postoperative alignment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Using conventional surgical instruments, preoperative measurement of resection thickness of the tibial plateau on radiographs could improve the accuracy of conventional surgical techniques.</p>

Effects of exercises training on the rats aorta stress and expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of different intensity exercise training on the rat aorta stress and expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We used treadmill exercise to establish the rat models of aerobic exercise and fatigue exercise, applied immunohistochemistry of SABC to measure the effect of different intensity exercise training on expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos in the VEC and VSMC of rat aorta.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The change of aorta blood pressure, compared with the control group, which had significant increase in both aerobic exercise and fatigue exercise (P < 0.05), but there had no remarkable difference between inaerobic exercise and fatigue exercise. Compared with the control group, the expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC in aerobic exercise rats remarkably reduced, the opening angle increased remarkably (P < 0.05), and the expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC in fatigue exercise rats distinguished upregulated (P < 0.05). Compared with the aerobic training group, there was distinguished difference in both the expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC and the opening angle of pectoralis aorta in fatigue training rats (P < 0.05). This indicated that different intensity training had different effect on the expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC of rat aorta, and the increase trend of expression of fatigue training group was more remarkably.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Expression change of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC of rat aorta was caused by exercise training, and which had a closed relation with the exercise intensity. Chronic shear stress of aerobic training made the expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC of aorta distinguished downregulated, which had relationship with homeostasis that VEC and VSMC maintained the blood vessel function. Fatigue training caused the increase of wall frictional shear stress and circumferential stresses, excessive shear stress caused the expression of NF-kappaB and c-Fos of VEC and VSMC of aorta significant upregulated, blood vessel happened non-unequal growth exists, and resulted in the remodeling of structure and function of blood vessel.</p>

The construction of siRNA-tTG lentivirus vector and its effect on activated hepatic stellate cells / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the lentivirus vector of siRNA-tTG and investigate the effects and mechanism of lentivirus mediated tTG RNA interference (RNAi) on the hepatic stellate cell (HSC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effective RNAi sequences targeted the tTG gene were designed and Lenti-siRNA-tTG was constructed by plasmid transfection. The rats were distributed into three groups:negative control (CON) group, siRNA-GFP (GFP) group and siRNA-tTG (rtTG) group. After the infection of lentivirus mediated siRNA-tTG, the mRNA and protein expression of tTG, alpha-SMA and collagen-1, and the cell proliferative status of HSC were observed in the three groups respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lentivirus vector of siRNA-tTG was constructed successfully. After the infection of lentivirus mediated siRNA-tTG, the mRNA expression of tTG and collagen-1 was decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of tTG, lysine and collagen-1 was also decreased significantly (P < 0.01), in the same time the proliferative ability of HSC was decreased significantly (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lentivirus mediated siRNA-tTG can inhibit the proliferation of HSC by inhibition of the expression of tTG and attenuate the synthesis of collagen-1 and lysine. Thus, it may have a potential anti-fibrosis effect.</p>

Effect of aerobic exercise on living myocardial nuclear calcium transport in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the biological mechanism of the dynamic changes of living myocardial nuclear calcium which was isolated from aerobic exercised rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acutely isolated myocardial cells were incubated with STDBT and Fluo-3Ca2+ fluorescent indicator. The changes of the fluorescence signal of free calcium were measured by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fluorescence of the ventricular myocardium cell was weak which was incubated with nucleus specific Ca2+ fluorescent probe STDBT-AM, transverse striation and transverse tubules was looked ambiguous. The most significant fluorescence intensity was distributed in the place of nucleus, bottle green was observed and the borderline of nuclear membrane. It was showed that STDBT could though cytoplasm and specifically clustered in nucleus and characterized by targeting to the distribution of nucleus. Compared with control group, aerobic exercise group had the same characteristic of the change of the basic and peak value of [Ca2+]n. When isoproterenol was added, the [Ca2+]n of aerobic exercise group was increased significantly, its change rate was 33.3412% (P < 0.01). Before and after added isoproterenol, myocardial cell's [Ca2+]n changed significantly. After added isoproterenol, the [Ca2+]n of aerobic exercise group was increased significantly and the change rate was 33.224%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This article firstly studied the changes of living myocardial nuclear calcium and discussed the transport of the [Ca2+]n of myocardial nuclear which was isolated from aerobic exercised rats; proved that aerobic exercise could increase its level of [Ca2+]n significantly, isoproterenol could increase the level of [Ca2+]n and decrease the level of [Ca2+]i. Myocardial nuclear is one of calcium stores of myocardial cell, aerobic exercise could impact on the modulation of myocardial cell.</p>

Protective effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on septic shock rats / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on septic shock rats and explore its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed to produce septic shock rat model. Thirty adult Sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 animals in each group: sham operation group, CLP group and VIP group. The rats in VIP group were given intravenous injection of VIP (5 nmol per rat) instantly after the CLP operation. Then the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored consistently and survival rate was observed. Blood samples were obtained from femoral artery for measuring the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Organs (lung, kidney and intestine) were harvested for pathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At each time point after 8 h, the MAP of VIP rats was significantly higher than that in CLP rats (P<0.05). In VIP group rats, the serum TNF-alpha concentration was decreased meanwhile IL-10 level was increased with markedly alleviated organic pathological injuries and the survival rate was obviously raised.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VIP exerts protective effects on septic shock rats through inhibiting production of proinflammatory factors and stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.</p>

Simultaneous determination of eight organic acids in Fructus mume by RP-HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous separation and determination of oxalic acid (OA), tartaric acid(TA), malic acid(MA), vitamin C (VC), lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA) citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA) in Fructus mume.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Analytical column was Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18. Mobile phase was 0.5% (NH4) H2PO4 aqueous solution and detection wavelength was 214 nm. The flow rate of mobile phase was 0.5 mL x min(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The regression equations (pH 2. 8, adjusted with phosphoric acid) of eight constituents have been established, r = 0.999 7, 0. 999 8, 0.999 2, 0.999 6, 0.999 1, 0.999 5, 0.999 8, 0.999 2 respectively. Meanwhile, the content and proportion relationship of eight organic acids in Fructus mume which yielded in Fujian (China) were investigated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method was simple, accuracy and quick. The method can be used for the purpose of routine analysis and the quality control of a botanic (Fructus mume) containing these organic acid components.</p>

Study on the interactions between Ligusticum chuanxiong extract and cardiac muscle membrane receptors by CMSP chromatography / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the interactions between Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort extract and cardiac muscle membrane receptors.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The cell membrane of rabbit cardiac muscle was fixed on silicon to make cell membrane stationary phase (CMSP), and then the interactions were studied by comparing the retention characteristics of the extracts from different solvents with those of the antagonists or activators corresponding to known receptors in cardiac muscle membrane, and by competition effect on the retention characteristics of extracts when adding the antagonists or activators into the mobile phase.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Water extract and ethanol extract both had retentions on CMSP; the retention characteristics of water extract could be affected when water extract was in competition with the antagonists for alpha receptor, and could not be affected when with the activator beta1 receptor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is possible that some components in water extract may combine with alpha receptor and no component with beta1 receptor, and that some components in ethanol extract may combine with cardiac muscle cell membrane. The process between active components and receptors in vivo can be imitated through the interactions between drugs and CMSP. The method provides references for the resolution of two applications: to screen the active components from Chinese medicine, and to figure out the type of receptors involved.</p>

Study on the interactions between four components in Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome and acceptors on cardiac muscle membrane / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the interactions between four components in Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome and heart cell membrane acceptors.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Through observing the retention characteristics of the four components (tetramethylpyrazine, vanillic, chrysophol, ferulic acid) on cell membrane stationary phase (CMSP) chromatographic column, whether the components combine with cell membrane acceptors was studied, and through further comparing the retention characteristics with those of known activators or antagonists corresponding to cell membrane acceptors, the kind of acceptor with which one component combines was studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Tetramethylpyrazine, vanillic and chrysophol had retention on CMSP chromatographic column while ferulic acid hadn't. The retention characteristics of tetramethylpyrazine were similar to activator and antagonist corresponding to a acceptor, vanillic with beta1 acceptor activator.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tetramethylpyrazine, vanillic and chrysophol can all combine with cardiac muscle membrane acceptors, while ferulic acid can not; tetramethylpyrazine probably acts on a acceptor and vanillic acts on beta1 acceptor.</p>

Experimental study on iNOS gene transfer mediated by liposome to treat portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of iNOS gene transfer on portal hypertensive rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA(3)/iNOS was used to transfect sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) mediated by Lipofectamine. Transfection rate and gene exspression were detected. Hepatic cirrhosis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride, and the cirrhotic rats were divided into three groups:Liposome-pcDNA(3)/iNOS (n = 10), Tris buffer (n = 10) and nude plasmid (n = 10), which were injected into the portal vein of experiment cirrhotic rats respectively. Five days later, animals were killed, immunohistochemistry and spectrophotometry methods were used to measure the expression of iNOS and the amount of NO production.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA(3)/iNOS could effectively transfect SEC and express corresponding gene products. Following iNOS gene transfer, compared with the two controlled groups, iNOS expression and the NO production were significantly increased meanwhile portal pressure was decreased significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The iNOS gene transfer is a feasible and an effective approach to treat portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats which could increase the expression of intra-hepatic iNOS and the amount of NO production thus leading to a remarkable reduction of portal venous pressure.</p>

Screening models and techniques for medicine and its application in the studies on the active components of Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

The development of modern biologic techniques have provided new techniques and approaches for the modern studies on active components of Chinese medicine. This article is a review of four kinds of screening models and corresponding techniques for medicine and their applications in the studies on the active components of Chinese medicine. The four aspects comprise the whole animal models, receptor models and molecular biochromatography, cell models and cell membrane chromatography, and gene chip techniques. It will provide references for promoting studies and accelerating modernization of Chinese medicine.